Anastrepha wittiensis Norrbom, 2021

Norrbom, Allen L., Muller, Alies, Gangadin, Anielkoemar, Sutton, Bruce D., Rodriguez, Erick J., Savaris, Marcoandre, Lampert, Silvana, Rodriguez, Pedro A., Steck, Gary J., Moore, Matthew R., Nolazco, Norma, Troya, Henry, Keil, Clifford B., Padilla, Anabel, Wiegmann, Brian M., Cassel, Brian, Branham, Marc & Ruiz-Arce, Raul, 2021, New species and host plants of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) primarily from Suriname and Pará, Brazil, Zootaxa 5044 (1), pp. 1-74 : 43-45

Anastrepha wittiensis Norrbom , new species

Figs. 18 , 72–73 , 97 , 119–120 , 144

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Diagnosis. Anastrepha wittiensis can be distinguished from other species of Anastrepha by the following combination of characters: Scutum with brown band on posterior margin; subscutellum entirely orange; C-band posterior to pterostigma mostly orange; C-band and S-band broadly connected, hyaline area between them extended to vein R 4+5; V-band complete, connected to S-band; oviscape 2.02–2.31 mm long, 0.60 times as long as mesonotum; aculeus strongly dorsally curved, 1.48 mm long; tip 0.22 mm long, 0.15 times aculeus length, distal 0.25 very finely serrate. It is most similar to other species of the robusta group, especially A. amaryllis Tigrero , A. crassaculeus , A. furcata Lima, A. fuscata Norrbom & Korytkowski , and A. robusta Stone , in which the aculeus is also strongly dorsally curved. It differs from all of these species in having the aculeus tip finely serrate. It differs further from A. amaryllis in having the distal part of the S-band narrower and shorter terminalia (oviscape more than 3 mm long in A. amaryllis ), from A. crassaculeus in lacking an extension on the S-band in cell m 4, having vein M 1 more strongly curved apically, fewer dorsobasal denticles on the eversible membrane, the aculeus not broadest at midlength, and the tip longer, from A. furcata and A. fuscata in having the orange area of the C-band extending broadly into cells r 1 and r 2+3, and from A. robusta in having a slightly more elongate aculeus tip (3.26 times as long as wide in A. wittiensis vs. 2.44–2.89 times in A. robusta ).

In the key of Zucchi et al. (2011) A. wittiensis runs to A. montei Lima, from which it differs in having a brown band on the posterior margin of the scutum, the aculeus dorsally curved and less rapidly tapered, and the aculeus tip longer and broader. Sequences for A. wittiensis were not included in the COI analysis of Moore et al. (in prep.).

Description. Mostly orange. Setae dark red brown.

Head: Mostly yellow to orange, except ocellar tubercle brown. 3–5 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak, 1.2–1.5 times as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, straight or concave on dorsal two-thirds. Antenna not extended to ventral facial margin. Palpus in lateral view dorsally curved, evenly setulose.

Thorax: Mostly yellow to orange, most of scutum orange; with following areas white to pale yellow: postpronotal lobe and lateral margin of scutum bordering it; medial scutal vitta, broadly quadrate posteriorly, extending laterally to dorsocentral seta; sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including base of intraalar seta; scutellum except extreme base; dorsal margins of anepisternum and katepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Scutum with brown band on posterior margin, not extended laterally to intra-alar seta. Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely orange. Mesonotum 3.39–3.85 mm long. Postpronotal lobe, notopleuron, scutum and scutellum entirely microtrichose; scutal setulae orange, pale brown laterally, evenly distributed sublaterally. Chaetotaxy typical for genus. Katepisternal seta weak, orange, less than half length of anepisternal seta.

Legs: Entirely yellow to orange.

