Protoneura rojiza González-Soriano, 1992

Ellenrieder, Natalia Von & Garrison, Rosser W., 2017, A synopsis of the Neotropical genus Protoneura (Odonata: Coenagrionidae), Zootaxa 4361 (1), pp. 1-76 : 33

Protoneura rojiza González-Soriano, 1992

Figs. 15 (♂ habitus), 39 (♀ habitus), 61 (♀ mes. plate), 85 (gen. lig.), 111 (♂ app.), 122 (map)

Protoneura rojiza González-Soriano, 1992: 489 –493, Figs. 1–4 (description of ♂ and ♀ from Mexico, illustrations of ♂ S10 and ♀ thorax and mesostigmal plate);— González-Soriano & Novelo-Gutiérrez (1996: 162 Mexico);— Garrison et al. (2010: 379).

Primary type specimens. Holotype ♂. Mexico, Oaxaca, km 56.7 on route 175 (between Valle Nacional and La Esperanza), 580 m, 29 vii 1990, V. García & E. González-Soriano leg. [ UNAM].

Specimens examined. 5 ♂ 3 ♀: MEXICO, Jalisco State : 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 4 km N and 6 km E of Tuito (20°19' N, 105°22' W, 800 m), 24 vii 1994, E. González-Soriano leg. [RWG]; Michoacán State : 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (in tandem), Villa Victoria (18°45'22'' N, 103°22'24'' W, 770 m), 9 vii 2005, R. Novelo-Gutiérrez & J.A. Gómez leg. [RWG] ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (in tandem), same data but 19 viii 2005 [RWG] ; 2 ♂, Chinicuila , La Nuez, Cañada El Colorín (18°39'33'' N, 103°24'34'' W, 1,050 m), 13 vii 2006, R. Novelo-Gutiérrez & J. A. Gómez leg. [RWG].

Characterization. Male: Epicranium black, dorsum of thorax entirely black or with orange narrow antehumeral stripe, dorsum of abdomen mostly orange, with black dorsum of S1, small distal spots on S3–4, distal portion of S6–7, distal 3/4 of S8; pale colors orange, with yellow limited to venter of thorax ( Fig. 15 ). Pronotum black with orange spots on middle lobe and lateral margins of hind lobe. Mesepisternum black with orange antehumeral stripe extending along basal 1/2 of sclerite to absent; mesepimeron black with narrow orange humeral stripe along medial 1/2 to distal 3/4 of sclerites to absent, separated from a small distal orange spot; metepisternum black with orange stripe along anterior margin to entirely black; metepimeron black or with ventroposterior margin yellow. Leg dark brown, with margins of coxa, trochanter and base of femur yellowish brown; tibial spurs shorter than twice intervening spaces. Genital ligula lacking lateral lobes, with a straight distal margin, and laterodistal corners projected ventrally and smoothly rounded ( Fig. 85 ). Cercus shorter than S10 length, about three fourths as long as paraproct, about as long as wide, medially concave and directed lateroposteriorly, semicircular in dorsal view ( Fig. 111c ), with a blunt ventrobasal tooth directed medially and two apical teeth, one on ventrodistal margin and one on mediodorsal margin, both cylindrical, blunt and subequal ( Figs. 111b, c ). Paraproct slightly shorter than S10 length, medially concave, and narrowing to half its basal width at midlength ( Fig. 111a ). TL 47–48; Hw 21– 24.

Female: As male but dark colors black with metallic green to copper reflections and pale colors yellow; pronotum anterior lobe with a yellow lateral spot; antehumeral stripe narrow and extending along basal 1/3–1/2 of mesepisternum; humeral stripe narrow and extending along distal 1/2–2/3 of mesepimeron; metepisternum black with a medial yellow stripe across entire height; metepimeron yellow with a black spot on anterodorsal margin; coxa, trochanter, and base of femur yellow or brown margined in yellow, remainder of leg brown; S10 black dorsally; pale lateral area of S9 extended dorsally medially to about 2/3 of segment height ( Fig. 39 ). Middle lobe of pronotum lacking pronounced lateral depressions; posterior lobe directed anteriorly and trilobed, with medial lobe bilobed with sides smoothly convex. Mesostigmal plate upright and semicircular, at medioposterior corner adjacent to a mesepisternal laminar projection directed anterodorsally ( Fig. 61 ); no depressions behind mesostigmal plates. TL 41–42; Hw 23.5–24.

Diagnosis. Diagnosed under P. peramans .

Habitat and biology. According to E. González-Soriano (pers. comm.), it inhabits narrow streams, preferably shaded. He has never seen males alone, always in tandem, and suspects that copulation occurs high in the canopy. Females lay eggs on secondary roots and debris deposited along banks of the streams, even distant by a few meters from the water course. Males guard females in tandem in an upright position.

Distribution. Michoacán, Jalisco, Oaxaca, and Guerrero States in Mexico ( Fig. 122 ).

Figures

FIGURES 13–16. Male body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale).(13) P. paucinervis; (14) P.peramans; (15) P.rojiza; (16) P. romanae.

FIGURES 1–4. Male body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (1) P. ailsa; (2) P. amatoria; (3) P.aurantiaca; (4) P.caligata.

FIGURES 85–91. Genital ligula in ectal (85–91a), lateral (85–91b), and entolateral (85c) views (to scale).(85) P. rojiza; (86) P. romanae; (87)P.sanguinipes; (88) P.scintilla; (89) P.sulfurata; (90–91) P.tenuis. All by RWG.

FIGURES 109–111. Male caudal appendages in lateral (109–111a), posterodorsal (109–111b), and dorsal (109–111b) views (not to scale). (109) P.paucinervis; (110) P.peramans; (111) P.rojiza.

FIGURES 37–40. Female body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (37) P. paucinervis; (38) P.peramans; (39) P.rojiza; (40) P.romanae. Insert in Fig. 40: pronotum in dorsal view.

FIGURES 60–63. Female pronotum (60b; 63a) and mesostigmal plates (60a, c; 61; 62; 63b), in lateral (60a; 61a) and dorsal (60b, c; 61b; 62; 63) views (to scale). (60) P. peramans; (61) P. rojiza; (62) P. romanae; (63) P. sanguinipes.

FIGURES 121–122. Distribution maps.