Ophiomyia foliaphila, Guglya, 2021

Guglya, Yuliia, 2021, Rearing mining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from host plants as an instrument for associating females with males, with the description of seven new species, Zootaxa 5014 (1), pp. 1-158 : 16-18

Ophiomyia foliaphila spec. nov.

( Figs. 33–36 , 330–340 )

Holotype ( KUMN). “ Ukraine, Kharkiv Region / near Haidary , / 49°37’N, 36°19’E / 25.vii.2020 / Yu. Guglya leg.”, “serpentine white mine / with puparium on / Stachys palustris , / 6.viii.2020 —imago” (1♂).

Paratypes ( KUMN). “ Ukraine, Kharkiv Region / near Haidary , / 49°37’N, 36°19’E / 25.vii.2020 / Yu. Guglya leg.”, “serpentine white mine / with puparium on / Stachys palustris , / 29.vii.2020 —imago” (1♂) ; “ Ukraine, Kharkiv Region / near Haidary , / 49°37’N, 36°19’E / 25.vii.2020 / Yu. Guglya leg.”, “serpentine white mine / with puparium on / Stachys palustris , / 1.viii.2020 —imago” (1♀) ; “ Ukraine, Kharkiv Region / near Haidary , / 49°37’N, 36°19’E / 25.vii.2020 / Yu. Guglya leg.”, “serpentine white mine / with puparium on / Stachys palustris , / 2.viii.2020 —imago” (1♂) ; “ Ukraine, Kharkiv Region, / near Petrivske , / 49°10’N, 36°58’E, / 14.00, 2.v.2020 / Yu. Guglya leg.” (1♂) ; “ Ukraine, Kharkiv Region, / near Petrivske , / 49°10’N, 36°58’E, / 14.00, 3.v.2020 / Yu. Guglya leg.” (1♂) .

Etymology. The name of the new species reflects that larvae develop inside of leaves.

Host. Lamiaceae : Stachys palustris L.

Mine. ( Fig. 33 ) The larva forms a long and narrow white irregular linear upper-surface mine. The width of the mine tunnel gradually increases during the course of the larval life. The larva pupates within the mine, constructing a “pupal blister” on the upper side of the leaf ( Fig. 34 ).

Puparium. ( Figs. 35, 36 , 330 ) Brown, glossy, 2.2 mm long, with readily visible but not deep segmentation; surface quite smooth except for single-row spine bands. Anterior spiracles are black, glossy. Posterior spiracles set on short protuberances that are entirely separate; orange, fan-shaped, with twelve sessile bulbs arranged in an ellipse. Anal plate scarcely protruding above the surface of puparium viewed from the side and directed ventroposteriorly.

Cephalopharyngeal skeleton. ( Fig. 331 ) Right mouthhook much smaller than the left, both flattened ventrally, with rounded abducted portions directed anteriorly and ventro-posteriorly. Each mouthhook bears two accessory teeth. Intermediate sclerite long and straight, weakly sclerotized centrally, 1.65× as long as height of left mouthhook. The dorsal cornu bears a narrow and long “closed” window and well sclerotized arms. The ventral cornu is well sclerotized ventrally and weakly sclerotized dorsally. Indentation index 77.

Distribution. Ukraine (Kharkiv Region).

Adult description. ( Figs. 334–336 ) Head brownish-black. Orbit not projecting above eye in profile; 2 orb s, 2 fr s; frorb sta sparse, proclinate; frons, orbits and oc tr scarcely shining; orbits without visible contours (frontal view); eyes not haired in male or female; lunule low, largerly semicircular, reaching the level of the anterior fr s; oc tr wide; facial carina wide, bulbous; gena medially 0.1× as high as maximum height of eye; vibrissal fasciculus long, straight, narrow, directed antero-dorsally in male, long vibrissa present in female; pped elongated, rounded apically, covered with blackish hairs viewed from the side.

Wing: ( Fig. 337 ) Slightly greyish, with uniformly brown veins; costa reaching M 1; last section of CuA 1 0.65× as long as penultimate; calypter brown, margin and fringe black. Wing length: 1.8–2.0 mm in male, 2.0 mm in female.

Mesonotum: Black, strongly shining viewed from above; sctl black, less shining; 0+2 dc s, first longer than second; acr s in 7 rows at level of anterior dc s; halter and legs dark brown.