Wing ( Figs. 72–73 ): Length 7.06–8.18 mm, width 2.78–3.19 mm, ratio 2.54–2.55. Apex of vein R 1 at 0.53–0.54 wing length, proximal to level of anterior end of crossvein r-m. Cell c 1.27–1.35 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 3.69–4.10 times as long as wide. Vein R 2+3 not sinuous. Crossvein r-m at 0.65–0.68 distance from bm-m to dm-m on vein M 1. Vein M 1 very strongly curved apically; cell r 4+5 at apex 0.73–0.86 times as wide as at level of dm-m, 0.59–0.65 times as wide as maximum subapical width. Cell cu a with distal lobe moderately long, length of cu a 1.57–1.62 times as long as anterior margin, lobe 0.68–0.70 times as long as vein CuA+CuP. Wing pattern mostly orange and moderate to dark brown. C-band mostly orange, base of cell c slightly darker, pterostigma mostly dark brown, distal margin of band in cells r 1 and r 2+3 narrowly brown, base and fork of vein Rs brown and small irregular brown marks aligned with it in extreme base of cell r 2+3 and in cell br, cell br also with triangular brown mark on distal margin of band. C-band and S-band broadly connected along vein R 4+5; hyaline marginal spot in cell r 1 subtriangular, with apex aligned proximal to anterior end of crossvein r-m. Basal hyaline area in cell dm relatively large. Basal half of S-band moderately broad, mostly orange, anterobasal margin narrowly brown in cells br, r 1, r 2+3, posterodistal margin narrowly brown anteriorly, more broadly posteriorly in cell m 4, extending into lobe of cell cu a, with strong incision in cell m 4; distal section mostly brown, with central orange area in cells r 1 and r 2+3; moderately broad, at apex of vein R 2+3 0.65–0.77 times width of cell r 2+3, extended to or almost to apex of vein M 1, without marginal hyaline areas; hyaline area proximal to apex of band extended to vein R 2+3. V-band with proximal arm moderately broad, mostly brown, orange medially in cell r 4+5 and bordering anterior part of crossvein dm-m; broadly connected to S-band along vein R 4+5; on posterior margin extended approximately two-thirds distance to vein CuA+CuP; distal arm mostly to entirely brown, connected to proximal arm; with or without hyaline area between arms of V-band and vein M 1, if present less than one-third width of cell cell r 4+5.

Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings.

Female terminalia: Oviscape 2.02–2.31 mm long, 0.60 times as long as mesonotum; entirely orange; spiracle at basal 0.38–0.41. Eversible membrane ( Fig. 97 ) with 7–8 hooklike dorsobasal denticles in irregular distal row in addition to approximately 13 short, stout, triangular denticles in suboval pattern. Aculeus ( Figs. 119–129 ) in lateral view strongly dorsally curved, 1.48 mm long, 0.73 times oviscape length; in ventral view base distinctly expanded, triangular, 0.18 mm wide, shaft 0.06 mm wide at midlength; tip ( Fig. 144 ) 0.22 mm long, 0.15 times aculeus length, 0.068 mm wide, 3.26 times as long as wide; in ventral view rapidly tapered, then parallel-sided, distal 0.25 very finely serrate, bluntly roundeed; 0.07 mm wide in lateral view, 1.04 times ventral width. Spermathecae not examined.

Distribution. Anastrepha wittiensis is known only from Suriname. We collected it only at Brownsberg.

Biology. One specimen was reared from fruit of Manilkara bidentata (A. DC.) A. Chev. (Sapotaceae) .

