URTICACEAE

Baksh-Comeau, Yasmin S., Maharaj, Shobha S., Adams, Dennis, Harris, Stephen A., Filer, Denis L. & Hawthorne, William D., 2016, An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago with analysis of vegetation types and botanical ‘ hotspots’, Phytotaxa 250 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

URTICACEAE

Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw., Prodr. 34 (1788) Syn: Urtica cylindrica L. Habit : Shrub. Habitat: Swamps. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Nariva Swamp, Adams 14368 (NY, TRIN). Global range: Widespread in Central and South America and the Carribbean.

Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., Bot. Beechey Voy. 5: 214 (1837) Exotic.

Boehmeria ramiflora Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl. 31 (1760) Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Streamsides, pathsides and disturbed areas. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Central Range. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 1% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Pigeon Hill, Sandwith 1804 (K). TRINIDAD: Morne Catherine, Adams 14612 (TRIN); Diego Martin, Broadway 9276 (BM, NY); Port of Spain, Fountaine s.n. (BM); Maraval Valley, Finlay s.n. (TRIN 2794); L’Orange Road, Broadway 5498 (BM, K, S, UC); Aripo Road, Broadway 9215 (BM, G, K), Baker s.n. (TRIN 14150); Aripo Heights, Broadway s.n. (K, TRIN 9876), Cowan 1363 (TRIN); Cedros, King s.n. (TRIN 7126). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Surinam, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru.

Cecropia peltata L., Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 2: 1286 (1759) Syn: Cecropia arachnoidea Pittier ; Cecropia asperrima Pittier ; Cecropia surinamensis Miq. Common name: Bois Canon, Bois Canot, Imbauba, Trumpet, Trumpet Bush, Trumpet Tree, Trumpet Wood. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Seasonal, marsh and lower montane forests and marsh forest, palm islands in savanna. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: E Coast; Little Tobago-St.Giles; NE Coast-Main Ridge F.R.; Scarborough-Plymouth; TRINIDAD: Arena-Cumuto; Arima Valley; Arima-Blanchisseuse Rd N; Aripo Heights; Biche-Poole; Catshill-Basse Terre; Central Range; Chaguanas-Couva; Cumaca; Grande Riviere-Matelot ; Guanapo-Chaguaramal; Longdenville-Talparo; Maracas-Tucuche; Matura-Salybia; Monos; Mt.St.Benedict-Caura; NW Peninsular Corner; Nariva; North Central Coast; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; Point Radix; Princes Town; Rampanalgas-Toco; Rio Claro-Mayaro; SW Erin-Guapo; SW Icacos-Cedros; San Fernando; Southern Watershed; Tabaquite-Brickfield; Trinity Hills; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. PSP Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Manzanilla-Fishing Pond; Sangre Grande-Valencia-Orop. RBS Vegetation Classes: (Sub-)Montane forest (Vegnum 2: 13% RBS samples); Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 35% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 69% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 69% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 30% RBS samples; Vegnum 7: 80% RBS samples); Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 29% RBS samples); Swamp/marsh (Vegnum 11: 31% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Chacachacare, Johnson 871 (TRIN 32738); Morne Coco Road, Freeman s.n. (TRIN 9376); Maraval, Warming s.n. (C); Caura Royal Road, Berg 978 (TRIN, U); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Berg 984 (TRIN, U); Aripo Savanna, Richardson 683 (TRIN 17914); Tamana, Broadway s.n. (TRIN); Central Range, Marshall s.n. (TRIN 11591); San Fernando Hill, [Finlay s.n.] (TRIN 2790). Global range: Greater Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil.

Cecropia schreberiana Miq., Fl. Bras. 4: 150 (1853) Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest. IUCN: NE. Star: GD. RBS Distribution Plots: TOBAGO: NE Coast-Main Ridge F.R.; Scarborough-Plymouth; TRINIDAD: Biche-Poole; Longdenville-Talparo; Nariva; North Central Coast; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 3: 6% RBS samples; Vegnum 4: 4% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 3% RBS samples); Savanna/plantation (Vegnum 9: 14% RBS samples; Vegnum 12: 33% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Roxborough-Parlatuvier Road, Homer s.n. (TRIN). Global range: Greater Antilles, Virgin Islands, Lesser Antilles.

