Aleiodes bakeri (Brues, 1912)

Shaw, Scott R., Shimbori, Eduardo M. & Penteado-Dias, Angelica M., 2020, A revision of the Aleiodes bakeri (Brues) species subgroup of the A. seriatus species group with the descriptions of 18 new species from the Neotropical Region, ZooKeys 964, pp. 41-107 : 41

Aleiodes bakeri (Brues, 1912) Figs 21-24

Rhogas bakeri Brues, 1912: 222, fig 21.

Aleiodes bakeri Shenefelt, 1975: 1166.

not Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) bakeri Butcher & Quicke, 2011: 1417.

Type material examined.

Holotype, female (MCZ-Harvard). 7 labels: 1. "Rio Madeira, Brazil Mann & Baker." 2. “Madeira-mamoré R.R. Co. Camp 39." 3. “TYPE.” 4. "M.C.Z. H Type 29923." 5. " Rhogas bakeri Brues." 6. "MCZ Image Database." 7 "MCZ-ENT 00029923."

Non-type material examined.

BRAZIL: 2 females (CNCI), Encruzilhada, Bahia; 6 males (CNCI), Sinop, Mato Grosso; 25 females and 2 males (DCBU), PARNA Serra das Confusões, Caracolândia, Piauí; 3 females and 1 male (DCBU), PARNA Serra da Capivara, Coronel José Dias, Piauí; 3 females and 2 males (DCBU), PARNA Sete Cidades, Piracuruca, Piauí; 1 female (MZUSP), Buritis, Minas Gerais; 1 female (MZUSP), Cabeceiras, Goiás. PERU: 1 female (MUSM), CICRA, Madre de Dios.

Re-description of holotype.

Holotype in fair condition. All but the left front leg detached from body, two hind and two mid legs glued in a separate card, metasoma loose but still attached to body, both antennae broken before middle.

Body length 7.0 mm. Fore wing length 6.0 mm.

Head. In dorsal view eye length/temple 3.2. Eye height/head width 0.36. Eye height/minimum distance between eyes 1.1. OD/POL 2.5. OD/OOL 2.5. Frons excavated. Frons lateral carina present. Occipital carina dorsally incomplete. Occiput in dorsal view nearly straight, not indented medially. Occipital carina not curved toward ocelli. Occipital carina ventrally meeting hypostomal carina. Mid-longitudinal crest at upper face present. Hypoclypeal depression/face width 0.35. Malar space/eye height 0.2. Face height/width 0.65. Clypeus height/width ~ 0.6. Clypeus convex, granulate. Sculpture of head shiny granular-coriaceous. Face weakly rugose, with bulging granulate area below crest, transversely rugose-striate around median crest.

Antenna. Antennal segments (antenna broken). Antenna/body length unknown (antenna broken). Scape/pedicel length 2.0. Length of first/second flagellomere 1.3. Fourth flagellomere length/apical width 1.3.

Mesosoma. Length/height 1.5-1.6. Width of mesoscutum/width of head 0.55. Mesoscutum length/width ~ 1.0. Pronotal collar/vertex 0.5. Prescutellar sulcus with complete mid-longitudinal carina, and a few irregular and incomplete carinae laterally. Mesoscutum posterior border with distinct complete carina. Metanotum with mid-longitudinal carina complete, connecting to a carinate pit posteriorly. Metanotum mid-pit present, delimited by carinae. Mid-longitudinal carina of propodeum present at basal 0.7, absent posteriorly. Ventral mid-line of mesopleuron smooth, without distinct sulcus; pit at ventral mid-line present, shallow. Notauli present anteriorly, shallow and weakly crenulate. Sternaulus absent. Sculpture of mesosoma mostly granulate. Metapleuron rugose posteriorly. Pronotum rugose laterally, pronotal groove curvedly crenulate anteriorly. Mesopleuron mostly rugose. Subalar groove crenulate. Mid-posterior region of mesoscutum destroyed by pin. Mesoscutellar trough entirely costate. Metanotum mostly smooth and weakly crenulate. Propodeum rugose posteriorly.

Wings. Fore wing: Stigma length/height 3.6-3.9. Vein r/2RS 1.3. Vein r/RS+Mb 1.4. Vein 3RSa/2RS 1.3. Vein 3RSa/2M 0.8. Vein 3RSa/3RSb 0.3. Vein 1CUa/1CUb 0.9. Vein 1CUa/2CUa 1.8. Vein 1cu-a weakly inclivous. Vein 1M weakly curved basally. Vein RS+Ma distinctly curved. Vein M+CU virtually straight. Vein 1-1A weakly sinuate at apex. Vein 1a absent. Second submarginal cell short and trapezoidal. Subbasal cell glabrous, with two parallel rows of short setae subapically. Basal cell with more or less large glabrous region posteriorly, sometimes with sparse setae; costal and apical regions evenly setose. Hind wing: Vein RS bent at basal 0.3, with vein r present. Marginal cell narrowest at base. Vein M+CU/1M 1.9. Vein M+CU/r-m 1.6. Vein m-cu present, spectral. Vein m-cu position relative to vein r-m interstitial. Vein 2-1A absent. Basal cell evenly setose.