Type data. Holotype ♀ ( USNM USNMENT01527072 ), SURINAME: Brokopondo: Brownsberg Nature Park , [Witti Creek trail, 4.94162°N 55.1745°W, 336 m,] trap BNP-ML-42, [12 Feb –] 15 Apr 2018, A. Gangadin . Paratype: SURINAME: Brokopondo: Brownsberg Nature Park , 4.93998°N 55.1719°W, trap BNP-ML-45, 12 Feb–15 Apr 2018, A. Gangadin, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556818 ) ; Brownsberg Nature Park, Irene Val trail, 4.95606°N 55.18940°W, 349 m, trap BNP-ML-25, 12 Feb–14 Apr 2018, A. Gangadin, 2♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556822– 23 ) ; Brownsberg Nature Park, Leo Val trail, 4.95284°N 55.18799°W, 319 m, trap BNP-ML-28, 12 Feb–14 Apr 2018, A. Gangadin, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556821 ) ; Brownsberg Nature Park, Mazaroni Val trail, 4.93592°N 55.20094°W, 491 m, emerged 25 Mar 2019 reared ex fruit of Manilkara bidentata collected 24 Feb 2019, A. Gangadin & A. Muller F22004, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01526260 ) ; Brownsberg Nature Park, Witti Creek trail, near mark 0.5 km, 4.94589°N 55.17902°W, 419 m, trap BNP-ML-18, 11 Feb–15 Apr 2018, A. Gangadin, 4♂ 3♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556817 , USNMENT01556819–20 , USNMENT01556824–26 , USNMENT01556886 ) .

Etymology. The name of this species is derived from Witti Creek, where part of the type series was collected.

Comments. This species belongs to the robusta species group as indicated by the dark posterior band on the scutum, the connected wing bands, and the dorsally curved aculeus. It was not included in a preliminary phylogenetic analysis using anchored hybrid enrichment (Wiegmann et al., in prep.) nor the COI analysis of Moore et al. (in prep.).

Figures

FIGURES 17–18. Habitus: 17, A. wachiperi (Peru: Villa Carmen, USNMENT01526566); 18, A. wittiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT01527072).

FIGURES 67–73. Wings: 67, A. tenebrosa (Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT0152658067); 68, A. triangularis (Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT00875026); 69–71, A. wachiperi (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875217, Peru: Villa Carmen, USNMENT00744968, USNMENT01526566); 72–73, A. wittiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT01526260, USN- MENT01527072).

FIGURES 92–97. Eversible membranes, dorsal unless otherwise indicated: 92–93, A. surinamensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875034, USNMENT00875035); 94–95, A. tenebrosa (Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00766120; 95, apical); 96, A. triangularis (Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT00875026); 97, A. wittiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USN- MENT01526260).

FIGURES 98–120. Aculei, ventral unless otherwise indicated: 98, A. aithogaster (Suriname: Brownsberg, USN- MENT00875210); 99, A. aliesae (Suriname: Coebitie, USNMENT00875194); 100, A. brownsbergiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875023); 101–102, A. curvivenis (Peru: Tarapoto, USNMENT0074464; Suriname: Brownsberg, US- NMENT00875205); 103, A. fuscoalata (Suriname: Coebitie, USNMENT00875201); 104–105, A. gangadini (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875037, USNMENT00875039); 106–107, A. juxtalanceola (Brazil: REBIO-Rio Trombetas, USNMENT01113849; Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875157); 108, A. microstrepha (Suriname: Brownsberg, US- NMENT01526060); 109, A. mitaraka (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875225); 110, A. surinamensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875031); 111, A. tenebrosa (Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875629); 112, A. triangularis (Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT00875026); 113–114, A. crassaculeus (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875105; 114, lateral); 115–116, A. neptis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875004; Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875626); 117, A. sobrina (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875613); 118, A. wachiperi (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875217); 119–120, A. wittiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT01526260; 120, lateral).

FIGURES 132–144. Aculeus tips, ventral unless otherwise indicated: 132–133, A. microstrepha (Suriname: Brownsberg, USN- MENT01526060; 133, lateral); 134, A. mitaraka (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875225); 135–136, A. neptis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875004; Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875626); 137, A. sobrina (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875613); 138, A. surinamensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875031); 139, A. tenebrosa (Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875629); 140, A. triangularis (Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT00875026); 141–143, A. wachiperi (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875217; Peru: Villa Carmen, USNMENT00744968; 143, lateral); 144, A. wittiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT01526260).