Ceraphron sp. 1, Jurine, 1807

Salden, Tobias & Peters, Ralph S., 2023, Afrotropical Ceraphronoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera) put back on the map with the description of 88 new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 884 (1), pp. 1-386 : 299-314

Ceraphron sp. 1

Fig. 86

Diagnosis

F1 2.8× as long as wide; F6 1.9× as long as wide; head height 1.91 × maximum eye diameter; pairs of translucent patches on metasomal syntergum and synsternum. Male genitalia: harpe triangular to cone-shaped in ventral and dorsal view; harpe/gvc index 0.63; dorsomedial margins of harpes slightly converging and almost touching at distodorsal margin of gvc, dorsomedial margin of harpe slightly concave and diverging distolaterally from base to apex; apex of harpe pointed; longest lateral setae as long as harpe; harpe with at least seven median setae restricted to apical half, longest median setae two thirds as long as harpe.

Material examined

TANZANIA • 1 ♂; Kilimanjaro Region, Mount Kilimanjaro; 3°8′18.7 S, 37°18′19.2 E; 2650 m a.s.l.; 8 Oct. 2012; KiLi project leg.; “low ex”; FOC4, Ocotea forest; Coloured pan trap; ZFMK; ZFMK- HYM-00037080 .

Description

Male

BODY LENGTH. 1.15 mm.

COLOUR. Head brown, mesosoma brown, metasoma light brown; scape and pedicel light brown-yellowish, flagellum light brown; legs light brown-yellowish except coxae brown; fore wing venation light brown, fore and hind wing disc slightly melanized.

ANTENNA. 11-segmented, flagellomeres cylindric; scape 3.9× as long as pedicel, scape longer than F1 and F2 combined, F1 2.8× as long as wide, F1 1.8× as long as pedicel, F1 1.1× as long as F2, F1 shorter than F7 and F8 combined, F1 shorter than F9, F6 1.9 × as long as wide, F6 shorter than F7 and F8 combined; numerous small multiporous plates on flagellomeres, sensillae on flagellomeres sickle-shaped and shorter than width of flagellomeres.

HEAD. Head width 1.14 × head height; head width 1.72 × interorbital space; maximum eye diameter 1.28 × minimum eye diameter; head height 1.91 × maximum eye diameter. Dorsal margin of occipital carina ventral to dorsal margin of lateral ocellus in lateral view; preoccipital furrow present; preoccipital carina present. OOL:POL:LOL 1.00:0.54:0.42; OOL 3.00 × lateral ocellus diameter. White, thick setae on upper face present; supraclypeal depression present; lateral margin of torulus raised; intertorular carina present; posterolateral processes of gena absent.

MESOSOMA, METASOMA. Mesosoma not compressed laterally. Head width 0.94 × mesosoma width; Weber length 363 µm. Mesoscutum densely setose, setae curved backwards; median mesoscutal sulcus present; median mesoscutal sulcus adjacent to transscutal articulation; interaxillar sulcus present (= scutoscutellar sulcus not adjacent to transscutal articulation), scutoscutellar sulcus straight; dorsal axillar area setose, setae curved backwards; mesoscutellum sparsely setose, setae curved backwards or straight. Mesoscutum width 1.92 × mesoscutellum width; posterior mesoscutal width 1.50 × mesoscutellum width; mesoscutellum length 1.71 × mesoscutellum width; mesoscutellum length 1.14 × posterior mesoscutal width; Weber length 1.26 × mesoscutum width; Weber length 1.41 × mesoscutellum length. Anteromedian projection of the metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex curved in lateral view with pointed and lighter end; mesometapleural sulcus absent; posterior propodeal projection straight and light in ventrolateral view; posterior mesosomal comb indistinct. Basal transverse carina of petiole (on syntergum) present; at least eight distinct, basal longitudinal carinae on syntergum; pairs of translucent patches on metasomal syntergum and synsternum.

FORE WING. Length 2.89 × width; stigmal vein longer than 3× pterostigma marginal length.

