Candezea haematura ( Fairmaire, 1891 )

Wagner & Kurtscheid, A., 2005, Revision of Candezea Chapuis, 1879 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) from continental Africa, Journal of Natural History 39 (28), pp. 2591-2641 : 2624-2625

Candezea haematura ( Fairmaire, 1891)

Monolepta haematura Fairmaire, 1891, p 305 .

Redescription

Total length. 6.1–7.1 mm (mean 6.46 mm). Head. Palpi, mandibles, clypeus, and frons yellow, labrum black. Basal antennomeres yellow to brownish yellow, annulate from fourth to last antennomere, i.e. apical antennomeres yellow at base and black at apex ( Figure 29 ). Ratio length of second: third antennomere 0.50–0.60 (mean 0.55), ratio length of third to fourth antennomere 0.58– 0.70 (mean 0.62).

Thorax. Pronotum yellow, underside of prothorax, meso- and metathorax black. Pronotal width 1.9–2.4 mm (mean 2.13 mm), ratio pronotal length: width 0.47–0.57 (mean 0.49). Elytra length 5.1–6.0 mm (mean 5.39 mm), maximal elytral width in the apical third of 3.1– 3.9 mm (mean 3.48 mm), ratio maximal elytral width: length 0.60–0.72 (mean 0.64). Elytra yellow, apical quarter or at least apical margin brownish red to red ( Figure 29 ). Males with small heart-shaped, elytral protrusion beyond scutellum. Scutellum, coxae, trochantera, and femora black, tibiae and tarsi yellow.

Abdomen. Black.

Female genitalia. Cornu broad, comparatively short, slightly curved ( Figure 31 ), bursa sclerites large, usually with five strong spines ( Figure 30 ).

Male genitalia. Median lobe slender, round in cross-section, straight, slightly narrowed in the middle ( Figure 32A ), apex strongly carinate ventrally ( Figure 32B ). Tectum long, broad, incised apically. Endophallic spiculae slender, ventral and dorsal pair short and straight, middle pair much longer, curved inwards. Orifice very small, circular, with shallow insicion.

Distribution. A common species of montane areas in Kenya, northern Tanzania, and along the Albertine Rift from Uganda to Burundi and Kivu. Few records from lowland forests of the Congo Basin, coastal areas of Kenya, Tanzania, and southern Ethiopia ( Figure 33 ).

Ecology. This species could be frequently found feeding on Polygonum hirsutum (Polygonaceae) along small streams in the Aberdare Mountains and around Mt Kenya.

Diagnosis. Colour pattern of C. haematura is most similar to C. bicostata . Both species are characterized by a reddish brown elytral apex and black undersides ( Figures 24 , 29 ). They differ in coloration of the femora (black in C. haematura , yellow in C. bicostata ), the annulate antennae of C. haematura , which is also more slender than in C. bicostata . Very different also are the male sexual dimorphic elytral characters ( Figures 24A , 29A ), while genitalic patterns of both sexes are similar, and they are presumably very closely related phylogenetically.

Type material

Holotype: Monolepta haematura : ♀, ‘‘ Höhnel , Stephanie-See’ ’, ‘‘ Ethiopia 187’’ ( NHMW); examined.