Laportea aestuans (L.) Chew, Gard. Bull. Singapore 21: 200 (1965) Syn: Fleurya aestuans (L.) Gaudich. ex Miq.; Urtica aestuans L. Common name: Red Stinging Nettle, Scratch Bush, Stinging Nettle, Waritote, White Scratch

CHECKLIST TO VASCULAR PLANTS OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

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Bush, White Stinging Nettle, Zooti. Habit : Herb. Habitat: Disturbed areas. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Central Range; Grande Riviere-Matelot ; Monos; Princes Town. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 3% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 3% RBS samples); Dry lowland forest (Vegnum 6: 10% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Scarborough, Eggers 5582 (K); Great Dog River Valley, Sandwith 1736 (K). TRINIDAD: Redhead to Saut Bay Road, Philcox 7533 (K), Philcox et al. 7528 (K, P, TRIN); Woodbrook, Broadway 5304 (BM); St. Anns, Broadway 5550 (BM, K); Dry River, Alexander s.n. (TRIN 5676); St. Joseph, Purseglove P6184 (K, TRIN); St. Augustine, Purseglove P6203 (K, TRIN); Tunapuna, Adams 13790 (TRIN); Caura Road, Broadway 6956 (BM, K); Tabaquite, Jermy 3067 (BM). Global range: Widespread in subtropics and tropics.

Phenax sonneratii (Poir.) Wedd. , in DC., Prodr. 16: 235 (1869) Syn: Parietaria sonneratii Poir. ; Phenax vulgaris Wedd. Exotic.

Pilea cadierei Gagnep. & Guillaumin, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Paris , sér. 2, 10: 629 (1938) Exotic.

Pilea inaequalis (Juss. ex Poir.) Wedd., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 18: 229 (1852) Syn: Pilea tenuicaulis Urban ; Urtica inaequalis Juss. ex Poir. Habit : Herb. Habitat: On rocks in streams, damp banks in deep shade. IUCN: NE. Star: GD. Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Caledonia, Sandwith 1725 (K); Mason Hall, Broadway 4488 (K, TRIN); Great Courland River, Eggers 5951 (K, P); Parlatuvier, Broadway s.n. (K, TRIN 4598); between Parlatuvier and Bloody Bay, Broadway 4275 (BM); Charlotteville, Freeman & Williams s.n. (TRIN 11400). TRINIDAD: Diego Martin, Broadway 9268 (BM); Santa Cruz, Broadway 6785 (K); Coblenz, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 3934); Belmont Hill, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 4994); Maracas Falls, Sandwith 998 (K), Finlay s.n. (TRIN 2801), Philcox & Wood 7456 (K, TRIN), Philcox & Andrews 7752 (K, P, TRIN), Raynal 15616 (K, P, TRIN); San Jose, Broadway 5311 (K); Mt. St. Benedict, Philcox 7024 (K, TRIN); Caura River Valley, Britton & Hazen 1205 (K); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Philcox & Kalloo 7952 (K, P, TRIN); Guanapo Heights Road, Adams 13351 (TRIN); Aripo Heights, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 9875); Quare River, Broadway 6841 (BM, K); San Fernando, Finlay s.n. (TRIN 2788). Global range: Greater Antilles, Virgin Islands, Lesser Antilles.

Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm., Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. ser. 5, 2: 296, 302 (1851) Syn: Parietaria microphylla L.; Pilea aripoensis Britton Common name: Artillery Plant, Diten Bethelmy, Smoke Plant. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet, dark banks and rocks. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Fort George, Eggers 5653 (K); Orange Hill, Broadway 4248 (BM); Mason Hall, Broadway 4522 (BM, P); Sandy Point, Williams s.n. (TRIN 11820); Sandy River valley, Sandwith 1682 (K); road to Hillsborough Dam, Philcox 7032 (K); Speyside, Tuley s.n. (TRIN 15239); point opposite Melville Island, Freeman & Williams s.n. (TRIN 11402); Great Courland River, Freeman s.n. (TRIN 10969). TRINIDAD: Diego Martin, Broadway 9280 (BM, K); Point Gourde, Philcox & Andrews 7655 (K, TRIN); Belmont Hill, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 4057); Maracas, Druce s.n. (OXF); Maracas Falls, Philcox & Andrews 7749 (K); St. Joseph, Philcox & Andrews 7709 (K, TRIN); St. Augustine, Baker s.n. (TRIN 14820), Simmonds 282 (TRIN); Guanapo Heights Road, Philcox 7817 (K, TRIN); Aripo Heights, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 10008); Aripo Heights Road, Philcox et al. 7394 (K, TRIN); Quare River Valley, Rogers s.n. (BM); Hollis Reservoir, Adams 13577 (TRIN); Oropuche Cave, Baker s.n. (TRIN 14781). Global range: Widespread in Central and South America and the Caribbean.

Pilea nummulariifolia (Sw.) Wedd., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 18: 225 (1852) Exotic.

Pilea ovalis Griseb., Fl. Brit. W.I. 158 (1859) Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed areas. IUCN: NE. Star:BK. Vouchers (selected): TRINIDAD: Staubles to Teteron Bay, Williams s.n. (TRIN 11662); Gasparee, Crueger s.n. (K); Maracas Falls, Sandwith 999 (K). Global range: St. Vincent and Grenada.

Pilea tobagensis Urban, Symb. Antill. 5: 316 (1907) Habit: Herb. Habitat: Shady areas. IUCN: VU. Star: BK. Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Little Tobago, Chaboo s.n. (TRIN); Parlatuvier-Roxborough Trace, Cowan 1500 (TRIN). Global range: Endemic to Tobago.

Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. ex Wedd., Voy. Uranie, Bot. 497 (1830) Syn: Urtica baccifera L. Common name: Scratch Bush, Stinging Nettle. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Shady banks. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Catshill-Basse Terre; Princes Town; SW Erin-Guapo; Southern Watershed; Tabaquite-Brickfield. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 9% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 11% RBS

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samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Cradley, Eggers 5727 (K); Between Parlatuvier and Bloody Bay, Sandwith 1889 (K); Tobago Forest Reserve to Bloody Bay Road, Clement & Ryves 483 (BM). TRINIDAD: Maracas, Broadway 6127 (BM, K); Dibi Valley, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 4777); Moruga, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 7602). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.

Urera caracasana (Jacq.) Gaudich. ex Griseb., Fl. Brit. W.I. 154 (1859) Syn: Urtica caracasana Jacq. Common name: Scratch Bush, Stinging Nettle. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Thickets in forest areas and roadsides, wooded slopes. IUCN: LC. Star: GN. RBS Distribution Plots: TRINIDAD: Longdenville-Talparo; P.O.S.-Santa Cruz; SW Icacos-Cedros; Tucker-Mt.Catherine. RBS Vegetation Classes: Moist lowland forest (Vegnum 4: 5% RBS samples; Vegnum 5: 3% RBS samples). Vouchers (selected): TOBAGO: Castara, Broadway 4027 (BM); Mt. St. George-Castara Road, Baker s.n. (TRIN 15324); Roxborough-Parlatuvier Road, Sandwith 1765 (K). TRINIDAD: Diego Martin, sine coll. (TRIN); Tucuche, Richardson 738 (K, TRIN); Saddle to Piedra Blanca, Adams 13694 (K, TRIN); Maracas Bay, Williams et al. s.n. (TRIN 11235); Maracas, Crueger s.n. (K, TRIN 362); Maracas Falls, Williams s.n. (TRIN); Arima-Blanchisseuse Road, Philcox & Stoelzel 8402 (K); Chaguanas, Finlay s.n. (TRIN 2796); Tabaquite, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 8734); San Fernando Hill, Finlay s.n. (TRIN 2804); Erin, Broadway s.n. (TRIN 7351). Global range: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, United States (Florida), Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.