MALE GENITALIA. Genital length 188 µm; Weber length 1.93 × genital length; gvc width 78 µm; genital length 2.40× gvc width; gvc width two thirds of gvc length; gvc width 1.09 × distal gvc width. Distodorsal margin of gvc slightly descending proximomedially ( Fig. 86C ); proximoventral margin of gvc slightly concave; distoventral margin of gvc descending proximomedially ( Fig. 86A ); ventral area of gvc straight ( Fig. 86B ); proximolateral margin of gvc slightly ascending ventrally; distolateral margin of gvc convex, more strongly descending ventrally ( Fig. 86B ). Harpe triangular to cone-shaped in ventral and dorsal view; harpe/gvc index 0.63; lateral articulation site of harpe with gvc not flush ( Fig. 86A, C ); ventral margin of harpe slightly concave and with small emargination at apical quarter, dorsal margin straight in basal quarter and slightly concave in apical three quarters ( Fig. 86B ), lateral margin slightly convex, widest point of harpe at apical third ( Fig. 86A, C ); dorsomedial margins of harpes slightly converging and almost touching at distodorsal margin of gvc, dorsomedial margin of harpe slightly concave and diverging distolaterally from base to apex ( Fig. 86C ), apex of harpe pointed ( Fig. 86A, C ). Harpe with at least four lateral setae restricted to apical half, longest lateral setae as long as harpe, lateral setae oriented distodorsally, distolaterally and distoventrally; harpe with at least seven median setae restricted to apical half, longest median setae two thirds as long as harpe, median setae oriented distodorsally, distomedially and distoventrally. Aedeagus + gonossiculus half as long as harpe, apex of aedeagus + gonossiculus acute ( Fig. 86A, C ) and dorsal to apex of harpe. Genitalia moderately sclerotized with strongest sclerotization at aedeagus + gonossiculus and harpe.

Female

Unknown.

Variation

Unknown.

Biology

Host unknown, specimen collected with coloured pan trap.

Distribution

Afrotropical: Tanzania.

Remarks

Comparison with similar species

Ceraphron sp. 1 and C. isukha sp. nov. are easily distinguishable, for example by the differently shaped flagellomeres. The genitalia of both species are very similar, but can be distinguished by the following characters: the harpe/gvc index of C. sp. 1 is 0.63 and that of C. isukha is 0.52, the apex of the harpe is pointed in C. sp. 1 and rounded in C. isukha , the dorsomedial margin of the harpe is slightly concave in C. sp. 1 and straight in C. isukha and the setal arrangement with lateral setae as long as the harpe is very distinctive in C. sp. 1.

Condition of the specimen Ceraphron sp. 1 had been card-mounted and was later removed from the card and placed in glycerol. Parts of the proximal and dorsal gvc are deformed, thus the proximal margin and the dorsal area of the gvc cannot be described. Also, the distal flagellomeres are deformed, i.e., reliable comparisons of flagellomere width are not possible. The right fore wing and one hind wing are separately glued to a card, and one hind wing is missing. The left middle leg is missing. The left hind leg is detached (except coxa) but separately glued to the card. The posterior half of the metasoma is deformed and partly missing, thus the body length measurement is not precise. Ceraphron sp. 1 is deposited in the ZFMK as ZFMK-HYM-00037080.

Ceraphron sp. 2

Fig. 87

Diagnosis

Scape and pedicel yellowish, flagellum yellowish to brown, gradually darkening from F1 to F9; sensillae on flagellomeres sickle-shaped and distinctly shorter than width of flagellomeres; legs yellowish except pro- and mesocoxa brown; interaxillar sulcus present (= scutoscutellar sulcus not adjacent to transscutal articulation). Male genitalia: harpe triangular to cone-shaped in ventral and dorsal view; harpe/gvc index 0.44; dorsomedial margins of harpes slightly converging and almost touching at distodorsal margin of gvc, dorsomedial margin of harpe straight and slightly diverging distolaterally in approximately basal quarter, slightly concave and slightly diverging distolaterally in approximately apical three quarters; longest lateral setae more than two thirds as long as harpe; dorsal area of gvc slightly indented distomedially; aedeagus + gonossiculus as long as harpe; genitalia moderately sclerotized with strongest sclerotization at apical margin of harpe and apical aedeagus + gonossiculus.

Material examined

KENYA • 1 ♂; Western Province, Kakamega Forest; 00°18′13.4 N, 34°48′16 E; 1554 m a.s.l.; 20 Jun. 2007; F. Hita Garcia leg.; Transect 5; primary rain forest; Winkler leaf litter extraction; ZFMK; ZFMK- HYM-00036873 .

Description

Male

BODY LENGTH. 1.11 mm.

COLOUR. Head dark brown, mesosoma brown, metasoma brown except anterior third lighter; scape and pedicel yellowish, flagellum yellowish to brown, gradually darkening from F1 to F9; legs yellowish except pro- and mesocoxa brown, fore wing venation light brown, fore and hind wing disc slightly melanized.

