BORAGINACEAE

Baksh-Comeau, Yasmin S., Maharaj, Shobha S., Adams, Dennis, Harris, Stephen A., Filer, Denis L. & Hawthorne, William D., 2016, An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical ‘ hotspots’, Phytotaxa 250 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

BORAGINACEAE

Bourreria cumanensis (Loefl.) O.E.Schulz, Symb. Antill. 7: 48 (1911) Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Thickets. IUCN: NE. Star: BK. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Farrell s.n. (TRIN 32318), Comeau 1376 (BM, TRIN 32230), Johnson 774 (TRIN 32628). Global range: Lesser Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela.

Bourreria succulenta Jacq., Enum. Pl. Carib. 14 (1760) Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Mostly in dry woodland near the coast. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast. RBS Vegetation Classes: Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 20% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Little Tobago, Williams s.n. (TRIN 11444); Store Bay, sine coll. (TRIN 11691), Broadway 9166 (BM); Pigeon Point, sine coll. (TRIN 13724), Philcox & Raynal 7898 (K); Bacolet Bay, Howard 10455 (BM); Crown Point, Clement & Ryves 743 (BM). TRINIDAD: Maraval, Baptiste s.n. (TRIN 5860). Global range: Bahamas, Greater Antilles, Virgin islands, Lesser Antilles, United States (Missouri, Florida), Mexico, Central America, Venezuela.

Carmona microphylla (Lam.) G.Don, Gen. Hist. 3: 391 (1834) Syn: Ehretia buxifolia Roxb. Exotic.

Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Oken, Linnaea 8: 121 (1833) Syn: Cerdana alliodora Ruiz & Pav. Common name: Cyp, Cypre, Cypress, Satinwood, White Cypress. Habit : Tree. Habitat: Semi-evergreen, deciduous and lower montane forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: Scarborough-Plymouth; Trinidad: Maracas-Tucuche; Mt.St.Benedict-Caura; North Central Coast; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; Princes Town; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. PSP Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Arena-Cumuto; Rio Claro-Mayaro. MAT Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Grande Riviere-Matelot. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 7% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 19% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 20% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Gasparee, [Finlay s.n.] (Trin 1844); Port-of-Spain, Schwab 29 (TRIN 32102); St. Augustine, Richardson 882 (TRIN 15956); Curepe, Maxwell s.n. (TRIN 31479); Heights of Aripo, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 9845); St. Anns, Williams s.n. (TRIN 11515), Broadway s.n. (TRIN 10147). Global range: Greater Antilles, Virgin Islands, Lesser Antilles, United States (Missouri), Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina.

Cordia bicolor DC. , in DC. Prodr. 9: 485 (1845) Syn: Cordia lockhartii Kuntze ; Lithocardium lockartii Kuntze ;

CHECKLIST TO VASCULAR PLANTS OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

Phytotaxa 250 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 127 Lithocardium lockhartii Kuntze Common name: Bois Laylay, Laylay, Mapou, Mapoo Laylay, Soapseed. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forests, but nowhere common. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Arena-Cumuto; Arima Valley; Arima-Blanchisseuse Rd N; Aripo Heights; Brasso Seco; Catshill-Basse Terre; Central Range; Cumaca; Grande Riviere-Matelot ; Guanapo-Chaguaramal; Longdenville-Talparo; Matura-Salybia; Mt.St.Benedict-Caura; NW Peninsular Corner; Nariva; North Central Coast; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; Piarco-Arima; Rampanalgas-Toco; Rio Claro-Mayaro; SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros; San Fernando; Southern Watershed; Tabaquite-Brickfield; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 33% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 35% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 8% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 20% RBS samples); Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 57% RBS samples; Vegnum 12: 33% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 8% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: St. Anns, sine coll. (TRIN 587); O’Meara Savanna, sine coll. (TRIN 9555); Cumuto, sine coll. (TRIN 9218); Carmichael Road, Britton & Hazen 1926 (NY); La Brea , sine coll. (TRIN 8803); Moruga, sine coll. (TRIN 14574); Siparia, Britton & Broadway s.n. (TRIN 10429). Global range: Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia.

