Psechrus senoculatus Yin, Wang & Zhang, 1985

Bayer, Steffen, 2012, The lace-sheet-weavers — a long story (Araneae: Psechridae: Psechrus), Zootaxa 3379 (1), pp. 1-170 : 113-117

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3379.1.1

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D0272654-FFF0-5837-FF20-2BA8FDC1466D

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Psechrus senoculatus Yin, Wang & Zhang, 1985
status

 

Psechrus senoculatus Yin, Wang & Zhang, 1985 View in CoL

Figs 62a–d View FIGURES 62 , 63a–g View FIGURES 63 , 82q View FIGURES 82 , 86e View FIGURES 86 , 89g View FIGURES 89 , 92g View FIGURES 92 , 93b View FIGURES 93

Psechrus senoculata Yin, Wang & Zhang 1985: 21 , figs 2A–J (Description of ♂ and ♀, illustration of ♂ and ♀). [Holotype ♀ from CHINA: Hunan Province: Sangzhi; Y.J. Zhang leg. 21.IV.1984; HBI; Paratypes: 1 ♂ (SB 537), CHINA: Hunan Province: Daiyong, Zhangjiajian, Mt. Zhengjaijie; Y.J. Zhang leg. 20.IX.1984; HBI; 1 ♂, 1♀, CHINA: Zhejiang Province: Hangzhou, Huanglongdong; Z.F. Chen leg. 16.V.1983; HBI; 2 ♀♀ (one of which SB 538), CHINA: Hunan Province: Chengbu; X.C. Ouyang leg. VII.1982; HBI, one paratype ♂ (SB 537) and one paratype ♀ (SB 538) examined, holotype and remaining paratypes not available on request, thus not examined]. Song 1988: 133 (Syn. with P. mimus ). Feng 1990: 33, figs 8.1–5 (Description of ♂ and ♀, illustration of ♂ and ♀). Wang and Yin 2001: 330, 336, figs 19–23 (Description of ♂ and ♀, illustration of ♂ and ♀, removed from syn. with P. mimus ).

Note : The ♂ paratype SB 537 was originally designated as ‘ Allotype’ , a term which is not “vorgesehen” (intended, destined) by the ‘ International Code of Zoological Nomenclature’, which means the code strongly recommends avoiding its use. It definitely does not consitute a name-bearing type, thus herein it is regarded as paratype .

Psechrus argentatus View in CoL — Lendl 1898: 561, misidentified.

Psechrus mimus — Xu and Wang 1983: 35, figs 1–7 (Description of ♂ and ♀, illustration of ♂ and ♀). Song 1987: 68, fig. 34 (Illustration of ♂ and ♀). Chen and Zhang 1991: 40, figs 31.1–4 (Illustration of ♂ and ♀). Song et al. 1999: 397, figs 232E–F, Q–R (Illustration of ♂ and ♀). Wang and Yin 2001: 337 (Considered P. mimus as numen dubium).

Psechrus sinensis View in CoL — Hu 1984: 55, figs 50.1–4 (Description of ♂ and ♀, illustration of ♂ and ♀, misidentified). Chen and Gao 1990: 25, figs 27a–b (Description of ♂ and ♀, illustration of ♂ and ♀, misidentified).

Psechrus senoculatus View in CoL — Platnick 1989: 429 (Emendation). Zhang 2011: 106 (Photos of dorsal and ventral habitus of ♀). Zhu and Zhang 2011: 333, figs 241A–B (Description of ♀, illustration of ♀ in reproducing the respective figures in Wang and Yin [2001: 337, figs 22–23]).

