Epeolus cruciger ( Panzer, 1799 )

Astafurova, Yulia V. & Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., 2024, Catalogue and identification key of the bee genus Epeolus Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera, Apidae) from the Palaearctic region, Zootaxa 5453 (2), pp. 183-213 : 187

9. Epeolus cruciger ( Panzer, 1799)

( Figs 11, 12 , 13 , 84 )

Nomada crucigera Panzer, 1799: 20 , ♂, ( syntypes: ♂♂, Austria; ZMHB).

Epeolus rufipes Thomson, 1870: 91 , ♀, ( lectotype: ♀, designated by Nilsson 2010: 88, Sweden, Skåne län, Lunds kn, Abusa; ZMLU). Synonymized by Alfken 1904: 126.

Epeolus similis Höppner, 1899: 355–356 , ♀, ♂, ( syntypes: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Germany, Freisenbüttel; ZMHB). Synonymized by Warncke 1986: 61.

Epeolus cruciger var. elegans Müller, 1921: 168 , ♀, ( holotype: ♀, Germany, Arnswalde; ZMHB). Synonymized by Stoeckhert 1933: 64.

Epeolus cruciger var. rufiventris Müller, 1921: 168 , ♀, ( holotype: ♀, Germany, Arnswalde; ZMHB). Synonymized by Stoeckhert 1933: 64.

Epeolus variegatus var. rossicus Friese, 1925: 30 , ♀, ( holotype: ♀, Russia, Smolensk; ZMHB). Synonymized by Bischoff 1930: 11.

Epeolus marginatus Bischoff, 1930: 11 , ♀, ♂, ( holotype: ♀, Germany, Warnemünde; ZMHB). Synonymized by Warncke 1986: 60.

Epeolus similis ab. nigroscutellaris Niemelä, 1947: 42, ♀, ( syntypes: ♀♀, Russia, Leningrad Oblast, Koivisto [=Primorsk]; ZMUT). Synonymized by Le Divelec 2021: 4.

Other notable publications. Bischoff 1930: 10–11; Richards 1937: 99–130 (morphological differences, variation, figures); Niemelä 1947: 41–42 (as Epeolus similis Höppner , key, descriptive note, variation); Scheuchl 2000: 145, 148 (key, figures); Bogusch & Hadrava 2018: 14–21, 56, 57 (key, diagnosis, re-description, figures); Le Divelec 2021: 3–4 (notes on synonymy) Astafurova & Proshchalykin 2022a: 319–321 (key, morphological differences, variation, figures).

Host (s). Colletes marginatus Smith , C. succinctus (L.) ( Richards 1937; Amiet et al. 2007; Bogusch & Hadrava 2018). Colletes hederae Schmidt & Westrich ( Artmann-Graf 2015). Associations with Colletes fodiens (Geoffroy) and possibly C. similis Schenck reported by Bischoff (1930) and Richards (1937) are unlikely according to Bogusch & Hadrava, 2018.

Distribution. Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Syria, Iran, Russia (to the Magadan Oblast), Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia ( Astafurova & Proshchalykin 2023).

Figures

FIGURES 1–12. Epeolus Latreille, habitus, dorsal view. 1—E. albus Astafurova & Proshchalykin, ♀; 2, 3—E. alpinus Friese (2–♀, 3–♂); 4, 5—E. asiaticus Astafurova & Proshchalykin (4–♀, 5–♂); 6, 7—E. collaris Pérez (6–♀, 7–♂); 8, 9—E. compar Alfken (8–♀, 9–♂); 10—E. coreanus Yasumatsu (♂); 11, 12—E. cruciger (Panzer) (♀♀; 11–black form; 12–red form). Figures 6–9 by P. Bogusch.

FIGURES 13–24. Epeolus Latreille, habitus, dorsal view. 13—E. cruciger (Panzer), ♂; 14, 15—E. eriwanensis Bischoff (14– ♀, 15–♂); 16—E. fallax Morawitz, ♂; 17—E. fasciatus Friese; ♂; 18, 19—E. flavociliatus Friese (18–♀, 19–♂); 20, 21—E. gorodkovi Astafurova (20–♀, 21–♂); 22, 23—E. ibericus Bogusch (22–♀, 23–♂); 24—E. intermedius Pérez, ♀. Figures 14, 15, 18, 19, 22–24 by P. Bogusch.

FIGURES 77–85. Epeolus Latreille. 77—angle between scutellum and propodeum, lateral view (E. siculus Giordani Soika, ♀); 78, 79—thorax, ventral view (78—E. rasmonti Astafurova & Proshchalykin, ♀; 79—E. transitorius Eversmann, ♀); 80, 81—metasoma, ventral view (80—E. melectiformis Yasumatsu, ♂; 81—E. tarsalis Morawitz, ♂); 82—S4–S5, lateral view (E. variegatus (Linnaeus), ♀); 83, 84—gonostylus, lateral view (83—E. asiaticus Astafurova & Proshchalykin, ♂; 84—E. cruciger (Panzer), ♂); 85—pygidial plate, dorsal view (E. subrufescens Saunders, ♂).