Phylloporia sumacoensis Y.C. Dai, F. Wu, Meng Zhou & Vlasak, 2022

Zhou, Meng, Wu, Fang, Dai, Yu-Cheng & Vlasak, Josef, 2022, Two new species of Phylloporia (Hymenochaetales) from the Neotropics, MycoKeys 90, pp. 71-83 : 71

Phylloporia sumacoensis Y.C. Dai, F. Wu, Meng Zhou & Vlasak sp. nov.

Figs 4 , 5

Type.

Ecuador, Guamani , Wild Sumaco Lodge; alt. 1200m; 0°40'S, 77°36'W; 30. Sep. 2021; Vlasák leg.; on living liana in tropical cloud forest; JV2109/73 (holotype BJFC038576, isotype PRM957107). GenBank: ON129552 (ITS); ON006468 (LSU) .

Etymology.

- Sumacoensis (Lat.): refer to the species being found close to Sumaco Vulcan, Ecuador.

Diagnosis.

Phylloporia sumacoensis is characterized by pileate, perennial basidiomata with a thin layer of context between individual tube layers, a duplex context with a black line separating the upper tomentum and a lower compacted layer, very small pores 10-12 per mm, a monomitic hyphal system, generative hyphae thin- to distinctly thick-walled with simple septa, the hyphae at dissepiment edges bearing fine crystals, presence of cystidioles, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores as 3-3.7 × 2.1-2.8 μm, and growth on living liana at medium elevation in the Neotropical cloud forest.

Basidiomata.

Perennial, pileate, solitary, broadly attached to the substrate, corky when fresh, hard corky when dry. Pilei applanate to semi-circular, projecting up to 4 cm, 5 cm wide and 15 mm thick at base. Pileal surface fuscous to vinaceous gray when fresh, become fulvous to date brown when dry, concentrically zonate and sulcate, densely tomentose, the tomentum up to 4 mm thick; margin obtuse, entire. Pore surface brownish gray to yellowish gray and glancing when fresh, become snuff brown when dry; pores round, 10-12 per mm; dissepiments thick, entire. Context fulvous, up to 8 mm thick, duplex, with a black line separating an upper soft corky tomentum, up to 4 mm thick and the lower compacted layer, hard corky, up to 4 mm thick. Tubes fawn, darker than context, up to 7 mm long, distinctly stratified, usually with a thin layer of context between individual tube layers.

Hyphal structure.

Hyphal system monomitic; generative hyphae simple septate; tissue darkening but otherwise unchanged in the shape of the hyphae in KOH.

Context. Hyphae in the lower context golden yellow, thick-walled with a narrow to medium lumen, unbranched, occasionally simple septate, interwoven, 3-5 μm diam.; hyphae in the tomentum brownish yellow, fairly thick-walled with a wide lumen, unbranched, frequently simple septate, some collapsed, loosely interwoven, 5-7 μm diam.

Tubes. Tramal hyphae hyaline to golden yellow, thin- to thick-walled with a narrow to medium lumen, rarely branched, frequently to occasionally simple septate, parallel or subparallel along the tubes, 2-4 μm diam.; hyphae at dissepiment edges bearing fine crystals.

Hymenium. Cystidia absent, fusoid cystidioles rarely present; basidia barrel-shaped with four sterigmata and a simple septum at the base, 10-12 × 4.5-5 μm. Basidioles similar to basidia in shape, but slightly smaller. Basidiospores broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, yellowish, thick-walled, smooth, some collapsed, IKI-, CB-, (2.9-)3-3.7(-3.9) × 2.1-2.8 μm, L = 3.18 μm, W = 2.48 μm, Q = 1.28 (n = 30/1).

Notes.

Phylogenetically, Phylloporia sumacoensis is closely related to two other Neotropical species, P. spathulata (Hook.) Ryvarden sensu auctore and P. ulloae R. Valenz. et al. (Fig. 1 ). However, P. spathulata differs from P. sumacoensis in having stipitate basidiomata, wider pores (7-9 per mm vs. 10-12 per mm), and the absence of cystidioles ( Ryvarden 2004). Phylloporia ulloae differs from P. sumacoensis in having wider pores (6-8 per mm vs. 10-12 per mm) and longer basidia (14.5-16 μm vs. 10-12 μm) ( Valenzuela et al. 2011). Morphologically, P. sumacoensis is similar to P. fontanesiae L.W. Zhou & Y.C. Dai by sharing same pores size and broadly ellipsoid basidiospore ( Zhou and Dai 2012), but the latter species has an annual habit, shorter basidia (6-7 × 3.5-4 µm vs. 10-12 × 4.5-5 μm), shorter basidiospores (2.5-3 μm vs. 3-3.7 μm), and growth on living Fontanesia in Asia ( Zhou and Dai 2012). In addition, P. sumacoensis and P. fontanesiae are phylogenetically distantly related (Fig. 1 ).

Figures

Figure 1. Phylogeny of Phylloporia inferred from the 28 S dataset. The topology is from the ML analysis, and the support values from ML (former) and BI (latter) analyses simultaneously greater than or equal to 50 % and 0.90 are indicated at the nodes, respectively. The new species are in boldface.

Figure 4. A basidiomata of Phylloporia sumacoensis (holotype, JV 2109 / 73). Scale bar: 1 cm.

Figure 5. Microscopic structures of Phylloporia sumacoensis (drawn from the holotype, JV 2109 / 73). a basidiospores b basidia and basidioles c cystidioles d hyphae from upper tomentum e hyphae from lower compacted context f hyphae from dissepiment edge.