Male genitalia: ( Figs. 338–340 ) Phallus typical of species with a fasciculus, with ovated distiphallus, mesophallus equal in length with distiphallus posteriorly, long and narrow V-shaped basiphallus, that is 1.13× as long as distiphallus viewed from below. Junction of mesophallus with distiphallus displaced posteriorly viewed from below; when viewed laterally, the posterior portion of the distiphallus equal in height to the anterior section. Ejaculatory apodeme narrow with blade diamond-shaped; weakly sclerotized in comparison with transverse sclerite of sperm sac. Epandrium stout; surstylus bears three strong sharp spines. Arms of hypandrium are slender and strongly sclerotized; apodeme narrowly abducted and blunt. Phallus 0.3 mm long.

Female genitalia: ( Figs. 332, 333 ) Blade of egg guide relatively wide, 3.2× as long as maximum width, acute apically, without any scales on medial membrane. Outer marginal denticles are rounded, closely spaced, distinctly visible. Proctiger wide, 4.3× as long as maximum width. Egg guide 1.17× as long as proctiger. Spermathecae equal in size, dark brown, flattened dorso-ventrally; internal duct invagination narrowing medially, 0.8× as deep as height of spermatheca. Basal collar narrow, rim-shaped. Spermathecal duct weakly sclerotized.

Comments. Superficially the new species cannot be reliably distinguished from Ophiomyia labiatarum Hering except by size: O. labiatarum is larger, with wing 2.0– 2.1 mm (♂), 2.2 mm (♀) long. Male genitalia, however, are distinctly different: the phallus in O. labiatarum is larger; the mesophallus is distinctly shorter than the distiphallus posteriorly; the junction of the mesophallus and distiphallus is displaced anteriorly viewed from below; the posterior portion of the distiphallus is stouter than the anterior portion viewed from the side. The larva of O. labiatarum develops as an external stem miner, pupates in the stem near the node, and each posterior spiracle of the puparium bears seven sessile bulbs. In contrast the new species is a leaf miner, pupates on the upper side of the leaf, and each posterior spiracle bears twelve sessile bulbs.

The new species can be integrated in the key to Ophiomyia species known to occur in Ukraine on p. 64 of Guglya (2014) as follows:

18. Head rounded in profile, 0.8–0.85× as long as high (measure along the longest axis of the eye); facial carina wide, spherical with furrow; gena: produced and fingerlike in male, with very long, slender, curved dorsally fasciculus (see Guglya 2013: figs. 79, 80). Distiphallus narrow, slightly curved, with two short, curved dorsal processes viewed from the side. Mesophallus very small (see Guglya 2013: figs. 81, 82)................................................. O. ranunculicaulis Hering

- Head ellipsoid in profile, 0.5–0.6× as long as high (measure along the longest axis of the eye); facial carina without furrow; gena uniformly narrowing, with vibrissal fasciculus in male of various length (see figs. 334–336; Guglya 2013: figs. 6, 7, 11, 12, 22, 23). Distiphallus without curved dorsal processes viewed from the side. Mesophallus of various length......... 18a

18a. Gena uniformly abducted anteriorly: length of fasciculus distinctly more than the distance between eye and base of fasciculus (fig. 335). Mesophallus equal in length with distiphallus posteriorly viewed from below (fig. 338)....................................................................................................... O. foliaphila spec. nov.

- Gena strongly narrowly abducted ventro-anteriorly: length of fasciculus distinctly less than the distance between eye and base of fasciculus (see Guglya 2013: figs. 6, 11, 22). Mesophallus distinctly shorter or longer than distiphallus posteriorly viewed from below (see Guglya 2013: figs. 10, 13, 25)............................................................. 19

Figures

FIGURES 29–36. Figures 29–32: Ophiomyia asparagi Spencer; 29: “pupal blister” with puparium (indicated by arrow) in Asparagus officinalis stem; 30: stem mine in A. officinalis; 31–32: posterior segments of puparium; 31: lateral view; 32: posterior view. Figures 33–36: O. foliaphila spec. nov.; 33: mine with puparium (indicated by arrow) in Stachys palustris leaf; 34: “pupal blister” with puparium in S. palustris leaf; 35: puparium viewed from the side; 36: posterior segments of puparium (posterior view).

FIGURES 326–333. Figure 326: cephalopharyngeal skeleton of Ophiomyia asparagi Spencer; Figures 327–329: O. maura (Meigen); 327: cephalopharyngeal skeleton; 328: egg guide; 329: spermatheca; Figures 330–333: O. foliaphila spec. nov.; 330: posterior spiracle; 331: cephalopharyngeal skeleton; 332 a–b: egg guide and proctiger proportionally; a: egg guide; b: proctiger; 333: spermatheca.

FIGURES 334–340. Ophiomyia foliaphila spec. nov.; 334: frontal view of head; 335: male head viewed from the side; 336: female head viewed from the side; 337: wing; 338: phallus viewed from below; 339: phallus viewed from the side; 340: male genitalia proportionally.