COMMELINACEAE

Baksh-Comeau, Yasmin S., Maharaj, Shobha S., Adams, Dennis, Harris, Stephen A., Filer, Denis L. & Hawthorne, William D., 2016, An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical ‘ hotspots’, Phytotaxa 250 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

COMMELINACEAE

Aneilema umbrosum (Vahl) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 4: 71 (1843) Exotic.

Callisia repens L., Sp. Pl. (ed. 2.) 1: 62 (1762) Exotic.

Commelina diffusa Burm.f., Fl. Ind. 18 (1768) Syn: Commelina longicaulis Jacq. ; Commelina nudiflora Burm.f. Habit : Herb. Habitat: Roadsides and damp waste places. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast; Scarborough-Plymouth; Trinidad: Caroni; Nariva; Princes Town. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 5: 6% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 10% RBS samples); Swamp/ marsh (Vegnum 11: 23% RBS samples); Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Plymouth, Baksh 227 (TRIN); Roxborough to Main Ridge Road, Clement & Ryves 327 (BM). TRINIDAD: San Juan, Rankin 295 (K); St. Augustine, Simmonds 51 (K, TRIN 13829), Dingle 43 (TRIN), Dingle 50 (TRIN); Oropuche Lagoon, Britton et al. 1137 (GH, K, NY). Global range: Widespread in the subtropics and tropics.

Commelina erecta L., Sp. Pl. 1: 41 (1753) Syn: Commelina elegans Kunth ; Commelina elegans Kunth Common Name : Common Dayflower, Dayflower, French Weed, Herbe Grasse, Pond Grass, Water Grass, Zeb Gwa. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, waste places and seashore. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: SW Coastal; TRINIDAD: Caroni; Princes Town; SW Erin-Guapo; San Fernando. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 5: 6% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 10% RBS samples; Vegnum 8: 40% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 8% RBS samples); Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Bacolet, Eggers 5573 (K); point opposite Melville Island, Freeman & Williams s.n. (TRIN 11431). TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Crueger s.n. (K), Broadway s.n. (TRIN 10517), Johnson 900 (TRIN 32768); Point Gourde, Philcox 8082 (K); San Juan, Johnston 74 (GH, K); St. Joseph, Williams s.n. (TRIN 12207), Purseglove P6028 (K); St. Augustine, Cruikshank et al. s.n. (TRIN 20343); Blanchisseuse, Wong 40A (TRIN 19329); Caura Road, Adams 13991 (K, TRIN 21587); Lopinot Road, Adams 13768 (K, TRIN 21245); near Talparo, Simmonds 179 (TRIN 13830); Cocal Road, Philcox et al. 8041 (K, TRIN). Global range: Widespread in the subtropics and tropics.

Commelina obliqua Vahl, Enum. Pl. 2: 172 (1805) Syn.: Commelina persicariifolia sensu Griseb. non Delile, Commelina robusta Kunth Habit : Herb. Habitat: Moist lowland forest. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Southern Watershed; SW Icacos-Cedros. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 5: 11% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Maracas Falls, Crueger 59 (TRIN 473), Broadway 6781 (K), Simmonds 52 (K, TRIN 13828). Global range: Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina.

Commelina rufipes Seub. var. glabrata (D.R.Hunt) Faden & D.R.Hunt, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 74: 122 (1987) Syn: Anthyrocarpus persicariifolius (DC.) Hemsl. ; Commelina persicariifolia Griseb. ; Commelinopsis glabrata D.R.Hunt ; Commelinopsis persicariifolia (DC.) Pichon ; Phaeosphaerion persicariifolium C.B.Clarke Habit : Herb. Habitat: Forest paths, riparian forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Arena-Cumuto; Nariva. RBS Vegetation Classes: Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 14% RBS samples; Vegnum 12: 33% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Without locality, Greg s.n. (BM). TRINIDAD: Maraval, Baptiste s.n. (TRIN 5422); Tucuche, Freeman & Williams s.n. (TRIN 10091); between Piedra Blanca and Naranja, Simmonds 76 (TRIN 14065), Simmonds s.n. (TRIN 15725); Mt. Aripo, Simmonds 229 (K, TRIN 14020); Arena Forest Reserve, Pena s.n. (K, TRIN 15375); Irois Forest, Williams s.n. (K, TRIN 11925). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, southern Mexico, Central America, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia.

Dichorisandra hexandra (Aubl.) Standl., Lista Pl. Salvador 48 (1925) Syn: Dichorisandra aubletiana Schult. &

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Schult.f. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland to montane forest, savanna and forest margins. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: SW Coastal; TRINIDAD: Maracas-Tucuche; Southern Watershed; Tabaquite-Brickfield; Trinity Hills. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 3% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 11% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 8: 20% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Maqueripe, Fredholm s.n. (TRIN); Dibi Valley, Broadway & Urich s.n. (NY, TRIN 4768); Maraval, Crueger s.n. (TRIN 475), Baptiste s.n. (TRIN 5445); Santa Cruz Valley, Freeman s.n. (NY, TRIN 11209); Laventilles, Broadway 7736 (BM); Tucuche, Friend 41 (NY); Maracas, Crueger s.n. (TRIN 470), Dannouse s.n. (K, TRIN 6756); Caroni South Bank Road, Cheesman & Baker 375 (TRIN 13688); near Siparia Quarry, Dale s.n. (TRIN 13777); Mausica Savanna, Webster 9893 (TRIN 19271); San Rafael, Simmonds 169 (K, TRIN 13832); San Jose Estate, Wood s.n. (TRIN 9404); San Fernando, Finlay s.n. (TRIN 1988); Southern Watershed Reserve, Marshall s.n. (TRIN 12237), Simmonds 431 (K, TRIN 14483). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, southern Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay.

