Hirtella sprucei Benth. ex Hook.f.

Barros, Natália, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares de, Sothers, Cynthia & Peixoto, Ariane Luna, 2025, Flora of Espírito Santo: Chrysobalanaceae, Rodriguesia (e 00872024) 76, pp. 1-39 : 21-22

4.9. Hirtella sprucei Benth. ex Hook.f. , Fl. bras . (Martius) 14(2): 31. 1867. Figs. 7 e-f; 8

Shrub or tree, up to 8 m tall, DBH 6 cm, stem ca. 5 m tall, cylindric, bark rough; young branches hispid, becoming glabrous with age, lenticellate. Leaves oblong, 9.6–17 × 2.1–3.3 cm, chartaceous, discolorous, base subcordate, apex acuminate, acumen 0.6–1 cm long, glabrous on both sides, midrib prominent on both sides, glabrous to sparsely hispid, primary veins 7–13 pairs, eglandular; petiole 2–4 mm long, hispid, terete, eglandular; stipules 2, linear, 6–7 mm long, chartaceous, hispid, caducous. Inflorescence subterminal to axillary, racemose, pubescent; bracts 2, linear, 3–6 mm long, hispid, eglandular; bracteoles 2, triangular, ca. 0.5 mm long, pubescent, with sessile glands. Flowers white, 1.5–1.9 cm long, pubescent, pedicel 3–4 mm long; receptacle campanulate, 1–2 mm long, glabrous except at throat; sepals triangular, 2–3 mm long, pubescent, reflexed; petals rounded, 3–3.5 mm long, glabrous; stamens 4–5, inserted unilaterally, purplish, filaments 1.9 cm long, free; ovary villous, ca. 1 mm, style ca. 5 mm long, basal 1/3 hispid. Drupe ellipsoid, sessile, 1.4–1.9 × 0.6–0.7 cm, epicarp smooth, longitudinally striate, glabrescent to glabrous.

Selected material examined: Conceição da Barra , Rebio do Córrego Grande, floresta alta sobre tabuleiro, km 5 ao 6 da estrada interna, 5.VI.2011, fr., M. Ribeiro 551 ( SAMES). Linhares, Reserva Natural Vale, Estrada da Jueranavermelha, Barra Seca, fr., M.B. Paciencia 2463 ( CVRD, ESA); Estrada 161, km 1250, lado direito, 26.XII.1979, fl .,

I.A.Silva 136 ( INPA, NY,RB, RBR).Nova Venécia, Fazenda

Santa Rita , ao pé da pedra da torre (P7), 21.II.2018, fl. and fr., J.A.C. Gurtler 497 ( VIES) . São Mateus , 8.XI.2022, fl., L.F.T. Menezes 3257 ( SAMES) . Serra , APA Mestre Álvaro, 15.II.2013, fl., P.H.D. Barros 166 ( VIES) . Vila Pavão , Barra da Rapadura, Fazenda do Sr. Wagner Scardini, 16.II.2014, fl., R.C. Forzza 7837 ( HUEFS, K, RB, VIES) .

Hirtella sprucei is easily distinguished by the hispid to glabrous branches, slender leaves, hispid indumentum on the lamina midrib, petiole and stipules, subcordate leaf base, short petiole (sometimes partially covered by the leaf) and nonconspicuous primary veins. Collected with flowers from November to March and fruits in January and June.

Hirtella sprucei has been recorded in Bahia, EspÍrito Santo, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro states ( Asprino 2023). In EspÍrito Santo it occurs in Restinga, Ombrophilous forest, Mussununga and Mata de Tabuleiro, in Conceição da Barra, Linhares, Nova Venécia, São Mateus, Serra and Vila Pavão municipalities. It is assessed as Vulnerable (VU) for the state ( Fraga et al. 2019), where it was collected in four protected areas: Área de Proteção Ambiental de Mestre Álvaro, Floresta Nacional de Goytacazes, Reserva Natural Vale and Reserva Biológica do Córrego Grande. It may not be in a lower extinction risk.

The common name for this species is cordãode-frade (D.A. Folli 5468, G.S. Siqueira 1346).