Hind legs. Femur length/width 4.3. Length of tibia/tarsi ~ 1.0. Length of basitarsus/tarsi 2-4 0.75. Sculpture of hind coxa dorsally shiny granular-coriaceous. Tarsal claws not pectinate.

Metasoma. T1 length/apical width ~ 1.1. T2 length/apical width ~ 0.8. T3 length/apical width 0.6. Mid-longitudinal carina extending until basal 0.7 of T3. Metasoma sculpture of T1, T2, and basal 0.7 of T3 rugose-costate, sculpture weaker at T3, remainder metasoma smooth. Ovipositor sheath/hind basitarsus 0.3. Apex of ovipositor sheaths roughly rounded; apical point relatively long and curved.

Color. Mostly pale honey yellow; all coxa, trochanter and trochantellus, and base of femur whitish (fore legs lighter than hind, hind coxa light yellow); stemmaticum and mandible tips brown; wings weakly tinged yellow, with two infuscate regions on fore wing, one around vein 1M, extending to a infuscate region below apex of subbasal cell, and another at stigma level, including the second submarginal cell and part of vein 2CUb (in original description the infuscate regions are described as cross-bands, maybe specimen lost color during the past 100 years; in holotype and in younger specimens the infuscate regions do not form cross bands. Instead there are infuscate regions around vein 1M, below apex of vein 1-1A, around vein r and veins forming the second submarginal cell, and around vein 2CUb medially); stigma brownish yellow without any dark spot; veins yellow, brown in the infuscate regions: veins 1M at basal ¾, 1CUa, apex of 1-1A, r, 2RS, 3RS, and 2CUb subapically.

Description of non-type specimens.

Body length 6.3-7.5 mm. Fore wing length 5.3-6.0 mm.

Head. In dorsal view eye length/temple 3.2-4.1. Eye height/head width 0.36-0.42. Eye height/minimum distance between eyes 1.1-1.3. OD/POL 2.5-3.7. OD/OOL 2.5-4.0. Frons excavated. Frons lateral carina present. Occipital carina dorsally incomplete. Occiput in dorsal view weakly indented medially. Occipital carina not curved toward ocelli. Occipital carina ventrally meeting hypostomal carina. Mid-longitudinal crest at upper face present. Hypoclypeal depression/face width 0.32-0.37. Malar space/eye height 0.14-0.20. Face height/width 0.6-0.7. Clypeus height/width 0.57-0.67. Clypeus convex, granulate. Sculpture of head shiny granular-coriaceous. Face weakly rugose, with bulging granulate area below crest, transversely rugose-striate around median crest.

Antenna. Antennal segments 46-51. Antenna/body length 1.1. Scape/pedicel length 2.0. Length of first/second flagellomere 1.2-1.3. Fourth flagellomere length/apical width 1.3-1.4. Tip of apical segment of antenna pointed.

Mesosoma. Length/height 1.7-1.8. Width of mesoscutum/width of head 0.65-0.68. Mesoscutum length/width 1.1-1.2. Pronotal collar/vertex 0.6-0.7. Prescutellar sulcus with complete mid-longitudinal carina, and a few irregular and incomplete carinae laterally. Mesoscutum posterior border with distinct complete carina. Metanotum with mid-longitudinal carina complete, connecting to a carinate pit posteriorly. Metanotum mid-pit present, delimited by carinae. Mid-longitudinal carina of propodeum present at basal 0.7, absent posteriorly. Ventral mid-line of mesopleuron smooth, without distinct sulcus; pit at ventral mid-line present, shallow. Notauli present anteriorly, shallow and weakly crenulate. Sternaulus absent. Sculpture of mesosoma mostly granulate, metapleuron rugose posteriorly. Pronotum rugose laterally, pronotal groove sparsely crenulate anteriorly. Mesopleuron mostly rugose. Subalar groove crenulate. Mid-posterior region of mesoscutum rugose with long and irregular mid-longitudinal carina. Mesoscutellar trough entirely costate. Metanotum mostly smooth and weakly crenulate. Propodeum rugose posteriorly.

