Trogloneta yuensis Lin & Li, 2013

Li, Ya & Lin, Yucheng, 2019, Taxonomic review of the Asian Trogloneta species (Araneae, Mysmenidae), ZooKeys 817, pp. 41-60 : 46-48

Trogloneta yuensis Lin & Li, 2013 Figures 6, 7, 8

Trogloneta yuensis Lin & Li, 2013a: 43, figs 8 A–E, 9 A–B, 10 A–F, 11 A–B, 12 A–E.

Type material.

Holotype ♂ (NHMSU) from CHINA: Chongqing City, Beibei District, Jinyun Mt., Guankou (29°50.261'N, 106°23.811'E; alt. 531 m), 5-IV-2010, by sieving, Z. Zhang leg. Examined.

Other material.

5♂, 6♀ (NHMSU) from CHINA: Hunan Province, Changsha City, Yuelu District, Yuelu Mt. Parkland, (112°56.526'E, 28°11.211'N; alt. 163 m), 19-IV-2018, by sieving, G. Zhou leg.

Diagnosis.

Trogloneta yuensis differs from most congeners except the Brazilian Trogloneta species and T. speciosum by the presence of pointed tubercle on abdomen dorso-posteriorly (Figure 6A, B, E, F). It differs from Brazilian Trogloneta spp. (see Brescovit and Lopardo 2008: figs 1 D–J, 2 C–I, 2 K–N) by the presence a large cymbial process of palp and a long epigynal scape (Figs 7 A–C, 8 A–D); from T. speciosum by the larger body size, distinctly stretched cymbial conductor, and long epigynal scape (Figs 7 A–C, 8 A–D). It is most similar to T. nojimai in the male palpal structure and the epigynal configuration, but can be distinguished from the latter by the pointed abdomen dorso-posteriorly, a hooked embolic end, a large cymbial process, and the clavate spermethecae (Figs 7 A–C, 8 A–D).

New morphological data.

Male. Measurements: total length 1.08. Prosoma 0.46 long, 0.45 wide, 0.60 high. Clypeus 0.32 high. Sternum 0.31 long, 0.30 wide. Opisthosoma 0.57 long, 0.55 wide, 0.98 high. Length of legs: I 1.45 (0.44, 0.17, 0.33, 0.29, 0.22); II 1.17 (0.39, 0.16, 0.23, 0.23, 0.16); III 1.00 (0.30, 0.13, 0.22, 0.18, 0.17); IV 1.18 (0.37, 0.15, 0.26, 0.22, 0.18). Legs formula: I-II-IV-III.

Somatic characters (Figure 6A, C, E). Coloration: carapace black centrally and marginally, thoracic region dim yellow. Clypeus black. Sternum pale yellow, with a pair of shoulder dark speckles. Abdomen pale yellow, modified by irregular dark spots. Prosoma: carapace sub-round dorsally, conical laterally. Cephalic pars sharply raised, slope forward and backward. Ocular area at apex. AME black, others white. AME smallest, ALE largest. ALE>PLE>PME>AME. ARE and PRE distinctly procurved. Chelicerae pale yellow, shorter than endites, fang furrow with two promarginal and a single retromarginal teeth. Labium pale, triangular, no fused to sternum. Sternum cordiform, truncated posteriorly. Legs: each segments pale yellow, except tarsi, other segments modified by grey rings distally. A subdistal sclerotized femoral spot on leg I ventrally, but none on leg II. A clasping macroseta on metatarsus I submesial prolaterally. A dorsal seta on each patella distally and tibia proximally. Three trichobothria on tibiae I, II, and IV respectively, but four on tibia III. All metatarsi and tarsi lack trichobothrium. Opisthosoma: elliptic dorsally, triangular laterally, with a tubercle dorso-posteriorly. Spinnerets at lowest position, the anterior ones black, and the posterior ones pale. Colulus small, tongue-shaped. Anal tubercle pale. Palp (Figure 7 A–D): larger than half carapace, strongly sclerotized. Femur 2.5 × as long as patella. Patella short. Tibia wider than long, conical, bears a dorsal trichobothrium and a few long setae ventro-marginally. Cymbium large, paracymbium flattened, bears dense long setae. A long cymbial process (aquiline distally, constricted proximally) arisen from inner side subdistal margin of cymbium. Cymbial fold distinct, with long setae. Cymbial conductor extended distally, membranous, attaching with a cluster of setae. Tegulum smooth. Spermatic duct long, visible through subtegulum. A long, fingerlike apophysis derives from the junction between tegulum and subtegulum. Embolus long, arched, gradually tapering to form a hooked end. Embolic end with accessory membrane, hidden behind cymbial conductor.

Female. Measurements: Total length 1.32. Prosoma 0.52 long, 0.49 wide, 0.46 high. Clypeus 0.15 high. Sternum 0.34 long, 0.33 wide. Opisthosoma 0.92 long, 0.88 wide, 1.13 high. Length of legs: I 1.64 (0.53, 0.19, 0.36, 0.31, 0.25); II 1.39 (0.44, 0.18, 0.30, 0.25, 0.22); III 1.15 (0.35, 0.15, 0.25, 0.21, 0.19); IV 1.32 (0.42, 0.17, 0.28, 0.24, 0.21). Somatic characters (Figure 6B, D, F) as in male, but larger size and lighter colour than male, ocular area more anterior than in male. Epigyne (Figure 8 A–D): Epigynal area elevated ventrally. A long and narrow scape curving basally, copulatory opening at scape distally (Figure 8B). Epigynal plate transversely rugose (Figure 8A, C). Inner vulval structure peculiar (Figure 8D). Copulatory ducts long and bell-shaped proximally (Figure 8D), most duct areas translucent and coiled around the spermathecae (Figure 8C, D). Atrium broad, subquadrate. Spermathecae clavate, curved. Fertilisation ducts stem from the spermathecae baso-dorsally (Figure 8D). Inside accessory gland connected with the base of spermathecae ventrally (Figure 8C).

Remarks.

The species is original described on the basis of only a male specimen from Jinyun Mt. of Chongqing City that was donated by Prof Zhisheng Zhang (Southwest University in Chongqing, China) ( Lin and Li 2013a). Since then, we have conducted two supplementary collections in the type locality, and not obtained female samples. During 2018, when Mr Guchun Zhou (Hunan Normal University in Changsha, China) was investigating the spider diversity of Yuelu Mt in Changsha City, a large number of samples of this species were obtained by sieving the surface deciduous layers. He presented us with some material for this study.

Distribution.

China (Chongqing, Hunan).