ANTENNA. Flagellomeres cylindric; scape 3.9 × as long as pedicel, scape longer than F1 and F2 combined, F1 2.3 × as long as wide, F1 1.7 × as long as pedicel, F1 1.2 × as long as F2, F1 shorter than F7 and F8 combined, F6 1.7× as long as wide, F6 shorter than F7 and F8 combined; few medium-sized multiporous plates on flagellomeres, sensillae on flagellomeres sickle-shaped and distinctly shorter than width of flagellomeres.

HEAD. Head width 1.12 × head height; head width 1.97 × interorbital space; maximum eye diameter 1.24 × minimum eye diameter; head height 1.65 × maximum eye diameter. Dorsal margin of occipital carina ventral to dorsal margin of lateral ocellus in lateral view; preoccipital furrow present; preoccipital carina present. OOL:POL:LOL 1.00:0.56:0.61; OOL 2.00 × lateral ocellus diameter. White, thick setae on upper face present; supraclypeal depression present; lateral margin of torulus raised; intertorular carina present; posterolateral processes of gena absent.

MESOSOMA, METASOMA. Mesosoma not compressed laterally. Head width 0.98 × mesosoma width; Weber length 413 µm. Mesoscutum densely setose, setae curved backwards; median mesoscutal sulcus present; median mesoscutal sulcus adjacent to transscutal articulation; interaxillar sulcus present (= scutoscutellar sulcus not adjacent to transscutal articulation), scutoscutellar sulcus straight; dorsal axillar area setose, setae curved backwards; mesoscutellum sparsley setose, setae curved backwards or straight. Mesoscutum width 1.85 × mesoscutellum width; posterior mesoscutal width 1.31 × mesoscutellum width; mesoscutellum length 1.38 × mesoscutellum width; mesoscutellum length 1.06 × posterior mesoscutal width; Weber length 1.38 × mesoscutum width; Weber length 1.83 × mesoscutellum length. Anteromedian projection of the metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex curved in lateral view with blunt and lighter end, extending to end of mesosoma; mesometapleural sulcus absent; posterior propodeal projection straight in ventrolateral view; posterior mesosomal comb absent. Basal transverse carina of petiole (on syntergum) present; at least six distinct, basal longitudinal carinae on syntergum; translucent patches on metasoma absent.

FORE WING. Length 3.29 × width; stigmal vein slightly longer than 3× pterostigma marginal length.

MALE GENITALIA. Genital length 188 µm; Weber length 2.20 × genital length; gvc width 72 µm; genital length 2.61× gvc width; gvc width less than two thirds of gvc length; gvc width 1.23 × distal gvc width. Proximodorsal margin of gvc slightly concave; distodorsal margin of gvc descending proximomedially ( Fig. 87C ); proximoventral margin of gvc slightly concave; distoventral margin of gvc descending proximomedially ( Fig. 87A ); ventral area of gvc slightly convex; dorsal area of gvc slightly convex ( Fig. 87B ), slightly indented distomedially; proximolateral margin of gvc slightly ascending ventrally; distolateral margin of gvc convex, more strongly descending ventrally ( Fig. 87B ). Harpe triangular to cone-shaped in ventral and dorsal view; harpe/gvc index 0.44; lateral articulation site of harpe with gvc not flush ( Fig. 87A, C ); ventral margin of harpe slightly concave, dorsal margin straight ( Fig. 87B ), lateral margin slightly convex, widest point of harpe at apical half ( Fig. 87A, C ); dorsomedial margins of harpes slightly converging and almost touching at distodorsal margin of gvc, dorsomedial margin of harpe straight and slightly diverging distolaterally in approximately basal quarter, slightly concave and slightly diverging distolaterally in approximately apical three quarters ( Fig. 87C ), apex of harpe pointed, oriented slightly distomedially ( Fig. 87A, C ). Harpe with at least two lateral setae restricted to apical quarter, longest lateral setae more than two thirds as long as harpe, lateral setae oriented distolaterally; harpe with at least two apical setae, longest apical setae less than half as long as harpe, apical setae oriented distomedially and distoventrally; harpe with at least seven median setae, longest median setae more than half as long as harpe, median setae oriented distomedially, distoventrally and medioventrally. Aedeagus + gonossiculus as long as harpe, apex of aedeagus + gonossiculus acute ( Fig. 87A, C ) and ventral to apex of harpe. Genitalia moderately sclerotized with strongest sclerotization at apical margin of harpe and apical aedeagus + gonossiculus.

