Diphya guiyang J. Zhang & H. Yu, 2022

Zhang, Jianshuang, Zhang, Qi, Long, Feiyang, Yu, Hao & Yi, Yin, 2022, Two new speicies of Diphya Nicolet, 1849 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) from Southwest China, ZooKeys 1124, pp. 131-145 : 131

Diphya guiyang J. Zhang & H. Yu sp. nov.

Figs 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7

Material examined.

Holotype. ♂ (MGEU-TET-21-001, YHTET001), China: Guizhou Province: Guiyang City: Nanming District, Guiyang Forest Park , 26.55°N, 106.75°E, ca 1165 m, 10 August 2021, H. Yu et al. leg., hand picking on shrubs . Paratypes: 1♂ 1♀ (MGEU-TET-21-002-003, YHTET002-003), same data as holotype .

Other material examined.

1♂ 2♀, same data as holotype .

Diagnosis.

The male of D. guiyang sp. nov. resembles that of D. wulingensis Yu, Zhang & Omelko, 2014 in having a similar complex paracymbium with several processes (other species have simple unbranched paracymbium and cymbial process) but can be distinguished from it by the different shape, locations, and number of paracymbial processes and by the different shape and degree of sclerotization of the embolus. In D. guiyang sp. nov., the paracymbium has 3 processes (vs 4), the intermediate process (Ip) is thumb-like and originates from the distal end of the paracymbium, close to tibia (Fig. 1A, B, D ) (vs papilliform and located at the proximal margin of the paracymbium, well-separated from tibia); the embolar tip (Em T) is blade-shaped, hyaline, and with a relatively wide apex (Fig. 2B-E ). (vs C-shaped, thick, heavily sclerotized, and with the apex relatively sharp; Yu et al. 2014: 31, figs 5, 10, 12; Marusik et al. 2017: 143, figs 13-15, 17). The female of D. guiyang sp. nov. also resembles that of D. wulingensis in having a similarly shaped vulva, but can be separated by having the septal base (Sb) relatively narrow (less than 1/3 of the epigynal plate width) (vs wide, about ½ of the plate width) (cf. Fig. 3A, C, E and Marusik et al. 2017: 143, figs 10, 11), and by the kidney-shaped posterior chamber of receptacle (Rp), which is distinctly larger than the anterior chamber (Ap) (vs both Ap and Rp nearly globular and Ap slightly larger than Rp) (cf. Fig. 3B, D and Yu et al. 2014: 31, figs 4, 9). In addition, the two species can be reliably separated by the abdominal pattern: dorsum of the abdomen centrally with a distinct symmetrical pattern in D. guiyang sp. nov. (Fig. 4A, D ), vs without pattern centrally and only with black marks on both sides ( Yu et al. 2014: 31, figs 1, 2; Marusik et al. 2017: 143, figs 1, 2, 5).

Etymology.

The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.

Description.

Male. Holotype (Figs 3F , 4A-C ): total length 4.18; carapace 2.04 long, 1.48 wide; abdomen 2.14 long, 1.46 wide. Carapace dark brown, slightly lighter between PER and cervical groove. Clypeus dark brown, distinctly higher than AME diameter. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.14, PME 0.15, PLE 0.14, AME-AME 0.09, AME-ALE 0.08, PME-PME 0.16, PME-PLE 0.20, MOQL 0.66, MOQA 0.22, MOQP 0.48. Chelicerae light brown, with 3 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth. Sternum coloured the same as carapace, 0.76 long, 0.85 wide.

Abdomen dorsally dark with 5 pairs of spots (anterior pair circular, 2nd pair comma-shaped and largest, posterior 3 pairs represented by 6 short transverse bands), surrounded by line consisting of small white spots. Lateral sides whitish. Ventrally with irregularly shaped black pattern.

Legs uniformly yellowish. Leg measurements: I 8.90 (2.31, 2.62, 2.80, 1.17), II 7.56 (2.12, 2.30, 2.19, 0.95), III 6.70 (1.99, 2.06, 1.78, 0.87), IV - (1.87, 1.83, -, -).

Palp (Figs 1A-D , 2A-E ): paracymbium (Pc) complex, with 3 processes: both ventral process (Vp) and intermediate process (Ip) large, thumb-like, dorsal process (Dp) relatively small, tooth-shaped; Vp originating from 1/3 to 1/4 proximal part of cymbium, slightly curved, apex pointing distally; Ip originating from base of cymbium, apex pointing ventrally; Dp originating from ca 2/5 proximal part of cymbium, slightly curved, apex pointing retrolaterlly. Cymbium concave prolaterally. Subtegulum (St) large, hiding tegulum in retrolateral view; tegulum (Te) circular; sperm duct indistinct in ventral view. Conductor (C) laminar and hyaline, slightly smaller than tegulum, originating from dorsal-retrolateral portion of tegulum. Embolus (Em) slightly shorter than conductor, twisted around axis; embolar base (Em B) relatively sclerotized; embolar tip (Em T) blade-shaped, apex as wide as Em B and pointing ventrally.