Additional material examined (5 ♂♂, 15 ♀♀, 5 s.a. ♀♀, 1 s.a. ♂). CHINA: Shaanxi Province: Zhouzhi, Louguantai National Forest Park; X.P. Wang leg. VI.1991 ; 3 ♂♂ ( SB 1164–1166 ) , 3 ♀♀ ( SB 1167–1169 ), AMNH . Sichuan Province: Yachow ( Dazhou ?), 800–2400 m; D.C. Graham leg. V.1928; 1 s.a. ♀ ( SB 605 ), USNM. Mt. on the Shiao Shiang Fisa (Ziyang?), 1950–3300 m; D.C. Graham leg. 22.–23.VII.1928 ; 1 ♀ ( SB 178 ), USNM. Ya’an, Omihsien ( Mt. Omi ), ca. N°29°29'–29°35', E 102°44'–103°02', 1400–3100 m; IV.– 10.V.1915 ; Coll. Dr. Weigold; 1 ♀ ( SB 886 ), ZMB. Chunqing , Jinyunshan; X.P. Wang leg. 26.IX.1997 ; 1 ♀ ( SB1170 ), AMNH. Eimei, Eimei Shan, Wannian Temple , N 29°34'53'', E 103°22'56'', 1000 m; P. Jäger leg. by night 20.–21. III.1999 GoogleMaps ; 2 s.a. ♀♀ ( SB 840 , 842 ), 1 s.a . ♂ ( SB 841 ), SMF. Shuifu (forest beyond the river), ca. 300 m; D.C. Graham leg. V.1924 ; 1 ♀ ( SB 189 ), 1 s.a . ♀ ( SB 190 ), USNM. Same data as above but leg. 1923; 1 s.a . ♀ ( SB 604 ), USNM . Hubei Province: Wudangshan, from Zixiao to Nanya ; X.P. Wang leg. 23.IX.1997 ; 1 ♂ ( SB 1148 ) , 4 ♀♀ ( SB 1149 , 1171–1173 ), AMNH . Jiangsu Province: Nanjing ; leg. before 1928; S-No. 25 ; 1 ♀ ( SB 236 ), NHM 1928˙3˙16˙1–34 . Hunan Province: Linwu County, Nanqiang country, Dengjia , Wuming hole, N 25°26'22'', E 112°59'08.4'', 282 m; X. Xu, Z.Q. Zhou, X.P. Tan & X.G. Hu leg. 02.XI.2008 GoogleMaps ; 2 ♀♀ ( SB 9–10 ), SMF . Guizhou Province: Zunyi ; X.P. Wang leg. 22.IX.1997 ; 1 ♀ ( SB 1163 ), AMNH. Kaili; X.P. Wang leg. 03.X.1997 ; 1 ♂ ( SB 1174 ) , 1 ♀ ( SB 1175 ), AMNH .

Revised diagnosis (see also diagnosis for sinensis -group above). Males with hemispherical bulge at basal half of conductor (C) ( Fig. 62b View FIGURES 62 ). Dorsal part of embolus base (EB) platform-like ( Fig. 62b View FIGURES 62 ). Females with strongly elongated median septum (MS) (ca. 2 times longer than broad). The latter broadest in the anterior half ( Fig. 63a View FIGURES 63 ). Lateral margins of MS anteriorly not distinctly diverging like in P. jinggangensis (in many specimens even converging). Initial section of copulatory duct (CD) long and straight, central and distal section of CD including (constituting) a voluminous extension ( Fig. 63b View FIGURES 63 ).

Description. Male:

Body and eye measurements. Carapace length 7.2, carapace width 5.0, anterior width of carapace 3.0, opisthosoma length 9.2, opisthosoma width 4.2. Eyes: AME 0.36, ALE 0.41, PME 0.44, PLE 0.44, AME–AME 0.18, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.29, PME–PLE 0.40, AME–PME 0.58, ALE–PLE 0.52, clypeus height at AME 0.93, clypeus height at ALE 0.90.

Cheliceral furrow with three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth.

Measurements of palp and legs. Leg formula: 1243. Palp: 9.6 [3.3, 1.6, 1.2, 3.5]; Legs: I 62.6 [16.4, 3.1, 16.8, 18.2, 8.1], II 48.9 [13.3, 3.0, 12.7, 13.8, 6.1], III 32.7 [9.7, 2.3, 7.7, 8.9, 4.1], IV 48.7 [13.2, 2.7, 12.2, 14.3, 6.3].

Spination. Palp: 131, 000, 0000; legs: femur I 625{333}, II 526 {536}, III 535 , IV 534 ; patella I–IV 000; tibia I 3036{4036}, II 3036 {2023}, III 2022, IV 3034 ; metatarsus I 3037, II– III 3035 , IV 3037 .

Palpal femur ventrally modified with rounded bulge ( Fig. 62d View FIGURES 62 ).

Copulatory organ (see also diagnosis and general description for sinensis -group). Ventral part of EB dorsally serrated ( Fig. 62b View FIGURES 62 ). Sperm duct with transversal section in retrolateral half of T and with loop in prolateral half. Palpal tibia very short ( Figs 62a–c View FIGURES 62 ).

Female:

Body and eye measurements. Carapace length 6.0–7.6, carapace width 3.9–5.4, anterior width of carapace 2.6–3.5, opisthosoma length 7.5–11.8, opisthosoma width 2.8–6.3. Eyes: AME 0.31–0.37, ALE 0.37–0.41, PME 0.38–0.43, PLE 0.38–0.40, AME–AME 0.17–0.20, AME–ALE 0.08–0.11, PME–PME 0.20–0.28, PME–PLE 0.36–0.44, AME–PME 0.51–0.66, ALE–PLE 0.37–0.57, clypeus height at AME 0.59–0.83, clypeus height at ALE 0.58–0.81.

Cheliceral furrow with three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth.