Female

Unknown.

Variation

Unknown.

Biology

Host unknown, specimen collected from leaf litter.

Distribution

Afrotropical: Kenya.

Remarks

Comparison with similar species Ceraphron sp. 2 and C. digiti sp. nov. have very similar male genitalia, distinguishable only by small differences of the setal arrangement of the harpe and the sclerotization of the male genitalia. However, both species are distinguishable by other characters: C. sp. 2 has a dark brown head and C. digiti has a brown head. The scape and pedicel and the metacoxa of C. sp. 2 are yellowish and the scape and pedicel of C. digiti are light brown and the metacoxa is brown. The flagellomeres of C. sp. 2 are slightly longer and thinner than those of C. digiti .

For more comparisons with similar species, see remarks under C. herreni sp. nov.

Condition of the specimen

In the holotype, both F9, left hind leg (except coxa), and terminal parts of the metasoma are missing. Proximal parts of the genitalia are covered with tissue and the ventral area of the gvc is slightly deformed. Ceraphron sp. 2 is deposited in the ZFMK as ZFMK-HYM-00036873.

Ceraphron sp. 3

Fig. 88

Diagnosis

Scape as long as F1 and F2 combined; F1 2.7 × as long as wide, F6 1.9× as long as wide; preoccipital carina distinct; posterolateral processes of gena present. Male genitalia: harpe triangular in ventral and dorsal view; harpe/gvc index 0.36; dorsomedial margins of harpes converging and almost touching at distodorsal margin of gvc, dorsomedial margin of harpe straight and diverging distolaterally from base to apex; harpe with at least one lateral seta restricted to apical third, longest lateral seta more than three quarters as long as harpe; harpe with at least two apical setae, longest apical setae more than three quarters as long as harpe; aedeagus + gonossiculus slightly less than as long as harpe; gvc width 1.39 × distal gvc width; genitalia weakly sclerotized with strongest sclerotization at harpe and aedeagus + gonossiculus.

Material examined

KENYA • 1 ♂; Western Province, Kakamega Forest; 00°23′6.2 N, 34°33′37.8 E; 1602 m a.s.l.; 23 Jul. 2007; F. Hita Garcia leg.; Transect 11; primary rain forest; Winkler leaf litter extraction; ZFMK; ZFMK- HYM-00036891 .

Description

Male

BODY LENGTH. 1.05 mm.

COLOUR. Head brown, mesosoma brown, metasoma brown; scape and pedicel yellowish, flagellum light brown, gradually darkening from F1 to F9; legs yellowish except pro- and mesocoxa brown and proximal two thirds of metacoxa brown; fore wing venation light brown, fore and hind wing disc slightly melanized, fore wing at proximal part less melanized.

ANTENNA. 11-segmented, flagellomeres cylindric; scape 3.5× as long as pedicel, scape as long as F1 and F2 combined, F1 2.7× as long as wide, F1 2.0× as long as pedicel, F1 1.3× as long as F2, F1 shorter than F7 and F8 combined, F1 shorter than F9, F6 1.9 × as long as wide, F6 shorter than F7 and F8 combined, F6 1.3 × as high as F9; numerous small multiporous plates on flagellomeres, sensillae on flagellomeres sickle-shaped and shorter than width of flagellomeres.

HEAD. Head width 1.13 × head height; head width 1.89 × interorbital space; maximum eye diameter 1.24 × minimum eye diameter; head height 1.73 × maximum eye diameter. Dorsal margin of occipital carina ventral to dorsal margin of lateral ocellus in lateral view; preoccipital furrow present; preoccipital carina distinct. OOL:POL:LOL 1.00:0.50:0.50; OOL 2.00 × lateral ocellus diameter. White, thick setae on upper face present; supraclypeal depression present; lateral margin of torulus raised; intertorular carina present; posterolateral processes of gena present.

