Oecanthus rubromaculatus Zefa, 2022
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5155.3.8 |
publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7D9B6603-7418-4A07-87EB-A3E3FE772822 |
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6683513 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE40A369-FFDE-2873-7E80-DE99FD18C920 |
treatment provided by |
Plazi |
scientific name |
Oecanthus rubromaculatus Zefa |
status |
sp. nov. |
Oecanthus rubromaculatus Zefa View in CoL , n. sp.
( Figs 1–2 View FIGURES 1–2 )
Type material. Holotype ♂: Brazil, State of Rio Grande do Sul, municipality of São Francisco de Paula, São Francisco de Paula National Forest Conservation Unit , 29°25’26’’S, 50°23’11’’W, 02.iii.2022, Acosta , R.C. leg. MZUSP GoogleMaps . Holotype condition: left leg III is detached, and maintained in holotype’s tube . Paratypes: same data of Holotype (02 ♂, 03 ♀, MZUSP) .
Etymology. Specific epithet refers to the light red spot present between eyes.
Diagnosis. Combination of the following characteristics: faint red spot at the vertex; metanotal gland median lobe triangular with apex curved upwards and forward; median lophi of pseudepiphallus slightly elongate, forming an open U-shaped invagination; posterior apex of the ectophallic arc distal prolongation U-bifurcated; and calling song with two distinct chirp rhythms.
Description. holotype male ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1–2 ). Body slender, pale green with legs slightly yellowish from tibiae to tarsomeres. Head ( Figs 3–4 View FIGURES 3–9 ): prognathous, pale-green, vertex with a reddish pale spot; clypeus and labrum pale-green; maxillary palpi pale-yellow and moderately elongate, first and second joints smaller than the other three, third to fifth joints subequal in size, latter a little longer, fusiform and apex depressed at inner side; joints of labial palpi paleyellow, with gradual increase in size toward apex; scape and pedicel marked by a longitudinal black line outlined in white; antenna flagellum pale-yellow, marked with spaced light brown rings, that become more intense toward at the apex; moderately prominent yellow eyes, ocelli absent. Thorax: pronotum longer than wide, posterior margin larger than anterior, dorsal disc pale-green, with lateral yellowish bands, slightly pubescent, bristles on the posterior border, lateral lobe little projected ventrally, posterior region more projected ventrally, tegmina translucent, longer than the abdomen; dorsal field surrounded with green veins; three poor marked cross-veins in the harp, and two in the mirror; hindwings well developed, projected beyond the tegmina. Legs: femora I, II and III apex marked with a little and poor marked black line in ventral face; femur III whitish green, pale yellowish at the apex, little shorter than the tibiae III; proximal region of the tibiae I, II and III marked with a little black dot in dorsal face; tibiae I and II unarmed; tibiae I proximal region swollen and mounted each side with an oval auditory tympanum, inner longer than outer; tibiae III serrulated, armed with four inner and three outer subapical spurs, and three outer apical spurs (the dorsal spine is twice the size of the median, which in turn is twice the size of the ventral spine) and four inner apical spurs (same arrangement as the outer spurs, with an additional dorsal spur a little longer than the ventral spur); tibiae’s spurs and spines tipped with black; tarsi I, II and III three-jointed, basitarsus longer than two others together, the middle joint is the smallest one. Abdomen ( Figs 5–6 View FIGURES 3–9 ): tergites pale-green, cerci pale yellowish and slender, tipped with black; subgenital plate rounded posteriorly.
Discussion of paratypes. Subapical spurs: individuals 03FSFP ♀ and 4FSFP ♀ present four inner and three outer subapical spurs, same as holotype; and individuals 01FSFP ♂, 02FSFP ♂ and 05FSFP ♀ present three inner and three outer subapical spurs.
Right tegmen (paratype 02FSFP, Figs 10–11 View FIGURES 10–11 ). Lateral field with 11 accessory veins; basal area reduced, including veins 1A, 2A, 3A; harp present three cross-veins; mirror with two straight cross-veins; apical area and median fan reduced. Vein Cu2 form the stridulatory file bearing 30 teeth.
Metanotal gland (paratype 02FSFP, Figs 12–14 View FIGURES 12–14 ). Scutum ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 12–14 , Sc) with a pit wide, and a pair of protuberances ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 12–14 , Scp), each bearing a translucent tuft of bristles projected inward ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 12–14 , a), and a tuft projected posteriorly ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 12–14 , b); scutellum ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 12–14 , St) with a projected pair of protuberances ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 12–14 , Stp), and a posterior median lobe ( Figs 13 View FIGURES 12–14 , pml, 14) triangular, with apex curved up and forward ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 12–14 , pml).
Male genitalia (paratype 02FSFP, Figs 15–19 View FIGURES 15–19 ). Pseudepiphallic sclerite longer than wide; median lophi of pseudepiphallus (MLophi) projecting posteriorly, bilobed, forming an U-shaped invagination, lobe’s tip slightly arched outward; pseudepiphallic apodema present (PsAp), anterior margin curved posteriorly in dorsal view; rami (r) longer than pseudepiphallic sclerite, slightly curved inward, apex single, straight and not connected; ectophallic invagination well developed, ectophallic arc (arc) curved anteriorly, distal prolongation present (arcDp); ectophallic fold (EctF) slightly sclerotized; ectophallic invagination ventral projection (EctVp) very longer than ectophallic apodema (EctAp); endophalus U-shaped (End).
Female. ( Figs 2 View FIGURES 1–2 , 6–9 View FIGURES 3–9 ). Body color similar to male; slightly larger than male; light red spot between eyes little more intense than that of the male; subgenital and supra-anal plates as Figures 6 and 7 View FIGURES 3–9 , respectively; ovipositor little shorter than the cerci, apex denticulate ( Figs 8–9 View FIGURES 3–9 ).
Male and Female Measurements: in Table 1 View TABLE 1 .
Bioacoustics. ( Figs 20–24 View FIGURES 20–24 , Tab. 2 View TABLE 2 ). Calling song is composed of a regular train of chirps (4 Ch/s), each one bearing 6 or 7 pulses (may occur 5 or 8 pulses) ( Figs 20, 23 View FIGURES 20–24 ), interspersed by an irregular sequence of chirps, varying the number of pulses ( Fig. 21 View FIGURES 20–24 ); both sound sequences present dominant frequency of 2.4 kHz at 18.4ºC ( Tab. 2 View TABLE 2 ). Courtship song is composed of chirps emitted sporadically throughout the courtship; chirps present 17.1 pulses ± 1.374 (15–19, n = 10); pulses increase in amplitude gradually ( Figs 22, 24 View FIGURES 20–24 ); chirp duration = 0.22s ± 0.015 (0.2– 0.25, n = 10), and dominant frequency = 3.1 kHz ( Tab. 2 View TABLE 2 ).
Habitat and behavior. Males send the calling song in the tree canopy, up to about five meters from the ground; some individuals were chirping in the understory bushes, or even in lower branches, which made it possible for us to obtain some specimens for this work. Males stridulate on the leave’s edge ( Fig. 25 View FIGURES 25–26 ), and use the leaf curvature to amplifier the acoustic signals. A couple was photographed on a leaf during copulation, with the male feeding the female from the metanotal gland secretions ( Fig. 26 View FIGURES 25–26 ).
R |
Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile |
MZUSP |
Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo |
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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Grylloidea |
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