Other material examined

Congo ( Zaire): 1 ex., Kwango, Tambo , 8 ° 219S, 27 ° 149E, November 1911, Rodhain ( IRSNB) ; 3 ex., Katanga, Mimbulu , 11 ° 439S, 27 ° 199E, September 1923, Ch. Seydel ( MRAC) ; 2 ex., Lulua, Sandoa , 9 ° 419S, 22 ° 529E, April 1932, G. F. Overlaet ( MRAC) ; 7 ex., Lulua, Kapanga , 8 ° 219S, 22 ° 359E, October–December 1932, G. F. Overlaet ( MRAC) ; 1 ex., Uéle, Dingila , 3 ° 399N, 26 ° 019E, June 1933, J. V. Leroy ( MRAC) ; 1 ex., Maniéma, Nioka , 2 ° 579S, 26 ° 109E, February 1934, J. V. Leroy ( MRAC) ; 20 ex., P.N.A., Bitale , 2 ° 119S, 28 ° 379E, September 1934, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC) ; 1 ex., Rwebeya , 3000 m, September 1934, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC) ; 68 ex., P.N.A., Ninda , 2150 m, September 1934, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC / IRSNB) ; 3 ex., Kivu, Bitale , 2 ° 119S, 28 ° 379E, September 1934, G. F. de Witte ( IRSNB) , 118 ex., Kivu, Penge , 4 ° 269S, 28 ° 259E, 1800 m, September–October 1934, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC) ; 3 ex., Kibali, Ibanda , 2 ° 409S, 28 ° 459E, 1935, Vandelannoite ( MRAC) ; 3 ex., P.N.A., R. Bishakishaki, 1 ° 199S, 29 ° 59E, 2100 m, January 1935, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC) ; 17 ex., Kivu, Kinigi , 1 ° 329S, 28 ° 489E, February 1935, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC) ; 3 ex., Karago , 5 ° 209S, 30 ° 129E, March 1936, L. Lippens ( MRAC) ; 11 ex., Kivu, Kashwa , 1 ° 189S, 28 ° 419S, 1937, Vandelannoite ( MRAC) ; 3 ex., Katanga, Kasapa , 11 ° 349S, 27 ° 259E, November 1937, Ch. Seydel ( MRAC) ; 4 ex., Katanga, Elisabethville , 11 ° 409S, 27 ° 289E, November 1938, H. J. Brédo ( MRAC) ; 1 ex., P.N.A., Mt Musienene , 0 ° 029N, 29 ° 169E, 2700 m, April 1955, P. Vanschuytbroeck ( MRAC) ; 1 ex., P.N.A., Tshiaberimu , 0 ° 079S, 29 ° 259E, April 1955, P. Vanschuytbroeck and R. Fonteyn ( MRAC) ; 1 ex., Kivu, Butembo , 0 ° 099N, 29 ° 179E, October 1965, P. Celis ( MRAC) . Kenya: 1 ex., Brit. O. Af., Lindblom ( NHRS) ; 1 ex., Elgon , 1700 m, Lovén ( NHRS) ; 1 ex., Nairobi, Kikuyu , 1 ° 149S, 36 ° 409E, 2000 m, H. Andrewesen ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., Mombasa, 4 ° 049S, 39 ° 409E ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., Witu , 2 ° 249S, 40 ° 289 E, G. Dehnhardt ( MNHU) ; 4 ex., Kenya , Farm Karundu, 1910, Gotsch ( NHMW) ; 31 Mt Aberdare , 0 ° 589S, 36 ° 389E, 2300–3300 m, February 1911, S. A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 24 ex., Nyeri, 0 ° 259S, 36 ° 239E, 2000–2300 m, February 1911, S. A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 9 ex., Embu, 0 ° 329S, 37 ° 289E, 1500–1600 m, February 1911, S. A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., Mt Kenya , 0 ° 109S, 37 ° 199E, 2000–2300 m, February 1911, S. A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 76 ex., Kikuyu, Kijabe , 0 ° 569S, 36 ° 349E, 2200–2400 m, March 1911, S. A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 3 ex., Kikuyu, Naivasha , 0 ° 449S, 36 ° 269E, 2300 m, March 1911, S. A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., Nandi, Kakamega, 0 ° 179N, 34 ° 479E, 1900 m, March 1911, S. A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 7 ex., Kavirondo , Kisii, 0 ° 409S, 34 ° 479E, 1600 m, May 1911, S. A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 