MESOSOMA, METASOMA. Mesosoma not compressed laterally. Head width 0.96 × mesosoma width; Weber length 375 µm. Mesoscutum densely setose, setae curved backwards; median mesoscutal sulcus present; median mesoscutal sulcus adjacent to transscutal articulation; interaxillar sulcus absent (= scutoscutellar sulcus adjacent to transscutal articulation), scutoscutellar sulcus concave; dorsal axillar area setose, setae curved backwards; mesoscutellum setose, setae curved backwards or straight. Mesoscutum width 1.75 × mesoscutellum width; posterior mesoscutal width 1.46 × mesoscutellum width; mesoscutellum length 1.50× mesoscutellum width; mesoscutellum length 1.03 × posterior mesoscutal width; Weber length 1.43 × mesoscutum width; Weber length 1.67 × mesoscutellum length. Anteromedian projection of the metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex curved in lateral view with blunt and lighter end, extending to end of mesosoma; mesometapleural sulcus indistinct; posterior propodeal projection straight and light in ventrolateral view; posterior mesosomal comb absent. Basal transverse carina of petiole (on syntergum) present; at least six distinct, basal longitudinal carinae on syntergum; pairs of translucent patches on metasomal syntergum and synsternum.

FORE WING. Length 2.75 × width; stigmal vein longer than 3× pterostigma marginal length.

MALE GENITALIA. Genital length 131 µm; Weber length 2.86 × genital length; gvc width 69 µm; genital length 1.91× gvc width; gvc width two thirds of gvc length; gvc width 1.39 × distal gvc width. Proximodorsal margin of gvc straight; distodorsal margin of gvc slightly descending proximomedially ( Fig. 88C ); proximoventral margin of gvc concave; distoventral margin of gvc slightly descending proximomedially ( Fig. 88A ); ventral area of gvc slightly convex; dorsal area of gvc convex ( Fig. 88B ); proximolateral margin of gvc ascending and emarginated ventrally; distolateral margin of gvc slightly descending ventrally ( Fig. 88B ). Harpe triangular in ventral and dorsal view; harpe/gvc index 0.36; lateral articulation site of harpe with gvc virtually flush ( Fig. 88A, C ); ventral margin of harpe concave; dorsal margin convex in basal half and straight ind apical half ( Fig. 88B ), lateral margin straight, widest point of harpe at lateral articulation site with gvc ( Fig. 88A, C ); dorsomedial margins of harpes converging and almost touching at distodorsal margin of gvc, dorsomedial margin of harpe straight and diverging distolaterally from base to apex ( Fig. 88C ), apex of harpe pointed ( Fig. 88A, C ). Harpe with at least one lateral seta restricted to apical third, longest lateral seta more than three quarters as long as harpe, lateral seta oriented distolaterally; harpe with at least two apical setae, longest apical setae more than three quarters as long as harpe, apical setae oriented distolaterally and distoventrally; harpe with at least three median setae, longest median setae more than one third as long as harpe, median setae oriented distomedially and distoventrally. Aedeagus + gonossiculus slightly less than as long as harpe, apex of aedeagus + gonossiculus pointed ( Fig. 88A, C ) and dorsal to apex of harpe. Genitalia weakly sclerotized with strongest sclerotization at harpe and aedeagus + gonossiculus.

Female

Unknown.

Variation

Unknown.

Biology

Host unknown, specimen collected from leaf litter.

Distribution

Afrotropical: Kenya.

Remarks

Comparison with similar species

The male genitalia of C. sp. 3 are similar to those of C. sp. 4 and C. mikoi sp. nov. but can be distinguished by differences in the sclerotization pattern, in the setal arrangement, the length of the setae and the shape of the margins of the harpes.

For more comparisons with similar species, see remarks under C. isecheno sp. nov.

Condition of of the specimen

In the specimen, the left F3–F9, the left fore wing, both hind wings, and the right middle and hind leg (except coxae) are missing. Ceraphron sp. 3 is deposited in the ZFMK as ZFMK-HYM-00036891.

Ceraphron sp. 4

Fig. 89

Diagnosis

Flagellum gradually lightening from F1 to F9; F1 2.8 × as long as wide, scape slightly longer than F1 and F2 combined, F1 slightly shorter than F9. Male genitalia: harpe triangular in ventral and dorsal view; harpe/gvc index 0.29; lateral articulation site of harpe with gvc flush; dorsomedial margins of harpes slightly converging and almost touching at distodorsal margin of gvc, dorsomedial margin of harpe convex and diverging distolaterally from base to apex, apex of harpe slightly pointed, oriented distolaterally; dorsal area of gvc slightly indented distomedially; harpe with at least one lateral seta restricted to basal third, longest lateral seta more than half as long as harpe; longest apical setae more than two thirds as long as harpe; aedeagus + gonossiculus more than as long as harpe; gvc width 1.47 × distal gvc width.

