Ledrini, Evans, 1947

Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L., 2009, Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186, Zootaxa 2186 (1), pp. 1-120 : 32-33

Key to selected genera of Ledrini

(not including Arenoledra Kuoh , Complanledra Cai , Destinia Nast , Destinoides Cai & He , Laticorona Cai , Midoria Kato , Paraconfucius Cai , Petalocephaloides Kato , Platyjassites Hamilton or Latycephala McKamey )

1a. Anterior portion of body, in lateral view, appearing flexed ventrad from point posterad of scutellum, (Pl. 6F_1), with dorsum of head, pronotum and scutellum essentially in the same plane; pronotum not especially declivous or humped (exception: Dusuna ), with extensions often produced laterally from dorsolateral margins (Pl. 1E-F, 2J, 3H- J, 4A-B; exception: Petalocephala, Pl. 3A-C); lateral area of crown immediately mesoposterad of eye and anterior to coronal hind margin deep; coronal hind margin posterad of eye not carinate (Pl. 7E_3); lateral margins of crown immediately in front of eyes usually parallel to convergent, but not divergent (as in Pl. 10A_1; Petalocephala genus group) ............................................................................................................................................................................ 2

1b. Anterior portion of body not flexed ventrad in lateral view, or only slightly so, with dorsum of head, pronotum and scutellum not appearing to be in same plane; pronotum often declivous or humped (Pl. 6B_1), without lateral extensions (exception: Eleazara ); lateral area of crown immediately mesoposterad of eye and anterior to coronal hind margin varying from narrow to moderately deep; coronal hind margin posterad of eye carinate or not; lateral margin of crown immediately in front of eyes usually parallel to divergent, but not convergent (Pl. 7D_1) .............. 6

2a. Pronotum without lateral extensions (Pl. 3A–C) .................................................................................... Petalocephala

2b. Pronotum with lateral extensions (Pl. 1E–F, 2J, 3H–J, 4A–B, 7E)............................................................................... 3

3a. Pronotal lateral extensions broad, with margins subtriangular and/or rounded (Pl. 1E–F, 3H–J, 7E) ......................... 4

3b. Pronotal lateral extensions broad, with margins triangular and acute (Pl. 2J, 4A–B) ................................................. 5

4a. Pronotum in lateral view distinctly declivous (Pl. 7E), forewing cells strongly depressed, forewing veins raised (Pl. 1E-F) .................................................................................................................................................................. Dusuna

4b. Pronotum in lateral view intermediately declivous to essentially flat, forewing cells not depressed, forewing veins not especially raised (Pl. 3H-J) .......................................................................................................................... Thlasia

5a. Lateral extensions of pronotum broad and well developed (Pl. 4A–B) ............................................................. Tituria

5b. Lateral extensions of pronotum narrow and not well developed (Pl. 2J) ...................................................... Neotituria

6a. Coronal setae (or their vestigial bases) absent .............................................................................................................. 7

6b. Coronal setae (or their vestigial bases) present .......................................................................................................... 10

7a. Large leafhoppers (15-20 mm), crown large, very foliaceous, pentagonal, forewing venation highly reticulate, body orangish brown (Pl. 1A).................................................................................................................................. Beniledra

7b. Medium to small leafhoppers (~ 5-8 mm), crown not especially large, and only somewhat foliaceous, if at all, not pentagonal; forewings with regular venation, but if reticulate, then with only a few cross veins present .................. 8

8a. Face expanded, convex, only anterolateral margins flattened, lateral margins between lora/genae and frontoclypeus not especially depressed (Pl. 10C_1) .................................................................................................................. Titiella

8b. Face not expanded, concave, flattened, with lateral margins between lora/genae depressed and well defined ........... 9

9a. Pronotum with a weakly expressed median longitudinal carina present anteriorly (Pl. 2K) .......... Parapetalocephala

9b. Pronotum without a median longitudinal carina, but occasionally with a weakly expressed median longitudinal groove present anteriorly or completely (Pl. 2A) ....................................................................................... Hangklipia

10a. Metathoracic tarsomere I not especially columnar or robust compared with other tarsomeres, in ventral view shorter to coequal in length with remaining tarsomeres combined (Pl. 11B_4, 12B); anterolateral portions of face without setae; pronotum not strongly declivous in lateral view (Pl. 6D-F) ................................................................ Confucius

10b.Metathoracic tarsomere I columnar, more robust compared to other tarsomeres, in ventral view slightly (Pl. 12H) to considerably (Pl. 13J) longer than remaining tarsomeres combined; anterolateral portions of face with setae; pronotum strongly or intermediately declivous posterad and flattening anterad in lateral view (Pl. 6B_1, 8B-C).... 11

11a. Pronotum with two submedian ridges, two sublateral longitudinal ridges, or both; submedian rows sometimes very weakly developed; outer ridges sometimes high and lamellate, or developed into paired crests or “ears” .............. 12

11b. Pronotum without paired submedian rows (but sometimes with single median ridge or crest) sublateral rows/ processes present or absent ........................................................................................................................................ 14

12a. Pronotum produced laterally (Pl. 1G) ............................................................................................................. Eleazara

12b. Pronotum not produced laterally ............................................................................................................................... 13

13a. Metathoracic tibia not foliaceously dilated ....................................................................................................... Chatura

13b. Metathoracic tibia foliaceously dilated (Pl. 12H) ............................................................................................... Ledra

14a. Proepisternum large, quadrate, not collar-like, not extending laterally onto sides of pronotum (Pl. 9B_3); species from Indomalayan region ........................................................................................................................................... 15

14b. Proepisternum large and collar-like, wrapping around sided of pronotum anteriorly (Pl. 9D_3, E_4); species from Australia...................................................................................................................................................................... 16

15a. Forewing with a large, more or less developed, sclerotized tubercle at first split of M vein (Pl. 1I, 6B_2) ................. .................................................................................................................................................... Funkikonia / Kuohledra

15b. Forewing without large sclerotized tubercle at first split of M vein (Pl. 2F–G) ........................................... Ledropsis

16a. Posterior margin of pronotum distinctly and narrowly subtrapezoidal in shape (Pl. 1H, 2H–I, 3G)......................... 17

16b. Posterior margin of pronotum not distinctly and narrowly subtrapezoidal in shape (Pl. 7D; Jukaruka genus group) .. .................................................................................................................................................................................... 18

17a. Pronotum with pair of large, well developed sublateral horns or processes; body color yellowish in dried specimens (Pl. 3G) ........................................................................................................................................................ Porcorhinus

17b. Pronotum without sublateral processes; body color brown in dried specimens (Pl. 1H, 2H–I) .................................... ..................................................................................................................................... Ezrana (and Ledropsis froggatti )

18a. Crown distinctly acuminate apically (Pl. 3D–F, 10I); pronotum slightly compressed dorsoventrally in lateral view .. ........................................................................................................................................................................ Platyledra

18b. Crown not acuminate apically, pronotum not especially compressed in lateral view ............................................... 19

19a. Frontoclypeus expanded, filling area of face and almond-shaped, with deeply invaginated lateral margins (Pl. 9E) .. ..................................................................................................................................................................... Ledropsella

19b. Frontoclypeus not expanded and filling area of face, and lateral margins not deeply invaginated (Pl. 9D). Jukaruka