Ixodes lividus Koch, 1844

Fedorov, Denis & Hornok, Sándor, 2024, Checklist of hosts, illustrated geographical range, and ecology of tick species from the genus Ixodes (Acari, Ixodidae) in Russia and other post-Soviet countries, ZooKeys 1201, pp. 255-343 : 255-343

Ixodes lividus Koch, 1844

Ixodes lividus Koch, 1844: 234 ; Morel and Pérez 1973: 275.

Ixodes bavaricus Schulze & Schlottke, 1929: 95.

Ixodes plumbeus bavaricus Schulze & Schlottke : Morel and Pérez 1973: 275.

Ixodes plumbeus obotriticus Schulze & Schlottke : Morel and Pérez 1973: 275.

Ixodes (Pholeoixodes) hirundinicola Schulze: Kolonin 1981: 19.

Recorded hosts.

Aves: Alauda arvensis (Eurasian skylark), Delichon urbicum (Linnaeus) (common house martin), Merops apiaster Linnaeus (European bee-eater), Passer domesticus (house sparrow), Passer montanus (Eurasian tree sparrow), Riparia diluta (Sharpe & Wyatt) (pale martin), Riparia riparia (sand martin) ( Filippova 1977; Tagiltsev et al. 1984; Rusev 2009; Bolshakova et al. 2019; Kovalevsky et al. 2019).

Mammalia: Mus musculus (house mouse) ( Filippova 1977).

Recorded locations

(Fig. 27 ). Russia: Curonian Spit (Kaliningrad Oblast) ( Filippova 1961), Karelia ( Bobrovskikh 1979), Leningrad Oblast, ( Zolotov and Buker 1976), Moscow Oblast ( Glashchinskaya-Babenko 1956), Ryazan Oblast ( Filippova 1977), Ivanovo Oblast ( Mayorova 2004), Saratov Oblast ( Korneev et al. 2018), Kuybyshev Reservoir (Republic of Tatartstan) ( Lvov et al. 2014), Voronezh Oblast ( Gaponov and Tewelde 2021), Tymen Oblast ( Starikov et al. 2017 b), Kurgan Oblast ( Starikov and Starikova 2021), Omsk Oblast ( Tagiltsev et al. 1984; Yakimenko et al. 1991), Tomsk Oblast, Kemerovo Oblast ( Kovalevsky et al. 2019), Novosibirsk Oblast ( Yakimenko et al. 2013), Irkutsk Oblast ( Danchinova et al. 2007), Ikatsky Ridge (Republic of Buryatia), Zabaykalsky Krai ( Emelyanova et al. 1963), Republic of Tuva ( Kholodilov et al. 2019), Sakha (Yakutia) ( Shadrina et al. 2011), Khabarovsk Krai ( Volkov and Chernykh 1977). Ukraine: Zakarpattia Oblast, Kaniv Nature Reserve (Cherkasy Oblast), ( Emchuk 1960), Danube Biosphere Nature Reserve (Odesa Oblast) ( Emchuk 1960; Didyk 2013), Kyiv ( Akimov and Nebogatkin 2002), delta of the Dniestr River ( Rusev 2009). Belarus: Gomel Region, Minsk Region ( Gembetsky 1972). Moldova: banks of the Dniestr River ( Movila et al. 2008). Kazakhstan: Atyrau Region ( Pomerantsev 1950; Levit 1957), Kostanay Region ( Makhmetov 1961), Pavlodar Region ( Amirova et al. 1989), Akmola Region ( Filippova 1961; Ushakova 1962).

Ecology and other information.

Ixodes lividus is a specific nidicolous ectoparasite of the sand martin, Riparia riparia . Also, it has been collected from birds and house mice which occasionally could visit sand martin’s nests such as house sparrows and common house martins.

Due to the wide distribution of its main host, this tick species also occurs in a vast geographical range and can be characterized by having a trans-Palearctic distribution. The locations of findings in Russia and the neighboring countries listed above reflect the general pattern of its distribution on a map so we can suppose that this tick can be found in the north of the Palearctic almost everywhere in habitats of the sand martin.

Figures

Figure 27. Map of Russia and neighboring countries showing the locations where Ixodes lividus was reported.