Material examined

KENYA • 1 ♂; Western Province, Kakamega Forest; 00°21′4.4 N, 34°51′41.1 E; 1602 m a.s.l.; 5 Jun. 2007; F. Hita Garcia leg.; Transect 2; primary rain forest; Winkler leaf litter extraction; ZFMK; ZFMK- HYM-00036923 .

Description

Male

BODY LENGTH. 0.98 mm.

COLOUR. Head brown, mesosoma brown, metasoma light brown except anterior third lighter; scape and pedicel yellowish, flagellum light brown, gradually lightening from F1 to F9; legs yellowish except pro-and mesocoxa brown and proximal third of metacoxa brown; fore wing venation light brown, fore and hind wing disc slightly melanized, fore wing at proximal part less melanized.

ANTENNA. 11-segmented, flagellomeres cylindric; scape 3.5× as long as pedicel, scape slightly longer than F1 and F2 combined, F1 2.8 × as long as wide, F1 1.8 × as long as pedicel, F1 1.4× as long as F2, F1 shorter than F7 and F8 combined, F1 slightly shorter than F9, F6 1.8× as long as wide, F6 shorter than F7 and F8 combined, F6 1.2 × as high as F9; numerous medium-sized multiporous plates on flagellomeres, sensillae on flagellomeres sickle-shaped and shorter than width of flagellomeres.

HEAD. Head width 1.18 × head height; head width 1.79 × interorbital space; maximum eye diameter 1.14 × minimum eye diameter; head height 1.78 × maximum eye diameter. Dorsal margin of occipital carina ventral to dorsal margin of lateral ocellus in lateral view; preoccipital furrow present; preoccipital carina present. OOL:POL:LOL 1.00:0.53:0.53; OOL 2.25 × lateral ocellus diameter. White, thick setae on upper face present; supraclypeal depression present; lateral margin of torulus raised; intertorular carina present; posterolateral processes of gena absent.

MESOSOMA, METASOMA. Mesosoma not compressed laterally. Head width 1.07 × mesosoma width; Weber length 303 µm. Mesoscutum densely setose, setae curved backwards; median mesoscutal sulcus present; median mesoscutal sulcus adjacent to transscutal articulation; interaxillar sulcus absent (= scutoscutellar sulcus adjacent to transscutal articulation), scutoscutellar sulcus concave; dorsal axillar area setose, setae curved backwards; mesoscutellum setose, setae curved backwards or straight. Mesoscutum width 1.92 × mesoscutellum width; posterior mesoscutal width 1.57 × mesoscutellum width; mesoscutellum length 1.67× mesoscutellum width; mesoscutellum length 1.06 × posterior mesoscutal width; Weber length 1.28 × mesoscutum width; Weber length 1.47 × mesoscutellum length. Anteromedian projection of the metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex curved in lateral view with blunt and lighter end; mesometapleural sulcus absent; posterior propodeal projection straight and light in ventrolateral view; posterior mesosomal comb absent. Basal transverse carina of petiole (on syntergum) present; at least seven distinct, basal longitudinal carinae on syntergum; pairs of translucent patches on metasomal syntergum and synsternum.

FORE WING. Length 2.91 × width; stigmal vein longer than 3× pterostigma marginal length.

MALE GENITALIA. Genital length 156 µm; Weber length 1.94 × genital length; gvc width 70 µm; genital length 2.22× gvc width; gvc width less than two thirds of gvc length; gvc width 1.47 × distal gvc width. Proximodorsal margin of gvc convex; distodorsal margin of gvc slightly descending proximomedially ( Fig. 89C ); proximoventral margin of gvc concave; distoventral margin of gvc slightly descending proximomedially ( Fig. 89A ); ventral area of gvc slightly convex; dorsal area of gvc straight ( Fig. 89B ), slightly indented distomedially; proximolateral margin of gvc ascending ventrally; distolateral margin of gvc slightly descending ventrally ( Fig. 89B ). Harpe triangular in ventral and dorsal view; harpe/gvc index 0.29; lateral articulation site of harpe with gvc flush ( Fig. 89A, C ); ventral margin of harpe convex, dorsal margin straight ( Fig. 89B ), lateral margin straight, widest point of harpe at lateral articulation site with gvc ( Fig. 89A, C ); dorsomedial margins of harpes slightly converging and almost touching at distodorsal margin of gvc, dorsomedial margin of harpe convex and diverging distolaterally from base to apex ( Fig. 89C ), apex of harpe slightly pointed, oriented distolaterally ( Fig. 89A, C ). Harpe with at least one lateral seta restricted to basal third, longest lateral seta more than half as long as harpe, lateral seta oriented distolaterally and distoventrally; harpe with at least two apical setae, longest apical setae more than two thirds as long as harpe, apical setae oriented distomedially and distoventrally; harpe with at least three median setae restricted to apical quarter, longest median setae half as long as harpe, median setae oriented distomedially and distoventrally. Aedeagus + gonossiculus more than as long as harpe, apex of aedeagus + gonossiculus pointed ( Fig. 89A, C ) and as ventral as apex of harpe. Genitalia moderately sclerotized with strongest sclerotization at aedeagus + gonossiculus.

