Salcedia unifoveata, Balkenohl, 2020

Balkenohl, Michael, 2020, A genus in disguise. Revision of the genus Salcedia Fairmaire, 1899 with descriptions of nine new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritinae, Salcediini), ZooKeys 901, pp. 1-81 : 1

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.901.39432
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:843F6065-D00E-48E6-9A26-9CEB044BF102
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/17AA3B99-C9A0-4FB5-B371-C7921872FD1C
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:17AA3B99-C9A0-4FB5-B371-C7921872FD1C
treatment provided by	ZooKeys by Pensoft
scientific name	Salcedia unifoveata
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Salcedia unifoveata View in CoL sp. nov. Figs 7 View Figure 7 , 9 View Figures 8–13 , 27 View Figures 26–35 , 45 View Figures 44–51 , 53 View Figures 52–57 , 69 View Figures 68–76 , 84 View Figure 84

Type material.

Holotype: ♂, with labels and data: white, black printed "MUS. ROY. CENTR. Madagascar Est: Bale d’Antongli J. Vadon" / black printed and handwritten "Ambodivoangy II. 1959 (Lavage de terre) 12." (MRACT). Paratypes: 3 ♀♀, same data as holotype; 1 ♀, same data as holotype but “05.”; 1 ♀, same data as holotype but “21.” (MRACT, CBB).

Diagnosis.

A medium sized species, with long-ovoid outline of the elytra with maximum width at middle and pronotum with three additional carinae and at the lateral margin with eight to nine tubercles. The pseudohumerus is obtuse angled and not dentate. The antennomeres are sub-elongate. Distinguished from all other species of the genus by the very small and laterally embedded eyes, and the elytron with one row of pits between the suture and the interneurs. In addition, the hind wings are reduced to threadlike rudiments.

Description.

Measurements in Table 1 View Table 1 .

Colour and surface: Anthracite grey, pronotum laterally and elytra shiny; pronotum laterally and antero-lateral part of elytra slightly translucent piceous, top of carinae on head, pronotum and elytra shiny; mandibles, legs and antennae piceous, palpi leoninous. Surface without adhesive layer. Short pili on surface less numerous compared to other species.

Head: Two-thirds of width of pronotum. Outline pentagonal. Clypeus wide, clypeal wings small, nearly fused with clypeus, separated from supraorbital plates by distinct rectangular notches, with raised pentagon-shaped field at middle, separated from frons by deep transverse furrow, frons with two raised paramedian carinae, joining anteriorly, prolonged anteriorly into a flat central keel, with two small glossy tooth-like tubercles laterally anterior to keel and two large tubercles paralaterally at genae level; frons and clypeus separated from supra-antennal and supraorbital plates by deep broad furrows; each furrow with deep circular pit between supra-antennal plate and clypeus; supra-antennal and supraorbital plates distinctly margined, margin sub-crenulate, supra-antennal plate vaulted, separated from supraorbital plate by distinct notches. Base slightly emarginated at middle, laterally narrowed and rounded off without angle. Eyes reduced, conspicuously small (lateral view), reniform, concave, genae developed as small obtuse carinae. Antenna with segments five to ten sub-elongate (L/W 1.14), densely pubescent, segments two to four scarcely pubescent. Labrum short, straight anteriorly. Mandible moderately short, slender and arcuate in apical half, right one broadened in basal h Glossa slightly arcuate, obtuse at apex. Mentum small, epilobes wide, projecting and obtuse angled anteriorly, completely margined, with carina medially, surface coriaciate-like with flat impressions.

Pronotum (Fig. 27 View Figures 26–35 ): Outline rectangular, moderately transverse, a quarter wider than long. Anterior margin bilaterally excised. Lateral margin convex, maximum width behind middle, converging distinctly anteriorly and slightly posteriorly. Anterior angles acute, posterior angles obtuse. Lateral margin distinctly crenulated, with 17-18 tubercles, with small emargination at posterior angles. Base straight laterally, with declining flat keel at middle pointing posteriorly. Disc with two raised paramedian carinae parallel to middle, slightly diverging posteriorly, raised keel-like in anterior quarter, with flat broad median line deepened in longitudinal pits anteriorly and posteriorly, with four additional shorter carinae bilaterally, the paralateral one joining with the paramedian carinae at base and forming at each side tooth-like tubercle pointing posteriorly, extended anteriorly as less raised paralateral carina. With two much shorter and less raised inner and outer lateral carinae, the inner one joining with the anterior extension of paralateral carina. Lateral margin and space between lateral margin and paralateral carina wing-like bent up, with five large transverse and two small circular pits.

Elytron (Fig. 45 View Figures 44–51 ): Slightly and regularly convex anterior half (lateral view), convex in frontal view. Anterior sixths of margin straight and laterally bent up, posterior five sixths long-ovoid, maximum width at middle. Pseudohumerus nearly obtuse angled, distinctly dentate. Apex rounded, with concave emargination, acutely denticulate at suture. Disc with interneur six crenulated, interneur two running apically as slightly convex line, ending distinctly before reaching apex, conspicuously raised; interneur four running subparallel to interneur two, distinctly abbreviated at base and apex. Interval between suture and interneur one and between the other interneurs with one row of serial pits, and between four and six with two rows of transversally connected pits, transverse connection of the latter ones is so intense that the interneur line is hardly recognisable.

Hind wings: Reduced to threadlike rudiments.

Lower surface: Antennal channel of pronotum with isodiametric reticulation. Pseudoepipleura with one row of serial pits, lateral margin of elytron smooth. Metepisternum of moderate length, with broad longitudinal groove. Metasternum and last five abdominal sternites with numerous irregularly situated larger and smaller pits, regularly arranged at carinae and margins. Sternum four to six obtusely sulcate.

Legs: Profemora with few transverse wrinkles on dorsal surface. Protibia with terminal spine hook-like at apex, laterally with two teeth, dorsally with one and ventrally with two carinae. Movable spur short, length a quarter of first tarsomere. First tarsomeres distinctly elongated, almost as long as tarsomeres two to five together.

External sexual dimorphism: Not observed.

Male genitalia (Fig. 53 View Figures 52–57 ): Median lobe moderately broad, in lateral view indistinctly bisinuate, in dorsal view slightly cracked at apical third, nearly straight to apex, with some fine pili at beginning of apical third, apex spatulate, spatula almond-shaped in cross section, distorted. Endophallus with small group of spines. Dorsal paramere slender, sinuate, lateral and basal apophysis blunt; ventral one short. Both parameres slightly distorted.

Female genitalia (Fig. 69 View Figures 68–76 ): Coxostylus slender at base, distinctly curved, slender in apical third, at end of basal third with one broader and five slender nematiform setae close together laterally, with one long slender nematiform seta ventrally, SSO with one microtrichium.

Variation: The number and shape of the pits on the dorsal surface varies to a certain degree.

Etymology.

The name refers to the single row of pits on the elytron between the suture and the interneurs, which is unique in the whole genus (Latin unus = one, fovea = pit).

Distribution

(Fig. 84 View Figure 84 ): Known only from the type locality, Ambodivoangy in Central Madagascar, located by a lake. The specimens were collected by soil washing.