Dichorisandra thyrsiflora J.C.Mikan, Del. Fl. & Faun. Bras. 1: t.3 (1820) Exotic.

Gibasis geniculata (Jacq.) Rohweder, Abh. Auslandsk., Reihe C, Naturwiss. 18: 143 (1956) Syn: Aneilema geniculata (Jacq.) Woodson ; Tradescantia geniculata Jacq. Habit : Herb. Habitat: Forest paths and shady banks. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: Scarborough-Plymouth; TRINIDAD: Arima-Blanchisseuse Rd N; SW Erin-Guapo. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 2% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 1% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 3% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Mason Hall, Broadway 4394 (BM, E, GH), Broadway 4654 (BM, K); Roxborough-Parlatuvier Road, Sandwith 1919 (K, NY); Pigeon Hill, Cowan & Forster s.n. (TRIN 16277). TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Finlay s.n. (NY, TRIN 1989), Comeau 1379 (TRIN 32233); Staubles to Teteron Bay, Williams s.n. (TRIN 11661); Maraval, Alexander s.n. (TRIN 5421); Maracas, Crueger s.n. (K, TRIN 465); Ortinola Trail, Britton & Hazen 257 (GH, K, NY, TRIN), Freeman & Britton s.n. (TRIN 9108), Simmonds 59 (K, TRIN 13826), Adams 14063 (K, TRIN 21585); Maracas, Broadway s.n. (BM); Arima Valley Road, Cowan & Simmonds 1190 (GH, NY, TRIN 16123); Morne Bleu, Freeman s.n. (TRIN 9577); Aripo, Alexander s.n. (TRIN 6272); Oropuche Cave, Simmonds 268 (TRIN 14171); Oropuche Local Road, Broadway 6267 (BM, K); San Juan Estate, Simmonds 75 (TRIN 13825); Mayaro, Finlay s.n. (TRIN 1990); Moruga, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 7594); Las Hermanas, Simmonds s.n. (K, NY, TRIN 15483). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, United States (Missouri), southern Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina.

Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan, Kew Bull. 189 (1952) Exotic.

Palisota bracteosa C.B.Clarke, Monogr. Phan. 3: 133 (1881) Exotic.

Tinantia sprucei C.B.Clarke, Monogr. Phan. 3: 287 (1881) Habit: Herb. Habitat: Damp roadsides in semi-shade. IUCN: NE. Star: BU. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: St. Anns, Freeman s.n. (TRIN 7987); Belmont, Broadway 2790 (BM); Ortinola, Adams 14553 (K); St. Augustine, Simmonds 404 (K, TRIN 14429); Arima, Dannouse s.n. (NY, TRIN). Global range: Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil.

Tradescantia pallida (Rose) D.R.Hunt, Kew Bull. 30: 452 (1975) Exotic.

Tradescantia spathacea Sw., Prodr. 57 (1788) Syn: Rhoeo discolor (L'Hér.) Hance ex Walp. ; Rhoeo spathacea (Sw.) Stearn ; Tradescantia discolor L'Hér. Exotic.

Tradescantia zanonia (L.) Sw., Prodr. 57 (1788) Syn: Campelina zanonia (L.) Kunth; Commelina zanonia L. Habit : Herb. Habitat: Submontane forest. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Aripo Heights, Broadway s.n. (K, NY, TRIN 9922), Broadway s.n. (TRIN 10518), Bruins-Lich s.n. (TRIN 13003), Simmonds 66 (K, TRIN 13827), Webster & Miller 9729 (TRIN 19234). Global range: Greater Antilles, United States (Missouri), southern Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.

Tradescantia zebrina Bosse., Vollständ. Handb. Blumeng. 4: 655 (1846) Syn: Tradescantia pendula (Schinzl.) D.R.Hunt ; Zebrina pendula Schnizl. Common Name : Cockroach Grass, Zeb Wavet. Exotic.

Tripogandra glandulosa (Seub.) Rohweder, Abh. Auslandsk., Reihe C, Naturwiss. 18: 156 (1956) Syn:

CHECKLIST TO VASCULAR PLANTS OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

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Tradescantia glandulosa Seub. ; Tradescantia umbellata sensu Griseb. Exotic.

Tripogandra multiflora (Sw.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 16 (1837) Syn: Tradescantia multiflora Sw. ; Tradescantia multiflora Sw. var. tobagensis Urban Habit : Herb. Habitat: Damp, rocky places. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: near Cradley, Eggers 5693 (K); opposite Melville Island, Freeman & Williams s.n. (TRIN 11408); Mason Hall, Sandwith 1865 (K, NY); Speyside, Purseglove P6362 (K, TRIN 17423); Hillsborough Road, Philcox & Raynal 7919 (K, P, TRIN). Global range: Greater Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina.

Tripogandra serrulata (Vahl) Handlos, Baileya 17: 33 (1970) Syn: Commelina serrulata Vahl ; Tradescantia cumanensis Kunth ; Tradescantia elongata G.Mey. Habit : Herb. Habitat: Wet forest openings, damp banks and ditches. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Crueger s.n. (TRIN 469); St. Joseph, Williams s.n. (TRIN 12226); Arima Valley Road, Cowan & Simmonds 1180 (TRIN 16122); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Simmonds 49 (TRIN 13822); Valencia via Arima, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 8990); Heights of Oropouche, Simmonds 276 (TRIN 14172); Sangre Grande , Laurence s.n. (TRIN); Guaico-Tamana Road, Baker & Simmonds s.n. (TRIN 15005). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, United States (Missouri), southern Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Ecuador, Peru.