Female

Unknown.

Variation

Unknown.

Biology

Host unknown, specimen collected from leaf litter.

Distribution

Afrotropical: Kenya.

Remarks

Comparison with similar species

See remarks under C. mikoi sp. nov., C. isecheno sp. nov., and C. sp. 3.

Condition of of the specimen

In the specimen, the posterior end of the metasoma is slightly deformed, thus the body length measurement is not precise. Ceraphron sp. 4 is deposited in the ZFMK as ZFMK-HYM-00036923.

Ceraphron sp. 5

Fig. 90

Diagnosis

Head width 1.03 × head height; head width 1.67 × interorbital space; anteromedian projection of the metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex curved in lateral view with pointed and slightly bifurcated end. Male genitalia: harpe cone-shaped in ventral and dorsal view; harpe/gvc index 0.42; dorsomedial margins of harpes slightly converging and almost touching at distodorsal margin of gvc, dorsomedial margin of harpe straight and slightly diverging distolaterally from base to apex; apex of harpe rounded; proximolateral margin of gvc strongly ascending ventrally.

Material examined

KENYA • 1 ♂; Western Province, Kakamega Forest; 00°22′43.7 N, 34°41′57.3 E; 1452 m a.s.l.; 2008; F. Hita Garcia leg.; Transect 35; primary rain forest; Winkler leaf litter extraction; ZFMK; ZFMK- HYM-00036911 .

Description

Male

BODY LENGTH. 0.90 mm.

COLOUR. Head brown, mesosoma brown, metasoma light brown; scape, pedicel and flagellum light brown; legs yellowish except proximal half of pro- and mesocoxa light brown, proximal quarter of metacoxa light brown; fore wing venation light brown, fore and hind wing disc slightly melanized, fore wing at proximal part less melanized.

ANTENNA. 11-segmented, flagellomeres cylindric; scape 3.3× as long as pedicel, scape longer than F1 and F2 combined, F1 2.4× as long as wide, F1 1.6× as long as pedicel, F1 1.4× as long as F2, F1 shorter than F7 and F8 combined, F1 shorter than F9, F6 1.5 × as long as wide, F6 shorter than F7 and F8 combined, F6 1.2 × as high as F9; few small multiporous plates on flagellomeres, sensillae on flagellomeres sickle-shaped and shorter than width of flagellomeres.

HEAD. Head width 1.03 × head height; head width 1.67 × interorbital space; maximum eye diameter 1.40 × minimum eye diameter; head height 1.86 × maximum eye diameter. Dorsal margin of occipital carina ventral to dorsal margin of lateral ocellus in lateral view; preoccipital furrow present; preoccipital carina present. OOL:POL:LOL 1.00:0.50:0.50; OOL 2.00 × lateral ocellus diameter. White, thick setae on upper face indistinct; supraclypeal depression present; lateral margin of torulus slightly raised; intertorular carina present; posterolateral processes of gena absent.

MESOSOMA, METASOMA. Mesosoma not compressed laterally. Head width 1.05 × mesosoma width; Weber length 263 µm. Mesoscutum densely setose, setae curved backwards; median mesoscutal sulcus present; median mesoscutal sulcus adjacent to transscutal articulation; interaxillar sulcus absent (= scutoscutellar sulcus adjacent to transscutal articulation), scutoscutellar sulcus concave; dorsal axillar area setose, setae curved backwards; mesoscutellum setose, setae curved backwards or straight. Mesoscutum width 1.89 × mesoscutellum width; posterior mesoscutal width 1.47 × mesoscutellum width; mesoscutellum length 1.61× mesoscutellum width; mesoscutellum length 1.09 × posterior mesoscutal width; Weber length 1.24 × mesoscutum width; Weber length 1.45 × mesoscutellum length. Anteromedian projection of the metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex straight in lateral view with pointed and slightly bifurcated end; mesometapleural sulcus absent; posterior propodeal projection straight and light in ventrolateral view; posterior mesosomal comb absent. Basal transverse carina of petiole (on syntergum) present; at least five distinct, basal longitudinal carinae on syntergum; translucent patches on metasoma absent.

