Actinacis martiniana d’Orbigny, 1850

Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C., 2008, Dendrophylliina, Caryophylliina, Fungiina, Microsolenina, and Stylinina, Zootaxa 1952, pp. 1-244 : 105-106

Actinacis martiniana d’Orbigny, 1850

Pl. 8; fig. 11

*1850 Actinacis Martiniana d’Orb., 1849 : d’Orbigny, vol. 2, p. 209.

nonv1854 Actinacis Martiniana d’Orbigny : Reuss, p. 127, pl. 24, figs 12–15.

1881 Actinacis haueri Reuss : Quenstedt, vol. 6, p. 900, pl. 178, fig. 28.

1906 Actinacis cymatoclysta n. sp.: Felix, p. 43, pl. 3, figs 4–4a.

1914 Actinacis cymatoclysta Felix 1906 : Felix, pars 7, p. 239.

1914 Actinacis Martiniana d’Orbigny 1849 : Felix, pars 7, p. 240.

v1930 a Actinacis parvistella n. sp.: Oppenheim, p. 9, pl. 1, figs 3, 3a (topotypes studied).

v1930 a Actinacis multilamellata n. sp.: Oppenheim, p. 13, pl. 15, fig. 2 (topotypes studied).

v1930 a Actinacis multipartita: Oppenheim , p. 20, pl. 15, figs 4, 4a (topotypes studied).

v1933 Actinacis valverdensis: Wells , p. 120, pl. 11, figs 1, 2.

1956 Actinacis haueri Reuss : Bendukidze, p. 119.

1958 Actinacis martiniana d’Orb. : Alloiteau, p. 177, pl. 29, figs 1–3.

v1982 Actinacis parvistella Oppenheim 1930 : Beauvais, vol. 2, p. 273, pl. 49, figs 1, 2, pl. 69, fig. 3 (topotypes studied).

v1982 Actinacis multilamellata Oppenheim 1930 : Beauvais, vol. 2, p. 274, pl. 49, figs 3, 4, pl. 69, fig. 2 (topotypes studied).

v1982 Actinacis multipartita Oppenheim : Beauvais, vol. 2, p. 277, pl. 49, fig. 6, pl. 50, fig. 1 (older synonyms cited therein) (topotypes studied).

1987 Actinacis cognata Oppenheim, 1901 : Kuzmicheva, p. 159, pl. 29, fig. 1.

v1988 Actinacis cognata Oppenheim, 1901 : Drobne, et al., p. 188, pl. 33, figs 2–4.

1993 Actinacis cognata Oppenheim, 1901 : Alvarez Perez, p. 230, pl. 22, figs 1–3.

1995 Actinacis cognata Oppenheim, 1901 : Bosellini & Russo, p. 218, pl. 1, figs 1–4, text-figs 2–3.

nonv1997 Actinacis martiniana d’Orbigny, 1850 : Baron-Szabo, p. 78, pl. 11, figs 2, 5–6.

non 1997 Actinacis martiniana d’Orbigny, 1850 : Turnšek, p. 4, pl. 4, figs A–C.

v1998 Actinacis cognata Oppenheim, 1901 : Turnšek, in Turnšek & Drobne, p. 137, pl. 8, figs 3–4.

v1998 Actinacis parvistella Oppenheim, 1930 : Baron-Szabo, p. 147, pl. 11, fig. 1.

2000 Actinacis cymatoclysta, Felix 1906 : Löser, p. 5.

2000 Actinacis martiniana, d’Orbigny, 1850 : Löser, p. 5.

2000 Actinacis parvistella, Oppenheim 1930 : Löser, p. 5.

v2000 Actinacis parvistella Oppenheim, 1930 : Baron-Szabo, p. 118, pl. 11, figs 1, 3.

v2001 Actinacis parvistella Oppenheim, 1930 : Baron-Szabo, p. 258, figs 1A, 2E.

nonv2002 Actinacis martiniana d’Orbigny, 1850 : Baron-Szabo, p. 100, pl. 67, figs 3–4.

v2006 Actinacis parvistella Oppenheim, 1930 : Baron-Szabo et al., p. 20, fig. 5.2.

Dimensions. d=1–1.2 mm, late adult stages up to 1.5 mm, juvenile around 0.8 mm; c-c=1.5– 3 mm; s=18–22, up to 24 septa in late adult stages.

Description. Encrusting-lamellar or irregular multicolumnar-ramose, plocoid colony; calices circular or slightly oval in outline, separated by a vermiculate coenosteum; costosepta, thin, straight, generally developed in 3 complete cycles in 6 systems or rarely in undeterminable systems.

Remarks. Beauvais (1982, vol. 2, p. 267–268) stated that in the holotype of Actinacis martiniana the corallite diameter ranged from 0.5– 1 mm. However, in the illustrations of the holotype presented by Beauvais (1982, pl. 48, figs 2a–b) the corallite diameter generally ranges from 1–1.2 mm, with juvenile corallites of around 0.8 mm and adult ones of up to 1.5 mm.

The specimens assigned to Actinacis cognata Oppenheim, 1901 , in the synonmy list above by Kuzmicheva (1987, p. 159), Drobne, et al. (1988, p. 188), Alvarez Perez (1993, p. 230), Bosellini & Russo (1995, p. 218), and Turnšek & Drobne (1998, p. 137) are characterized by corallite diameters ranging between 0.7 and up to around 1.3 mm, and septal numbers of up to 24, thus very closely agreeing with A. martiniana . In A. cognata the corallites are smaller than 1 mm in diameter and the number of septa is 12–16 ( Oppenheim 1901, p. 182). Moreover, the latter might actually be a junior synonym of Actinacis digitata Fritsch, 1878 , from the Eocene of Borneo, which is characterized by corallite diameters of 0.7 mm to up to nearly 1 mm and 15–20 septa.

Type locality of species. Upper Santonian of southern France (Figuières) .

Distribution. Middle Albian of Texas, Upper Turonian-Santonian of Austria (Gosau Group), Coniacian and Upper Santonian of southern France (Corbières, Figuières), Senonian of Ukraine, Santonian of Georgia (in Caucasus), Campanian of northern Spain (Catalonia), Maastrichtian of Mexico (Cardenas Formation), Maastrichtian of Jamaica (new material), Middle-Upper Maastrichtian of the UAE / Oman border region, Paleocene of Slovenia (Adriatic Platform) and Austria (new material), Upper Paleocene-Lower Eocene of Java, Eocene of Italy, Spain, and Ukraine.

New Material. Paleocene of Austria (Kambühel-Kalke), NMNH, Baron-Szabo coll., sample no.: NMNH 1068601; Maastrichtian of Jamaica, NMNH, Coates coll., sample nos.: 326a; 516b; 517 (=Ducketts Land Settlement); 570i; 570r; 570s (=probably Cambridge area).