Wings. Fore wing: Stigma length/height 3.7-4.0. Vein r/2RS 1.3-1.5. Vein r/RS+Mb 1.5-1.7. Vein 3RSa/2RS 1.4-1.6. Vein 3RSa/2M 0.82-0.85. Vein 3RSa/3RSb 0.37-0.40. Vein 1CUa/1CUb 0.9-1.0. Vein 1CUa/2CUa 1.6-2.0. Vein 1cu-a weakly inclivous, or nearly vertical. Vein 1M weakly curved basally. Vein RS+Ma distinctly curved. Vein M+CU virtually straight. Vein 1-1A weakly sinuate at apex. Second submarginal cell short and trapezoidal. Subbasal cell mostly glabrous, with two parallel rows of short setae subapically, and few scattered setae medially. Basal cell mostly evenly, rather sparsely setose, with narrow glabrous anal spot. Hind wing: Vein RS bent at basal 0.3, with vein r present. Marginal cell narrowest at base. Vein M+CU/1M 1.6-1.7. Vein M+CU/r-m 1.3-1.4. Vein m-cu present, spectral. Vein m-cu position relative to vein r-m interstitial, or antefurcal. Vein 2-1A absent. Basal cell evenly, rather sparsely setose, posteriorly with small bare area.

Hind legs. Femur length/width 4.4-4.6. Length of tibia/tarsi 0.9-1.0. Length of basitarsus/tarsi 2-4 0.72-0.74. Sculpture of hind coxa dorsally shiny granular-coriaceous. Tarsal claws not pectinate.

Metasoma. T1 length/apical width 1.0-1.1. T2 length/apical width 0.8-0.9. T3 length/apical width 0.6-0.7. Mid-longitudinal carina extending until near apex of T3, or extending until basal 0.7 of T3. Metasoma sculpture T1, T2 and basal 0.7 of T3 rugose-costate, remainder metasoma smooth. Ovipositor sheath/hind basitarsus 0.27-0.45. Apex of ovipositor sheaths roughly rounded; apical point relatively long and curved.

Color. Essentially as in holotype. Body color varying from brownish yellow to pale yellow. Some specimens have a brown subapical spot on the pterostigma.

Male. Essentially as in female. Body length 5.6-6.6 mm; fore wing length 4.3-5.4 mm; antenna with 48-50 segments.

Diagnosis.

The color patterns, body proportions, and other features of Aleiodes bakeri are similar to those in A. nigristemmaticum (Enderlein). The most useful characters to distinguish them are the occipital carina, which is incomplete at the vertex in bakeri (Fig. 24 ) but is complete in nigristemmaticum , and the hind wing venation, with vein M+CU being more than 2 × longer than 1M in bakeri (Fig. 23 ), as compared with ~ 1.5 × longer in nigristemmaticum . Specimens of A. nigristemmaticum have the antenna dark brown basally, lightening toward apex, as compared with entirely honey yellow in A. bakeri (Fig. 22 ). Three of the new species, A. angustus , A. asenjoi , and A. mabelae , also have a dorsally incomplete occipital carina. Two of these, A. angustus and A. asenjoi , are easily distinguished by having the fore wing vein 1a present (as in Fig. 1 ), while this vein is absent in A. bakeri (Fig. 2 ). Aleiodes mabelae can be distinguished by its longer fore wing second submarginal cell (Fig. 64 ) and the flagellum which is black at the base (Fig. 64 ). The second submarginal cell is comparatively shorter in A. bakeri (Figs 2 , 23 ), and the flagellum is entirely the same color, yellow or orange, without being black basally (Fig. 22 ).

Distribution.

Aleiodes bakeri is known from localities in Brazil and Peru.

Nomenclatural note.

Butcher and Quicke (2011) synonymized Hemigyroneuron Baker as a junior synonym of Aleiodes but retained Hemigyroneuron as a subgenus. The species Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) bakeri Butcher & Quicke, 2011 is not the same species as Aleiodes bakeri (Brues, 1912). Despite its assignment to a different subgenus, Aleiodes bakeri Butcher & Quicke, 2011 is a junior homonym of Aleiodes bakeri (Brues, 1912) and a replacement name is needed. There we hereby propose the new name, Aleiodes buntikae Shimbori & Shaw, nom. nov., for the species formerly called Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) bakeri Butcher & Quicke, 2011: p. 1417. The new name is a patronym in honor of Buntika Areekul-Butcher, author of the species formerly called Aleiodes (Hemigyroneuron) bakeri .

Figures

Figures 21 - 24. Aleiodes bakeri (Brues). 21 Holotype female, lateral view 22 non-type female, lateral view 23 wings 24 head, dorsal view.

Figures 1, 2. Aleiodes bakeri (Brues) species subgroup. 1 Wings with principal veins labelled 2 wings with principal cells labelled.

Figures 64, 65. Aleiodes mabelae sp. nov. 64 lateral habitus 65 head, dorsal view showing interrupted occipital carina.