Polynoncus parafurcatus Pittino, 1987

Costa-Silva, Vinícius, Strümpher, Werner P., Thyssen, Patricia J. & Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z., 2024, Taxonomic revision of the South American genus Polynoncus Burmeister, 1876 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Trogidae), Journal of Natural History 58 (1 - 4), pp. 14-166 : 115-116

Polynoncus parafurcatus Pittino, 1987

( Figures 5d , 46 , 50–51 )

Polynoncus parafurcatus Pittino, 1987: 395 (original description); Scholtz 1990: 1441 (redescription); Gómez 2008: 517 (key to Argentinean species); Zidek 2013: 14 (checklist); Zidek 2017: 106 (checklist); Costa-Silva and Diéguez 2020: 272 (records from Argentina) Polynoncus parafurcatus occidentalis Pittino, 1987: 395 (synonymised by Scholtz 1990)

Type specimens examined. HOLOTYPE. (♂ MNHN – Figure 50 ) First label [round, white, aged, FranÇois Castelnau’s handwriting]: ‘7 / 47’. Second label [white, aged, typeset]: ‘MUSEUM PARIS / BRÉSIL / MINAS-GERAES / DE CASTELNAU 1847’. Third label [red, Riccardo Pittino’s handwriting]: ‘ Polynoncus / parafurcatus n. sp . / HOLOTYPUS ♂ / Det . R . Pittino 1897’. Fourth label [red with black frame,typeset]: ‘HOLOTYPE’.Fifth label [white, typeset]: ‘MNHN / EC9642’ ( Figure 50e ). Type locality: ‘ Minas-Geraes [Minas Gerais]’ (Brazil), collected by the French entomologist Francois Louis Nompar Caumont de Laporte de Castelnau (1810–1880) during one of his expeditions to South America between 1843 and 1847 ( Papavero 1971) .

PARATYPES (1 ♂ MNHN; 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ RPMI [through detailed photographs]) . First label [round, white, aged, FranÇois Castelnau’s handwriting]: ‘7 / 47’. Second label [white, aged, typeset]: ‘MUSEUM PARIS / BRÉSIL / MINAS-GERAES / DE CASTELNAU 1847’. Third label [red, Riccardo Pittino’s handwriting]: ‘ Polynoncus / parafurcatus n. sp. / HOLOTYPUS ♂ / Det . R . Pittino 1897’. Fourth label [white with black border, handwritten]: ‘ ♀ ’. Fifth label [red, typeset]: ‘PARATYPE’. Sixth label [white, typeset]: ‘MNHN / EC9643’ (♂ MNHN) . First label [light brown, handwritten]: ‘ São Paulo / J . Metz’. Second label [white, typeset]: ‘EX COLL. / WINKLER, WIEN’. Third label [red, typeset]: ‘PARATYPUS’. Fourth label [red with black frame, Riccardo Pittino’s handwriting]: ‘ Polynoncus ♂ / parafurcatus / n. sp. / Det. Pittino 1987 ’ (♂ RPMI) . First label [white, aged, typeset]: ‘MUSEUM PARIS / BRÉSIL / MINAS-GERAES / DE CASTELNAU 1847 ’. Second label [round and green, without any visible information]. Third label [red, typeset]: ‘PARATYPUS’. Fourth label [red with black border, Riccardo Pittino’s handwriting]: ‘ Polynoncus ♂ / parafurcatus / n. sp. / Det. Pittino 1987 ’ (♀ RPMI) .

Figures

Figure 5. Differential morphology in Polynoncus spp.:lateral margin of pronotum a, bulbous [P.vazdemelloi] and b, rounded [P.gemmingeri]; pronotal ridges and basal tubercles of pronotum c, fused [P.furcillifer] and d, separated (black line) [P.parafurcatus]; surface of elytra e, with tubercles [P.pedestris] and f, without tubercles [P. diffluens]; g, pronotal ridge and antero-lateral tubercle connected by (white arrow) [P. patagonicus]; h, humeral callus prominent (white arrow) in P. chilensis and i, humeral callus not prominent (white arrow) in P. mirabilis. Scale bar: 1 mm.

Figure 46. Distribution map of Polynoncus mirabilis (red circles), P. parafurcatus (green triangles), and P. patagonicus (blue squares). The records with a black dot in the centre indicate the type locality of the respective species.? = dubious record.

Figure 50. Holotype of Polynoncus parafurcatus Pittino, 1987: habitus in a, dorsal and b, lateral view; male genitalia in c, dorsal and d, lateral view; e, labels. Photos by Antoine Mantilleri (MNHN).

Figure 51. Holotype of Polynoncus parafurcatus occidentalis Pittino, 1987 (= Polynoncus parafurcatus): habitus in a, dorsal and b, lateral view; male genitalia in c, dorsal view; d, labels. Scale bar: 1 mm.