Taeniogonalos paradoxica Zhang & Chen, 2022

Zhang, Bing-Lan, Yan, Cheng-Jin, van Achterberg, Cornelis, Peng, Yan-Qiong & Chen, Hua-Yan, 2022, Integrated taxonomy unveils new species of Trigonalyidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) from Yunnan, China, Journal of Hymenoptera Research 90, pp. 101-128 : 101

Taeniogonalos paradoxica Zhang & Chen sp. nov.

Figs 9 , 10

Diagnosis.

Supra-antennal elevations 0.5 × as long as scapus and outer side strongly steep (angle about 70°), upper half thickened and backward, parallel-sided in anterior view, area between elevations with a small protuberance (Figs 9B, C ); tyloids of male antenna linear (Fig. 10A ); occipital carina widened, lamelliform and smooth (Fig. 9C ); supra-antennal elevations largely yellow; head with brownish-yellow oblique patches postero-laterally (Fig. 9C ); vertex largely coarsely punctate with transversely rugose and becoming sparsely punctate posteriorly (Fig. 9C ); mesoscutum coarsely punctate-rugose in dorsal view, with pair of large triangular yellow patches on middle lobe and pair of large oblong yellow patches on scutellum axilla (Fig. 10D ); notauli narrow anteriorly, widened posteriorly and coarsely crenulate (Fig. 10D ); scutellum coarsely reticulate-punctate and shallow-slightly concave medially, with pair of small brown-yellow patches (Fig. 10D ); metanotum slightly convex, rugose, with four elliptical yellow patches (Fig. 10D ); posterior propodeal carina distinctly arched, narrow lamelliform, foramen comparatively wide (Fig. 10D ); first tergite with yellow stripe posteriorly; second tergite widely yellow posteriorly, third tergite with weak and slim yellow patches medio-posteriorly; fourth-sixth tergites with large yellow patches (Fig. 10F ); first and second sternites with wavy yellow stripe posteriorly; third and fourth sternites with small yellow patches postero-laterally (Fig. 10G ); second sternite slightly concave medio-anteriorly (Fig. 9A ); third sternite without depression (Fig. 10G ).

Description.

Female. Holotype, length of body 8.6 mm (of fore wing 7.1 mm).

Head. Antenna with 23 segments; tyloids linear, 0.6 × as long as antennal segment on 11th-13th segments, about half as long on 14th segment, 0.3 × as long on 15th segment and 0.2 × as long on 10th segment (Fig. 10A ); frons densely and coarsely punctate with rugae near clypeus (Fig. 9B ); vertex largely coarsely punctate with transversely rugae and becoming sparsely punctate posteriorly (Fig. 9C ); temple largely smooth with few punctures near orbita (Fig. 10C ); head gradually narrowed behind eyes, eye in dorsal view 0.8 × as long as temple (Fig. 9C ); occipital carina widened, lamelliform and smooth (Fig. 9C ); supra-antennal elevations smooth, outer side very steep (angle about 70°), upper half thickened and backward, parallel-sided in anterior view, 0.5 × as long as scapus, with a small protuberance between them (Fig. 9B, C ); clypeus slightly concave and thick medio-ventrally (Fig. 9B ).

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.7 × as long as its height (Fig. 10E ); transverse mesopleural groove narrow, crenulate; mesopleuron above transverse mesopleural groove reticulate-punctate anteriorly and coarsely punctate posteriorly, below groove rugulose-punctate anteriorly and smooth posteriorly (Fig. 10E ); notauli narrow anteriorly, widened posteriorly and coarsely crenulate; middle lobe of mesoscutum coarsely transverely punctate-rugose anteriorly and reticulate-punctate posteriorly, lateral lobes largely punctate with longitudinal rugae (Fig. 10D ); scutellar sulcus complete, moderately narrow and crenulate; scutellum coarsely reticulate-punctate and slightly concave medially, anteriorly protruding above level of mesoscutum; metanotum slightly convex, rugose (Fig. 10D ); propodeum punctate-rugose (Fig. 10D ); posterior propodeal carina distinctly arched, narrow lamelliform, foramen approximately 1.5 × as wide as high medially.

Wings. Fore wing: vein 1-M 1.2 × as long as vein 1-SR; second submarginal cell 1.1 × as long as third submarginal cell (Fig. 10B ).