FORE WING. Length 3.03 × width; stigmal vein slightly shorter than 3 × pterostigma marginal length.

MALE GENITALIA. Genital length 141 µm; Weber length 1.87 × genital length; gvc width 61 µm; genital length 2.14× gvc width; gvc width less than two thirds of gvc length; gvc width 1.27 × distal gvc width. Proximodorsal margin of gvc slightly convex; distodorsal margin of gvc slightly descending proximomedially ( Fig. 90C ); proximoventral margin of gvc concave; distoventral margin of gvc descending proximomedially ( Fig. 90A ); ventral area of gvc slightly convex; dorsal area of gvc convex ( Fig. 90B ); proximolateral margin of gvc strongly ascending ventrally; distolateral margin of gvc descending ventrally ( Fig. 90B ). Harpe cone-shaped in ventral and dorsal view; harpe/gvc index 0.42; lateral articulation site of harpe with gvc not flush ( Fig. 90A, C ); ventral margin of harpe slightly concave, dorsal margin straight ( Fig. 90B ), lateral margin slightly convex, widest point of harpe at lateral articulation site with gvc ( Fig. 90A, C ); dorsomedial margins of harpes slightly converging and almost touching at distodorsal margin of gvc, dorsomedial margin of harpe straight and slightly diverging distolaterally from base to apex ( Fig. 90C ), apex of harpe rounded ( Fig. 90A, C ). Harpe with at least two lateral setae restricted to apical half, longest lateral setae more than half as long as harpe, lateral setae oriented distolaterally; harpe with at least two apical setae, longest apical setae more than half as long as harpe, apical setae oriented distomedially and distoventrally; harpe with at least five median setae, longest median setae less than half as long as harpe, median setae oriented distomedially, distoventrally and medioventrally. Aedeagus + gonossiculus two thirds as long as harpe, apex pointed ( Fig. 90A, C ) and ventral to apex of harpe. Genitalia moderately sclerotized with strongest sclerotization at all margins of harpe and aedeagus + gonossiculus.

Female

Unknown.

Variation

Unknown.

Biology

Host unknown, specimen collected from leaf litter.

Distribution

Afrotropical: Kenya.

Remarks

Comparison with similar species

Ceraphron sp. 5 can be distinguished from C. isukha sp. nov. by a uniformly coloured antenna (scape and pedicel yellowish, flagellum light brown and gradually darkening from F1 to F 9 in C. isukha ), a head width to interorbital space ratio of 1.67 (1.92 in C. isukha ) and the absence of the mesometapleural sulcus (present in C. isukha ). The male genitalia of both species differ mainly in their harpe/gvc indices (0.42 in C. sp. 5 and 0.52 in C. isukha ) and the arrangement of the lateral setae of the harpe.

For more comparisons with similar species, see remarks under C. ekero sp. nov., C. kaimosiensis sp. nov. and C. digiti sp. nov.

Condition of of the specimen

In the specimen, the proximal part of the gvc was accidently stained while marking the slide with a permanent marker, and the posterior end of the metasoma is deformed, thus the body length measurement is not precise. Ceraphron sp. 5 is deposited in the ZFMK as ZFMK-HYM-00036911.

Genus Cyoceraphron Dessart, 1975

Figures

Fig. 86. Specimen of Ceraphron sp. 1 (ZFMK-HYM-00037080). A–C. Male genitalia in ventral (A), lateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Habitus in lateral view.

Fig. 87. Specimen of Ceraphron sp. 2 (ZFMK-HYM-00036873). A–C. Male genitalia in ventral (A), lateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Habitus in lateral view.

Fig. 88. Specimen of Ceraphron sp. 3 (ZFMK-HYM-00036891). A–C. Male genitalia in ventral (A), lateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Habitus in lateral view.

Fig. 89. Specimen of Ceraphron sp. 4 (ZFMK-HYM-00036923). A–C. Male genitalia in ventral (A), lateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Habitus in lateral view.

Fig. 90. Specimen of Ceraphron sp. 5 (ZFMK-HYM-00036911). A–C. Male genitalia in ventral (A), lateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Habitus in lateral view.