Female (paraype: MGEU-TET-21-002) (Figs 3G , 4D-F ). Total length 4.48; carapace 1.99 long, 1.53 wide; abdomen 2.49 long, 1.55 wide. Carapace uniformly red-brown, cervical groove and radial grooves distinct. Clypeus orange, distinctly higher than AME diameter. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.24, PME 0.26, PLE 0.19; AME-AME 0.09, AME-ALE 0.08, PME-PME 0.08, PME-PLE 0.06. MOQL 0.81, MOQA 0.24, MOQP 0.58. Chelicerae light orange, with 3 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth. Sternum 0.88 long, 0.87 wide, slightly darker than carapace. Abdomen basically yellowish white, dorsum centrally with indistinct, broken lengthwise band, reaching posterior half; with 2 pairs of muscular depressions located at two sides of lengthwise band; with 5 pairs of irregularly shaped black marks (frontal pair of marks largest), running longitudinally extending ca 4/5 of abdomen length. Lateral sides whitish. Ventrally yellowish white, without distinct pattern.

Legs uniformly yellowish. Measurements of legs: I 8.06 (2.11, 2.60 2.25, 1.10), II 7.22 (2.09, 2.24, 1.93, 0.96), III 4.62 (1.42, 1.44, 1.14, 0.62), IV 6.15 (1.93, 1.99, 1.56, 0.67).

Epigyne (Fig. 3A-E ). Plate distinctly wider than long. Septum (Se) T-shaped, consisting of a transverse head (Sh), a narrow stem (Ss) and nose-shaped base (Sb); septal head wide, about 2/3 of the epigynal plate width; septal stem (Ss) slightly narrower than septal base, about twice longer that septal base length; septal base (Sb) shaped like a nose, nearly as wide as long. Copulatory openings indistinct, located in rebordered groove of lateral margins of septum. Copulatory ducts (Cd) diverging posteriorly, running along with lateral margin of septum. Receptacle subdivided in 2 chambers; anterior chamber (Ra) globular, relatively small, widely separated by ca 2.7 diameters; posterior chamber (Rp) kidney-shaped, distinctly larger than anterior chamber, 1.5 times longer than wide, separated by ca 1.3 widths. Fertilization ducts (Fd) acicular, membranous, located on posterior-interlateral surface of Rp.

Distribution.

Known only from the Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China (Fig. 7 ).

Figures

Figure 1. Male palp of the holotype of Diphya guiyang sp. nov. A ventral view B dorsal view C prolateral view D retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; Cy = cymbium; Dp = dorsal process; Em B = basal portion of embolus; Em T = terminal portion of embolus; Ip = intermediate process; Pc = paracymbium; St = subtegulum; Te = tegulum; Vp = ventral process. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 2. Male palpal bulb of the holotype of Diphya guiyang sp. nov. A ventral view B dorsal view C prolateral view D retrolateral view E anterior view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; Em B = basal portion of embolus; Em T = terminal portion of embolus; St = subtegulum; Te = tegulum. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 3. Diphya guiyang sp. nov. A-E female paratype and male holotype, epigyne A, B macerated epigyne, ventral and dorsal C, D epigyne, macerated and embedded in Arabic gum, ventral and dorsal E intact epigyne F, G ventral view frontal view of prosoma F male G female. Abbreviations: Cd = copulatory duct; Fd = fertilisation duct; Ra = anterior chamber of receptacle; Rp = posterior chamber of receptacle; Sb = septal base; Se = septum (dashed line in C showing margin of septum); Sh = septal head; Ss = septal stem. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A-E); 1 mm (F, G).

Figure 4. Diphya guiyang sp. nov. A-C habitus of the male holotype D-F female paratype A, D dorsal view B, E ventral view C, F lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 7. Distribution records of the Diphya species in China. D. guiyang sp. nov. (scarlet circle: Guizhou Province, Guiyan City), D. weimiani sp. nov. (yellow circle: 1. Sichuan Province, Mount Longmen; 2. Guizhou Province, Mount Leigong), D. okumae Tanikawa, 1995 (carmine circle: 1. Hennan Province, Xinyang City; 2. Hennan Province, Neixiang County; 3. Hubei Province, Hefeng County), D. qianica Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 (greent circle: Guizhou Province, Mount Fanjing), D. songi Wu & Yang, 2010 (orange circle: Yunnan Province, Mount Canshan), D. taiwanica Tanikawa, 1995 (light blue circle: 1. Taiwan Province, Mount Pahsien-shan; 2. Taiwan Province, Mount Alishan); D. tanasevitchi (Zhang, Zhang & Yu, 2003) (lilac circle: 1. Hebei Province, Mount Wuling; 2. Hebei Province, Pingshan County; 3. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Delong County; 4. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Jingyuan County), D. wulingensis Yu, Zhang & Omelko, 2014 (dark blue circle: Hebei Province, Mount Wuling).