Campsurus vichada, Molineri & Granados-Martinez, 2019

Molineri, Carlos & Granados-Martinez, Cristian E., 2019, Two new species of Campsurus Eaton (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) from Colombia, Zootaxa 4543 (1) : -

Campsurus vichada sp. nov.

( Figs. 1 A–C, Figs. 3 A–D)

http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ C6E4D995-4CC1-4B77-91FC-725E7BE84B0F

Diagnosis. Campsurus vichada sp. nov., here described from male and female imagos, can be separated from other species of the genus by the characters listed for the albifilum species group ( Molineri & Salles 2013) and from the species of this group, by: 1) FW 10.0–11.0 mm (male), 13.5–16.0 (female); 2) dorsum of head shaded black widely, some specimens with Y–shaped pale area between ocelli and extending through occiput ( Figs. 3 A–B); 3) abdominal terga shaded slightly darker posteriorly, with a pale median band and other markings as in Figs. 3 A–B; 4) pedestals relatively short, subquadrate, main lobes of penes very long and slender, secondary lobe reduced and relatively short ( Figs. 3 E–D).

Type material. Holotype ♂ imago from COLOMBIA, Vichada, rio Tomo , N 5° 34' 38" / W 68° 29' 35"), 119 m, 04.iv.2017, light trap 18–20 hs, C Granados col. (MUSENUV) . Paratypes: 52 ♂ (slides IBN800 CM, IBN801 CM) and 16 ♀ (slide IBN802 CM) , same data as holotype (10 ♂ and 4 ♀ in MUSENUV, 10 ♂ and 4♀ in CEBUC, 32 ♂ and 8 ♀ in IBN) .

Male imago. Length (mm): body, 10.5–11.0; FW, 10.0–11.0; HW, 4.5–4.7; forelegs, 4.9–5.1; cerci, 27.5–28.5. General coloration yellowish white, shaded with grey dorsally. Head ( Fig. 3A ) shaded dorsally with grey, some males with lighter coloration on medial line and around median ocellus; vertex with grey shading; some specimens with Y–shaped pale area between ocelli and extending through occiput. Antennae whitish shaded with grey, stronger at margins of scape and pedicel. Thorax ( Fig. 3A ): pronotum hyaline translucent shaded very slightly with grey on anteromedian zone; mesonotum shaded gray on carinae and on posterior scutal protuberances (PSP); metanotum yellowish, shaded slightly with grey medially. Forelegs whitish shaded completely with purplish grey, lighter on tarsi; legs II–III yellowish translucent with apical black dash ( Fig. 3D ). Wings: veins whitish translucent, shaded with purplish grey at the base of longitudinal veins, shading more extensive on veins (and membrane around them) Sc and R1. Abdomen ( Fig. 3A ): terga shaded with grey along a median band; tergum I lightest, IX darkest; tergum I with a median mark (not broken by a pale area medially; terga II–VI shaded with gray except on medial pale band and pale subcircular mark at each side of medial band ( Fig. 3A ); terga VII–VIII similar but more widely pigmented with gray, and with two pairs of pale circular marks; tergum IX widely pigmented, darker medially, a pair of pale circular marks on anteromedian margin. Abdominal sterna pale not shaded. Genitalia ( Figs. 1A , 3 E–D): yellowish white; pedestals relatively short, with outer corner indented so apical half is directed slightly towards the outer side; main lobes of penes very long and slender, secondary lobe relatively short. Cerci whitish translucent.

Female imago. Length (mm): body, 13.2–19.3; FW, 13.5– 16.0; HW, 6.1–7.7; forelegs broken; cerci, 5.5–6.0. General coloration yellowish ( Fig. 3B ). Head with dorsal grey shading except on median zone of vertex ( Fig. 3B ). Thorax: pronotum shaded grey widely, except some pale areas as in Fig. 3B . Mesonotum as male. Foreleg broken off in all specimens, similar to middle and hind legs in shape. Middle and hind legs with apical black dash as in male ( Fig. 3C ). Abdomen similar to male except broader pale medial band on terga II–VII ( Fig. 3B ). Sternum VIII with a pair of relatively large anteromedian sockets ( Fig. 1 B–C), sockets partially fused forming a single structure. Caudal filaments whitish translucent.