Cordia collococca L., Sp. Pl. (ed. 2.) 1: 274 (1762) Common name: Bird Lime, Bois Lay Lay, Clammy Cherry, Common Cherry, Manjack. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Thickets in dry areas, deciduous seasonal forest. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast; Little Tobago-St.Giles; NE Coast-Main Ridge F.R.; SW Coastal; Scarborough-Plymouth; TRINIDAD: Biche-Poole; Caroni; Catshill-Basse Terre; Central Range; Chaguanas-Couva; Longdenville-Talparo; Manzanilla-Fishing Pond; Matura-Salybia; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; Piarco-Arima; Princes Town; Rampanalgas-Toco; Rio Claro-Mayaro; SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros; San Fernando; Southern Watershed; Tabaquite-Brickfield; Trinity Hills. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 20% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 64% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 20% RBS samples; Vegnum 7: 30% RBS samples; Vegnum 8: 60% RBS samples); Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 29% RBS samples; Vegnum 12: 33% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 10: 33% RBS samples; Vegnum 11 31% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Montserin s.n. (TRIN 13647). TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Britton et al. 2692 (GH), Johnson 931 (TRIN 32884). Global range: Greater Antilles, Virgin Islands, Lesser Antilles, United States (Missouri), Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.

Cordia curassavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. 4: 460 (1819) Syn: Cordia curassavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult. var. platyphylla (Kuntze) J.R.Johnst. ; Cordia macrostachya (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult. ; Lithocardium cylindrostachyum Kuntze var. platyphyllum Kuntze Common name: Black Sage, Shining Bush, Wild Sage. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Secondary growth, disturbed areas, abandoned land and subclimax savannas; common in association with mud volcanoes. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast; Scarborough-Plymouth; TRINIDAD: Arima-Blanchisseuse Rd N; Caroni; Central Range; Chacachacare; Chaguanas-Couva; Longdenville-Talparo; Matura-Salybia; Monos; Mt.St.Benedict-Caura; NW Peninsular Corner; Nariva; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; Piarco-Arima; Point Radix; Princes Town; Rampanalgas-Toco; Rio Claro-Mayaro; SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros; San Fernando; Sangre Grande-Valencia-Orop.; Southern Watershed; Tabaquite-Brickfield; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. RBS Vegetation Classes: (Sub-)Montane forest (Vegnum 1: 13% RBS samples); Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 5% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 15% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 39% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 30% RBS samples; Vegnum 7: 80% RBS samples; Vegnum 8: 20% RBS samples); Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 43% RBS samples; Vegnum 12: 67% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 69% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Orange Hill, sine coll. (TRIN 14764); Government Farm, sine coll. (TRIN 14765). TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Cowan 1104 (TRIN 16033), Comeau 1363 (TRIN 32217); Monos, Howard 10406 (BM); Woodbrook, Broadway s.n. (BM); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Riley 68 (BM); Quare Road, Broadway 6052 (BM); Balandra Bay, sine coll. (TRIN 10430); Piarco Savanna, Lunt s.n. (TRIN 6034); Waller Field, Adams 13619 (TRIN); Tamana, Ewan 17025 (BM); Pointe-a-Pierre, sine coll. (TRIN 7838); San Fernando, sine coll. (TRIN 1846); Palo Seco, Broadway s.n. (BM); Cedros, sine coll. (TRIN 7215). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Peru, Paraguay, Bolivia, Argentina.

Cordia dentata Poir. , in Lamarck, Encycl. Meth., Bot. 7: 48 (1806) Exotic.

Cordia grandiflora (Desv.) Kunth , Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 77 (1818) Exotic.

Cordia myxa L., Sp. Pl. 190 (1753) Exotic.

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Cordia obliqua Willd., Phytographia 4 (1794) Exotic.

Cordia panamensis Riley, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1927: 125 (1927) Syn: Cordia sulcata DC. Common name: Bois Laylay, Hairy Bois Laylay, Hairy Laylay, Hairy Lele, Mapoo, Mapoo Laylay, Soapseed. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Central Range; Gasparee; Longdenville-Talparo; Mt.St.Benedict-Caura; NW Peninsular Corner; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; Point Radix; Rio Claro-Mayaro; SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros; Southern Watershed; Trinity Hills. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 12% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 22% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 10% RBS samples; Vegnum 7: 10% RBS samples); Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 14% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Without locality, Eggers 5590 (GH). TRINIDAD: Monos, sine coll. (TRIN 1843); Maracas, sine coll. (TRIN 1843); Maracas Bay, Dannouse s.n. (TRIN 6749); Arima, Dannouse s.n. (TRIN 8986); Cumaca Road, sine coll. (TRIN 14577); St. Patrick, Dardaine s.n. (TRIN 11588); Southern Watershed Reserve, Russell s.n. (TRIN 12262); Quinam, Southern Range, sine coll. (TRIN 12186), Williams s.n. (TRIN 14458); Erin, sine coll. (TRIN 14496). Global range: United States (Missouri), Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela.