Metasoma. First tergite 0.6 × as long as its apical width, smooth and with shallow but wide depression medially (Fig. 10F ); following tergites densely and coarsely punctate (Fig. 10F ); first sternite sparse punctate and concave laterally; following sternites densely punctate (Fig. 10G ); second sternite slightly concave medio-anteriorly, rather flat media-posteriorly and slightly depressed near middle of posterior margin (Figs 9A , 10G ).

Colour. Black; apical half of antenna and part of scapus dark brown; remainder of antenna mainly yellow; orbita yellow, narrow but widened near antennal sockets; supra-antennal elevations largely yellow; clypeus with pair of yellow patches; lateral corner of clypeus dark brown; mandible teeth dark brown to dark (Fig. 9B ); head with brownish-yellow oblique patches postero-laterally (Fig. 9C ); pronotum yellow dorsally (Fig. 10D ); middle lobe of mesoscutum with pair of large triangular yellow patches antero-laterally; scutellum axilla with pair of large oblong yellow patches; scutellum with pair of small brown-yellow patches media-laterally; metanotum with four elliptical yellow patches (Fig. 10D ); palpi dark brown (Fig. 10C ); tegulae brown (Fig. 10D ); first tergite with yellow stripe posteriorly; second tergite widely yellow posteriorly, third tergite with weak and slim yellow patches media-posteriorly; fourth-sixth tergites with large yellow patches (Fig. 10F ); first and second sternites with wavy yellow stripe posteriorly; third and fourth sternites with small yellow patches postero-laterally (Fig. 10G ); apex of fore and middle femora yellow; tibiae and basal half of tarsi of fore leg largely yellow; remainder of tibiae and tarsi dark brown (Fig. 10H ); pterostigma yellow brown; anterior half of fore wing dark brown; remainder of wing subhyaline (Fig. 10B ).

Male. Unknown.

Etymology.

Name after the unusual supra-antennal elevations: from " paradoxus " (Latin for "strange, contrary to expectation").

Material examined.

Holotype, female, China: Yunnan, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Shangri-La City, Jiantang town , apple orchard, 2639 m, 27°31'36"N, 100°5'32"E, 20.IX.2020, Huayan Chen leg., YPT, SYSBM En-419024 (deposited in SYSBM); GenBank: OM057987 .

Distribution.

China (Yunnan). Collected at 2639 m.

The key to species of Taeniogonalos published by Chen et al. (2014) could be updated to accommodate T. paradoxica by replacing couplet 12 as follows:

12	Protuberance of third sternite of ♀ subtruncate medio-apically; pronotum, metanotum medially and head of ♀ posteriorly with pale pattern; hind tibia black or dark brown; outer sides of of supra-antennal elevations oblique	12 '
-	Protuberance of third sternite of ♀ acutely protruding medio-apically; metanotum, apex of supra-antennal elevations and head posteriorly in dorsal view black; hind tibia brown; outer side of supra-antennal elevations subvertical	13
12'	Pronotum black dorsally; metanotum ivory medially; apex of supra-antennal elevations pale yellowish and remainder black; head of ♀ posteriorly with pair of ivory patches in dorsal view (black in ♂); hind tibia black; outer side of supra-antennal elevations oblique; metanotum with pair of yellowish patches	T. subtruncata Chen, van Achterberg, He & Xu, 2014
-	Pronotum yellow dorsally (Fig. 10D ); supra-antennal elevations largely yellow (Figs 9B, C ); head of ♂ posteriorly with pair of brownish-yellow oblique patches in dorsal view (Fig. 9C ); hind tibia dark brown (Fig. 10H ); outer side of supra-antennal elevations strongly steep (angle about 70°; Fig. 9C ); metanotum with four elliptical yellow patches (Fig. 10D )	T. paradoxica Zhang & Chen, sp. nov.

Figures

Figure 9. Taeniogonalos paradoxica Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., holotype, male (En- 419024) A habitus, lateral aspect B head, anterior aspect C head, dorsal aspect.

Figure 10. Taeniogonalos paradoxica Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., holotype, male (En- 419024) A tyloids on 10 th- 16 th segments of antenna B wings C head, lateral aspect D mesosoma, dorsal aspect E mesosoma, lateral aspect F metasoma, dorsal aspect G metasoma, ventral aspect H legs, ventral aspect.