Clupeinae

Gol’din, Pavel, Haiduc, Bogdan Stelian, Kovalchuk, Oleksandr, Górka, Marcin, Otryazhyi, Pavlo, Brânzilă, Mihai, Păun, Elena Ionela, Barkaszi, Zoltán, Ţibuleac, Paul & Răţoi, Bogdan Gabriel, 2020, The Volhynian (late Middle Miocene) marine fishes and mammals as proxies for the onset of the Eastern Paratethys re-colonisation by vertebrate fauna, Palaeontologia Electronica (a 43) 23 (3), pp. 1-20 : 7

Clupeinae indet.

Figure 3C

1970 Clupea sp. ; Macarovici, pl. 1, fig. 7.

Material and locality. Scale; Voineşti.

Description. A single isolated scale from Voineşti (depth 398–400 m) is scutate in shape; it is 7.0 mm wide and 6.2 mm long. The edges of the scale are rounded except for the posterior field, which is moderately crenulated. The anterior field is smooth. There are five vertical primary and secondary grooves arranged symmetrically on the surface of the scale.

Comparison. The scale described is similar to those associated with the posterior body part of “ Clupea ” sardinites ( Szymczyk, 1978, p. 390, table 1; p. 395, figs. 4d, 5c) in the number and arrangement of grooves, as well as the shape and lengthwidth ratio of the scale plate.

Remarks. The scale resembles that in herrings in shape and morphology ( Lagler, 1947; Szymczyk, 1978). It was assigned to Clupeinae based on the absence of nodules at the middle and lateral fields, unlike those in Alosinae ( Peabody, 1928; Szymczyk, 1978). We suggest that the diagnostic importance of clupeid squamation should be limited by subfamily level since comparative studies in case of joint findings of scales and skeletons are absent.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Fish remains from the Volhynian beds of Romania and Ukraine: A-B – Sarmatella doljeana (Kramberger, 1884), anterior part of the body (A), and caudal part (B), Leucuşeşti; C – Clupeinae gen. et sp. indet., isolated scale, Voineşti; D-E – Scombroidei indet., caudal part (D), Erbiceni, and middle part of the body (E), Aroneanu; F – Sparus brusinai (Kramberger, 1882), skeleton, Hrushivtsi; G-H – Sparus cf. brusinai (Kramberger, 1882), right dentary in lateral (G) and dorsal view (H), Pârâul lui Gheorghe; I – Bothus parvulus (Kramberger, 1883), body imprint, Româneşti. Scale bars equal 2 mm in C, 5 mm in A-B, D-E, G-I, and 2 cm in F.