Cordia schomburgkii DC. , in DC, Prodr. 9: 490 (1845) Syn: Cordia tobagensis Urban ; Cordia tobagensis Urban var. broadwayi Urban Habit : Shrub. Habitat: Open shrubland. IUCN: NE. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: NE Coast-Main Ridge F.R.; TRINIDAD: Southern Watershed. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 2% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 3% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Roxbrough Bloodybay Road, Purseglove 6331 (TRIN 17394); Mason Hall, Williams s.n. (TRIN 1140); Mt. St. George, Castara, Baker s.n. (TRIN 15301), Cheesman s.n. (TRIN 13208); Roxbrough, Parlatuvier, Webster s.n. (TRIN 28637); Hillsborough Dam Road, Adams & Baksh 521 (TRIN 29589). Global range: Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil.

Cordia sebestena L., Sp. Pl. 190 (1753) Syn: Sebesten sebestana (L.) Britton Exotic.

Cordia sericicalyx DC. , in DC., Prodr. (DC.) 9: 485 (1845) Syn: Cordia ierensis Britton Common name: Bois Laylay, Laylay, Mapou, Mapoo, Mapoo Laylay, Soapseed. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Lower montane and montane forests. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast; NE Coast-Main Ridge F.R.; Scarborough-Plymouth; TRINIDAD: Arima-Blanchisseuse Rd N; Brasso Seco; Catshill-Basse Terre; Cumaca; Grande Riviere-Matelot ; Longdenville-Talparo; Maracas-Tucuche; Monos; NW Peninsular Corner; SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros; Trinity Hills; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. NEL Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Aripo Heights. MAT Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Matura-Salybia. RBS Vegetation Classes: (Sub-)Montane forest (Vegnum 1: 38% RBS samples); Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 11% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 16% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 6% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 20% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Maraval, sine coll. (TRIN 4533); St. Anns, [Crueger s.n.] (TRIN 1848); Tucuche, Britton et al. 1344 (GH, NY), Britton & Freeman s.n. (TRIN 9094), Williams s.n. (TRIN 11016); Maracas, sine coll. (TRIN 588); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, 14- 15 m.p., Marshall s.n. (TRIN 12882); Morne Bleu, sine coll. (TRIN 9604), Britton et al. 2277 (GH, NY, TRIN). Global range: Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, Brazil.

Ehretia tinifolia L., Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 2: 936 (1759) Exotic.

Heliotropium angiospermum Murray, Prod. Stirp. Gotting. 217 (1770) Syn: Heliotropium parviflorum L.; Schobera angiosperma (Murray) Scop. Common name: White Clary. Habit : Herb. Habitat: Waste and cultivated ground. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: SW Coastal. RBS Vegetation Classes: Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 8: 40% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Store Bay, sine coll. (TRIN 11167); Crown Point, Clement & Ryves 98 (BM). TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Philcox & Olivier 7987 (TRIN 22817); Western Road, sine coll. (TRIN 13289); Teteron Bay, sine coll. (TRIN 13470); Belmont, sine coll. (TRIN 4995); Laventille, sine coll. (TRIN 583); St. Joseph, sine coll. (TRIN 4723). Global range: Subtropical and tropical Americas.

Heliotropium filiforme Lehm., Gött. Gel. Anz. 152: 1515 (1817) Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet soil along streams in savannas. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Icacos, sine coll. (TRIN 1852). Global range: Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina.

Heliotropium indicum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 130 (1753) Syn: Tiaridium indicum (L.) Lehm. Common Name: Bright Eye,

CHECKLIST TO VASCULAR PLANTS OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

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Eye-Bright, Fedogoso, Scorpion Bush, Scorpion Weed, Veven Lache-Eskupyon. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Weed of disturbed areas. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Caroni; Chaguanas-Couva; Nariva; Princes Town. RBS Vegetation Classes: Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 46% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Beausejour Road to Blue Basin, sine coll. (TRIN 7732); St. Anns, sine coll. (TRIN 589); St. Clair, sine coll. (TRIN 3589); San Juan, Adams 13672 (TRIN); Chaguanas, sine coll. (TRIN 3713); Cedros, King s.n. (TRIN 7280). Global range: Pantropical distribution.