Eggs. Length, 245–275 µm; width, 200–210 µm. Hemispheric, yellowish, with one whitish polar cap formed by a compound thread (ca. 5.0 mm long) formed by numerous thin filaments tightly braided.

Etymology. Vichada, from the type locality.

Distribution ( Fig. 5 ). Colombia (Vichada).

Discussion. Campsurus vichada sp. nov. shows characters in common with the two clades in the albifilum group found by Molineri & Salles (2013). The large size of the body and the slightly curved pedestals are shared with C. albifilum and C. fuliginatus , but the extremely long penes are more similar to C. gracilipenis and C. homaulos .

We added the new species to the matrix used in Molineri & Salles (2013), and the searches resulted in the same topology shown by these authors, with the new species resulting sister to the pair C. homaulus + C. gracilipenis ( Fig. 2 ), with good support. The three species share two synapomorphies: 1) a change in continuous character number 1 – Pedestal length/width ratio (from 1.12–1.40 to 1.05), thus the general shape of the pedestal change from subrectangular (plesiomorphy) to subquadrate; and 2) a change in color pattern of abdominal terga (character 7, discrete) from the state 0 (with][–shaped marks) to state 1 (marks closed, forming rectangle or circle).

The key published in Molineri & Salles (2013) should be modified as follows to include the new species here described. Please note that couplet 5 was also modified to include new data regarding C. gracilipenis and C. homaulus :

1. Abdominal color pattern pale on terga I–III and very dark on terga IV–IX; secondary lobe of penes short, knoblike (see other characters in Molineri & Salles 2006)........................................................... C. fuliginatus

- Abdominal color pattern uniform on terga except darker on posterior terga IX or VIII–IX; secondary lobe of penes distinct ( Figs. 1A , 3 E–D); FW length variable; pedestals variable..................................................... 2

2. Pedestal subrectangular, length/width ratio = 1.12–1.40; abdominal terga with submedian][–shaped gray mark............ 3

- Pedestal subquadrate ( Figs. 1A , 3D ), length/width ratio = 1.05 or less; abdominal terga more widely pigmented with gray, except small rectangular to ovate pale mark at each side ( Fig. 3A )................................................ 4

3. Pedestals very long (length/width ratio> 2.1) and with the apical inner margin strongly projected posteriorly...... C. yavari

- Pedestals shorter (length/width ratio> 1.7), inner apical margin broad, not so strongly projected.............. C. albifilum

4. Body and wings large to medium–sized (FW length> 9.5 mm); secondary lobe of penes reduced, short ( Figs. 1A , 3 D–E).................................................................................. Campsurus vichada sp. nov.

- Body and wings medium to small in size (FW length <9.0 mm); secondary lobe of penes relatively long................. 5

5. Penes long and slender (length/width mostly> 0.85); basal inner membrane of penes very short in relation to total length of penean lobe (ratio <0.28).................................................................... C. gracilipenis

- Penes shorter (length/width mostly <0.80); basal inner membrane of penes not so short in relation to total length of penean lobe (ratio>0.32)............................................................................. C. homaulos

Figures

FIGURES 1A–G. Campsurus vichada sp. nov.: A, male genitalia, v.v.; B, female sternum VIII, C, same, detail of sockets. Campsurus cristales sp. nov.: D, male genitalia, v.v.; E, same, l.v.; F, female sternum VIII, G, same, detail of sockets.

FIGURE 2. Shortest parsimony tree obtained with matrix on Appendix 1, using implied weights. Numbers above nodes indicate character numbers that have changed in this clade or terminal (i.e., apomorphies). Larger numbers below nodes indicate group support (GC differences from 300 replicates of jackknifing).

FIGURES 3A–D. Campsurus vichada sp. nov.: A, male imago, dorsal view (PSP= Postero Scutal Protuberances); B, female imago, d.v.; C, female mesosternum; D, male mesosternum (mfp= mesofurcasternal plates); E, male genitalia, v.v. (ml= main lobe; sl= secondary lobe); D, detail of pedestal.

FIGURE 5. Map indicating the distributional records of the new species.