Measurements of palp and legs. Leg formula: 1423. Palp: 7.5–9.2 [2.5–3.1, 1.1–1.2, 1.4–1.6, 2.5–3.3]; Legs: I 37.0–45.9 [10.2–12.5, 2.5–3.1, 10.4–13.1, 9.3–11.7, 4.6–5.5], II 29.4–36.6 [8.6–10.5, 2.2–2.8, 7.7–9.7, 7.1–9.3, 3.8–4.3], III 20.8–26.9 [6.3–8.0, 1.7–2.1, 5.1–6.3, 4.9–6.3, 2.8–3.2], IV 30.5–38.0 [8.9–10.9, 2.0–2.5, 7.9–10.1, 7.5–9.8, 4.2–4.7].

Palpal claw with 13–15 teeth.

Spination. Palp: 131, 110, 1101, 1014; legs (—except for patella— variable, only most common states noted): femur I 526 (536), II 526 (546), III 545 (555), IV 544 (554); patella I–IV 000; tibia I–II 3036 (4035), III 3036 (3024,3035), IV 3034; metatarsus I 3035 (3037), II 3035 (3025), III 3034 (2034), IV 3034 (3024).

Copulatory organ (see also diagnosis and general description of sinensis -group). Slit sense organs and epigynal muscle sigilla outside epigynal field (EF) ( Fig. 63a View FIGURES 63 ). Bulbous parts of CD broader than long ( Fig. 63b View FIGURES 63 ) and clearly larger than receptacula.

Primordial copulatory organ. Pre-epigyne: Similar to P. clavis sp. nov. in shape of pre-MS. The latter longer than broad and with (almost) parallel margins ( Fig. 63d View FIGURES 63 ). Distinguished by the even longer pre-MS ( Fig. 63d View FIGURES 63 ).

Pre-vulva: Similar to P. clavis sp. nov. Distinguished by the longer pre-CD ( Fig. 63e View FIGURES 63 ).

Colouration of male and female (see also description for sinensis -group and Psechrus ). Median bands on carapace not serrated. Lateral bands either absent or extremely narrow (if present, at most 0.3 diameter of PME) and not serrated. Light longitudinal line ventrally on opisthosoma mostly broken subdistally, rarely strongly constricted subdistally and medium-sized to broad. If measured centrally on opisthosoma, its width is slightly less than the width of one half of the cribellum (ca. 0.7–0.9 of one half of the cribellum). Distal part (patch) broader than main section.

Variation of copulatory organs. The females examined show a few variations in epigynal characters ( Figs 63a,g View FIGURES 63 , 89g View FIGURES 89 ). In vulvae the lengths of CD may vary ( Figs 63b,f View FIGURES 63 , 92g View FIGURES 92 ), as well as the shape of the bulbous sections of CD ( Figs 63b,f View FIGURES 63 , 92g View FIGURES 92 ).

Remarks: Song (1988) considered P. senoculatus as junior synonym of P. mimus Chamberlin, 1924 . Wang and Yin (2001) removed P. senoculatus from synonymy and considered P. mimus as nomen dubium. I concur with Wang and Yin (2001), but to this see also remark below under “Nomen dubium: P. mimus ”.

Lendl (1898) reported Psechrus argentatus from “China, Prov. Se-tschuen” [today: CHINA: Sichuan Prov.] and stated it was a juvenile specimen. Even though I have not checked the respective specimen, which is deposited in HNHM and was not available for the present study, there are no doubts that it once had been misidentified. To date P. argentatus had never been found outside Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. On the other hand, to date no other Psechrus species than P. senoculatus had been found in Sichuan province of China.

Zhang (2011, p. 106) showed photos of dorsal and ventral habitus of a female Psechrus he had identified as P. senoculatus . One should have in mind that an identification only by colouration is not possible as there are no differences to other Psechrus species out of the sinensis -group in this respect. Identification is only possible by checking the specific characters of the copulatory organs.

Distribution. China ( Fig. 96 View FIGURE 96 ).

SMF

Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Psechridae

Genus

Psechrus

Loc

Psechrus senoculatus Yin, Wang & Zhang, 1985

Bayer, Steffen 2012
2012
Loc

Psechrus senoculatus

Zhang, Z. S. 2011: 106
Zhu, M. S. & Zhang, B. S. 2011: 333
Wang, X. P. & Yin, C. M. 2001: 337
Platnick, N. I. 1989: 429
1989
Loc

Psechrus senoculata

Wang, X. P. & Yin, C. M. 2001: 330
Feng, Z. - Q. 1990: 33
Song, D. X. 1988: 133
Yin, C. M. & Wang, J. F. & Zhang, Y. J. 1985: 21
1985
Loc

Psechrus sinensis

Chen, X. E. & Gao, J. C. 1990: 25
Hu, J. L. 1984: 55
1984
Loc

Psechrus mimus

Wang, X. P. & Yin, C. M. 2001: 337
Song, D. X. & Zhu, M. S. & Chen, J. 1999: 397
Chen, Z. & Zhang, Z. 1991: 40
Song, D. X. 1987: 68
Xu, Y. L. & Wang, L. 1983: 35
1983
Loc

Psechrus argentatus

Lendl, A. 1898: 561
1898
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