Chinavia brasicola (Rolston, 1983)

Fuerstenau, Brenda Bianca Rodrigues Jesse, Schwertner, Cristiano Feldens & Grazia, Jocelia, 2013, Comparative morphology of immature stages of four species of Chinavia (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), with a key to the species of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, ZooKeys 319, pp. 59-82 : 65-67

Chinavia brasicola (Rolston, 1983) Figs 13-18

Remarks.

Adults have general body color green, connexivum red-orange with black maculae on posterolateral angles ( Rolston 1983). The distribution includes the Brazilian states of São Paulo, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul ( Schwertner and Grazia 2007). The single sitting record is a fern Dennstaedtia globulifera (Poir.) Hieron ( Pteridophyta ) ( Schwertner and Grazia 2007). The morphometric parameters of nymphal instars are shown in Table 4.

First instar

(Fig. 14). Body round and convex surface without punctuation. General coloration dark brown to black. Head conical and strongly declivent; black, with median orange macula, which extends from the posterior portion of the head to the anterior margin of mesonotum; clypeus with apex obtuse, slightly surpassing the mandibular plates, these subtriangular shaped. Ocelli absent. Antennae black; intersegmental areas with orange color; antennal segments with short and uniformly distributed hairs. Antennal segment I shortest and antennal segment IV longest. Antennal segments III and IV subequal in size. Rostrum black, reaching anterior margin of urosternite II. Thorax mostly dark, except for the orange median macula. Legs black, with hairs uniformly distributed on all segments, tibiae dorsally flattened, tarsi with two segments, a pair of tarsal claws and pulvili. Abdomen predominantly black, with three pairs (3+3) of white maculae, located between lateral and median plates. Median dorsal plates black; ostioles on median dorsal plates I-III. Lateral plates semicircular, black, without punctuation, adjacent to lateral margin of each segment. Spiracles near anterior margin of lateral plates, on urosternites II to VIII. From urosternites III to VII, 1+1 trichobothria placed medially of an imaginary line across spiracles and near posterior margin of each segment.

Second instar

(Fig. 15). Body oval and less convex than first instar. General color black, with punctuation on the dorsum of the head, thorax, median and lateral plates. Head less declivent than in previous instar. Clypeus obtuse at apex, subequal in size to the mandibular plates, which are broader than that observed in previous instar. Eyes almost as wide as base of clypeus. Rostrum black, surpassing the anterior margin of urosternite III. Thorax with 1+1 orange maculae along the margins of pronotum; lateral margins of pro- and mesonotum slightly deflected. Legs black, hairs more dense on tibiae. Abdomen predominantly black, maculae distributed as follows: one, white, round maculae, located anteriad of first median plate; a pair (1+1) of white maculae, located on each side of the first lateral plates; a pair (1+1) of large, rounded, orange maculae, located between lateral plates and first median plate and four pairs (4+4) white, located between lateral and median plates, the third pair is the largest. Median and lateral dorsal plates black punctured. Urosternites III to VII with 2+2 trichobothria, one trichobothrium medially of the spiracular line and the other along that line. Other characteristics as described for the first instar.

Third instar

(Fig. 16). Antennal segment I shorter, segments II and IV subequal in length, larger than segment III. Thorax punctured, predominantly black, except an orange maculae along each margin. Pronotum with margins slightly deflected and serrate. Legs black, except for the area between the femur and tibia, which has light brown color; hairs denser on the ventral surface of tibia and tarsus. Abdomen with a round white macula anteriad of first median plate; one pair (1+1) of orange maculae between the first median plate and lateral plates, and four pairs (4+4) of white maculae located between median and lateral plates of tergites IV-VII. Other characters as described for the previous instar.

Fourth instar

(Fig. 17). Body oval, less convex than in earlier instars, predominantly black. Head less declivent than in previous instar, black, with punctures. Some specimens with an orange band in the middle of each mandibular plates. Antennae with abundant hairs on segments III and IV. Thorax predominantly black, with orange maculae at margins of pro- and mesonotum. Pronotum trapezoidal; mesonotum rectangular, posterior margin wide, V-shaped, denoting the formation of scutellum. Wing pads slightly developed, reaching posterior margin of metanotum. Dorsal abdominal maculae with the same color and distribution as observed in third instar, but wider. Lateral plates semicircular, predominantly orange, slightly punctured. Other characteristics as described in the previous instars.

Fifth instar

(Fig. 18). Body oval to pyriform, predominantly black. Head flat; mandibular plates wide, each with orange band present in some individuals. Thorax predominantly black, 1+1 orange maculae on pronotum and mesonotum along the anterolateral margins, median macula orange. Pronotum wider; mesonotum more developed; scutellum well delimited. Wing pads well developed, surpassing the middle of abdominal segment III. Legs black, hairs denser ventrally. Abdomen black, coarsely punctured with maculae dorsally distributed as follows: one pair (1+1) of orange maculae near first median plate, with another white, semicircular macula between the preceding two maculae; and four pairs (4+4) of white maculae, located near lateral plates, on segments IV to VII; lateral plates with semicircular orange maculae, outlined in black. Urosternite VIII split longitudinally in females and entire in males. Other characteristics as described in the previous instars.