Heliotropium lagoense (Warm.) Gürke , in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4: 97 (1893) Syn: Heliotropium trinitensis Urban Habit : Herb. Habitat: Open savanna in damp soil. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Piarco Savanna, Lunt s.n. (TRIN 6030), Cheesman s.n. (TRIN 13375). Global range: Greater Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Venezuela, Surinam, Brazil, Bolivia.

Heliotropium procumbens Mill., Gard. Dict. (ed. 8) Heliotropium no. 10 (1768) Syn: Heliotropium inundatum Sw. Habit : Herb. Habitat: Wet or moist open situations, at times weedy in waste and cultivated grounds. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Chaguanas-Couva. RBS Vegetation Classes: Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 8% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: I.C.T.A., S. Hosein s.n (TRIN 20518), Cruickshank et al. s.n (TRIN 20329), Purseglove p.6103 (TRIN 15588); Carenage, Alexander s.n (TRIN 5596); St. Clair, Broadway s.n (TRIN 3576); St. Anns, Broadway s.n (TRIN 9442). Global range: Bahamas, Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, United States (Arizona, Louisiana, Florida), Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Guyana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay.

Myosotis scorpioides L., Sp. Pl. 131 (1753) Exotic.

Tournefortia bicolor Sw., Prodr. 40 (1788) Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Thickets. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Vegetation Classes: Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Lambeau Hill, Sandwith 1643 (K); Tobago Forest Reserve to Bloody Bay Road, Clement & Ryves 477 (BM); above Speyside, Clement & Ryves 591 (BM). Global range: Greater Antilles, Virgin Islands, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Paraguay.

Tournefortia cuspidata Kunth , Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 83 (1818) Syn: Tournefortia obscura A.DC. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Roadside bush or on low seashore cliffs. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 8% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 3% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 10% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Cap de Ville, sine coll. (TRIN 14205); Irois forest, sine coll. (TRIN 12046); Cedros, sine coll. (TRIN 9407). Global range: Greater Antilles, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.

Tournefortia hirsutissima L., Sp. Pl. 1: 140 (1753) Common Name: Cattle Tongue Greasy Bush, Jigger Bush, Rough Bush. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Thickets. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: NE Coast-Main Ridge F.R.; Scarborough-Plymouth; TRINIDAD: Central Range; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; Princes Town; Rampanalgas-Toco; SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros; San Fernando; Southern Watershed; Tabaquite-Brickfield; Trinity Hills. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 8% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 36% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 7: 10% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Louis d’Or, sine coll. (K, TRIN 11837); Sandy River valley, Sandwith 1685 (K). TRINIDAD: Chaguaramas, sine coll. (TRIN 3817); Woodbrook, Broadway 5845 (BM); Belmont, sine coll. (TRIN 3865); Laventille, sine coll. (TRIN 582); Maraval, sine coll. (TRIN 4229); Mt. Aripo, sine coll. (TRIN 14446); Moruga, Adams 14146 (TRIN); Morne Diablo, sine coll. (TRIN 12036); Palo Seco, sine coll. (TRIN 10879). Global range: Greater Antilles, Virgin Islands, Lesser Antilles, United States (Missouri, Florida), Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Ecuador, Peru.

Tournefortia maculata Jacq., Enum. Pl. Carib. 14 (1760) Syn: Tournefortia peruviana Poir. ; Tournefortia syringifolia Vahl Habit : Shrub. Habitat: Thickets. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Gilpin Road, Parlatuvier, Broadway 4606 (BM, GH). TRINIDAD: St. Anns, Broadway 4606 (GH), Broadway 6389 (BM, GH). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, United States (Missouri), Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.

Tournefortia subsessilis Cham., Linnaea 8: 119 (1833) Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Near the sea. Star: BU. Vouchers

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(selected): TRINIDAD: Balandra Bay, sine coll. (TRIN 10431), Broadway 9331, (BM, GH); Toco Road, sine coll. (TRIN 13735). Global range: Brazil.

Tournefortia volubilis L., Sp. Pl. 140 (1753) Syn: Tournefortia caribaea Griseb. ; Tournefortia ferruginea Lam. ; Tournefortia tomentosa Mill. ; Tournefortia trinitatis L. Riley Habit : Climber. Habitat: Thickets. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Cullodon, Broadway 3665 (BM). TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 1858); St. Anns, sine coll. (TRIN 594); Chancellor Road, Broadway s.n. (BM); St. Joseph, sine coll. (TRIN 14462); Four Roads, Riley 210 (BM). Global range: Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, United States (Florida), Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, Peru.