4.10. Hirtella triandra Sw., Prodr. 51. 1788. Fig. 8 Tree, up to 9 m tall, DBH 25 cm; young branches sparsely hispid, becoming glabrous with age, lenticellate. Leaves elliptic, 4.4–10.9 × 2.5–4.1

cm, chartaceous, discolorous, base cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, acumen ca. 3 mm long, glabrous on both sides, midrib plane to prominulous adaxially, prominent abaxially, basal 1/3 hirsute to glabrous adaxially, sparsely hispid abaxially, primary veins 8–10 pairs, sparsely hispid abaxially, with discoid glands throughout leaf lamina, margin slightly revolute; petiole 2–3 mm long, sparsely hispid to glabrous, terete, eglandular; stipules 2, linear, 2–3 mm long, chartaceous, hispid, caducous. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, paniculate, hispid; bracts 2, triangular, 5–6 mm long, hispid, margin with sessile glands; bracteoles 2, triangular, 1–3 mm long, hispid, eglandular. Flowers 1.3–1.6 cm long, pubescent, pedicel ca. 1.5–2 cm long; receptacle campanulate, ca. 1 mm long, glabrous; sepals rounded, with acute apex, 2–3 mm long, puberulous, reflexed; petals rounded, 1.5–2 mm long, glabrous; stamens 3, inserted unilaterally, filaments 1.1–1.2 cm long, united at base; ovary ca. 1–1.5 mm long, sericeous, style ca. 1–1.5 cm long, basal 1/3 tomentulose. Drupe obovoid, sessile,

1.1–1.9 × 0.6–0.9 cm, epicarp smooth, longitudinally striate, glabrescent.

Selected material examined: Águia Branca , Assentamento 16 de abril, 4.X.2007, fl. and fr., H.Q. Boudet Fernandes 3485 ( MBML) . Alegre , São João do Norte , PCH Santa Fé, reservatório de derivação, ilha pluvial do Rio Braço Norte, 5.VIII.2008, fl., V.C. Manhães 98 ( MBML, VIES) . Cachoeiro de Itapemirim , R.F. Bananal do Norte, 29.IX.1993, fl., G. Acacio 68 ( CAP, VIES) . Colatina , margem do Pancas , Estrada Velha , Rio Doce , 20.IX.1930, fl. and fr., J.G. Kuhlmann 381 (RB). Conceição da Barra, Flona do Rio Preto, trilha da sede abandonada, 12.XI.2019, fl. and fr., S.C. Dutra 32 ( VIES) . Governador Lindenberg , Morelo, propriedade de Fernando Nicolli, 5.XI.2007, fl., V.Demuner 4456 ( MBML) . Linhares , Reserva Natural Vale, C.N. Gávea, 25.VI.2010, fl. and fr., V.B.R. Ferreira 138 (RB, VIES) . Nova Venécia , fazenda próxima a pedra da cebola, atações no meio do pasto, estrada seguindo para Gameleira, 4.XI.2010, fl. and fr., M. Ribeiro 355 (RB, SAMES, VIES) . Pinheiros , Rebio Córrego do Veado , estrada a esquerda da sede da Rebio que vai para o Córrego da água limpa, 15.VIII.2010, fl., I.S. Broggio 81 (RB, VIES) ; 1.XI.2010, fr., I.S. Broggio 109 (RB, VIES) . Santa Teresa , Várzea Alegre, Cachoeira do Mandalon, 27.VII.2000, fl., V. Demuner 1328 ( MBML) . Serra , Nova Almeida, SÍtio São José, 28.XII.1999, fl. and fr., I.D. Rodrigues 232 ( VIES) ; propriedade de Venturini e José Altoé, estrada para Putiri, 24.XII.1999, fr., I.D. Rodrigues 215 ( VIES) . Sooretama , estrada entre vilarejo Juncado e a Rebio de Sooretama, 2.X.2016, fl. and fr., K.S. Valdemarin 160 ( CEN, CVRD, ESA, RB, SPSF, UEC) .

Hirtella triandra has three subspecies, H. triandra subsp. media (Standl.) Prance , H. triandra subsp. punctulata (Miq.) Prance and H. triandra subsp. triandra , but the characters that delimit them often overlap in the specimens analyzed. Thus, no infraspecific taxa was used here.

Hirtella triandra can be distinguished by the glabrous elliptic leaves, with cuneate base and slightly revolute margin, paniculate hispid inflorescence and flowers with only 3 stamens. Collected with flowers in July and September to December, and fruits from April to December.

This taxon occurs in Acre, Amazonas, Bahia, EspÍrito Santo, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará, Rio de Janeiro, Rondônia, and Roraima ( Asprino 2023). In EspÍrito Santo state it was collected in Restinga, Ombrophilous forest and Mata de Tabuleiro, in Águia Branca, Alegre, Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, Colatina, Conceição da Barra, Governador Lindenberg, Linhares , Nova Venécia, Pinheiros, Santa Teresa, Serra and Sooretama municipalities. Although H. triandra was assessed as Vulnerable (VU) for the state ( Fraga et al. 2019), this species is present in 10 municipalities and four protected areas (Floresta Nacional do Rio Preto, Reserva Biológica Córrego do Veado, Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, Reserva Natural Vale) and may not be at such a high risk of extinction.

The common names for this species are azeitona-ciliar (D.A. Folli 2065) and azeitona-domorro (D.A. Folli 6666).