28 ex., Nandi, Kapsabet , 0 ° 129N, 35 ° 099E, 1900–2000 m, May–June 1911, S. A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 4 ex., Nairobi , 1 ° 179S, 36 ° 509E, January 1923, G. Babault ( MRAC) ; 1 ex., Gura , 0 ° 329S, 36 ° 449E, 2500 m, August 1929, R. E. Dent ( NMK) ; 1 ex., Chania , 0 ° 269S, 36 ° 489E, August 1929, R. E. Dent ( NMK) ; 15 ex., Nairobi , 1 ° 179S, 36 ° 509E, 1930, G. Babault ( MNHN) ; 1 ex., Kaimosi , 0 ° 129N, 34 ° 579E, March–April 1932, H. J. A. Turner ( NMK) ; 1 ex., Mt Aberdare , 0 ° 589S, 36 ° 389E, 3000 m, March–April 1934, H. J. A. Turner ( NMK) ; 6 ex., Naivasha , 0 ° 449S, 36 ° 269E, August 1935, H. J. A. Turner ( NMK) ; 1 ex., Naivasha , 0 ° 449S, 36 ° 269E, 1935, H. J. A. Turner ( USNM) ; 1 ex., Ruiru , 1 ° 099S, 36 ° 579E, July 1937, A. F. J. Gedye ( NMK) ; 7 ex., Kitui, 1 ° 229S, 38 ° 019E, October 1937, R. Toko ( NMK) ; 1 ex., Naro , 0 ° 109S, 37 ° 019E, April 1942, Meneghetti ( NMK) ; 1 ex., Mt Kinangop , 0 ° 379S, 36 ° 429E, October 1945, C. Belcher ( NMK) ; 1 ex., Mt Mau , 0 ° 299S, 35 ° 559E, 3300 m, January–February 1946 ( NMK) ; 1 ex., Nyeri, 0 ° 259S, 36 ° 569E, January 1948 ( MRAC) ; 1 ex., Kijabe , 0 ° 569S, 36 ° 349E, March 1949, E. Pinhey ( NMK) ; 1 ex., Mt Kenya , 0 ° 109S, 37 ° 199E, 2850 m, July 1975, U. Dall’Asta ( MRAC) ; 1 ex., Nyeri, Mt Kenya , February 1999, D. Rohwedder ( ZFMK) ; 25 ex., Aberdare NP, Ruhuruini Gate , February 1999, Th. Wagner, on Polygonum hirsutum (ZFMK) . Namibia: 3 ex., E-Caprivi, Katima Mulilo , 17 ° 299S, 24 ° 179E, March 1992, U. Göllner ( MNHU) . Rwanda: 1 ex., P.N.A., Mt Karisimbi , 1 ° 319S, 29 ° 259E, 2300 m, November 1907 ( MNHU) ; 1 ex., P.N.A., L. Gando, 1 ° 369S, 29 ° 249E, December 1925, H. Schouteden ( MRAC) ; 1 ex., Gahini , 1 ° 539S, 30 ° 319E, 1927, G. Babault ( MNHN) ; 2 ex., Kivu, Kibumba , 1 ° 309S, 29 ° 209E, September 1932, L. Burgeon ( MRAC) ; 8 ex., P.N.A., Kikeri , 1 ° 299S, 29 ° 229E, 2250 m, June–July 1934, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC) ; 9 ex., Ruhengeri, Kiri , 1 ° 299S, 29 ° 319E, August 1934, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC) ; 6 ex., Kivu, Munagana , 1 ° 189S, 29 ° 399E, 1700 m, August 1934, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC) ; 7 ex., Kivu, R. Mukungwa , 1 ° 449S, 29 ° 409E, August 1934, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC) ; 82 ex., Ruhengeri, Kiri , 1 ° 299S, 29 ° 319E, 1800 m, October 1934, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC) ; 304 ex., Ruhengeri , 1 ° 309S, 29 ° 399E, October 1934 – February 1935, G. F. de Witte ( IRSNB) ; 10 ex., P.N.A., Mt Karisimbi , 1 ° 319S, 29 ° 259E, February 1935, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC) ; 39 ex., P.N.A., L. Gando, 1 ° 369S, 29 ° 249E, 2400 m, March 1935, G. F. de Witte ( MRAC / IRSNB) ; 19 ex., Gîte de Nkuli , March 1936, L. Lippens ( MRAC) ; 5 ex., P.N.A., Rumangabo , 1 ° 209S, 29 ° 229E, April 1945, G. F. de Witte ( IRSNB / MRAC) ; 2 ex., Kivu, Rambura , 1 ° 409S, 29 ° 359E, November 1947, J. V. Leroy ( MRAC) ; 1 ex., Nyanza , 2 ° 209S, 29 ° 429E, January 1953, P. Basilewsky ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., Mt Karisimbi , 1 ° 319S, 29 ° 259E, 2300 m, January 1953, P. Basilewsky ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., Astrida , 2 ° 349S, 29 ° 439E, 1954–1955, G. Foucart ( MRAC) ; 76 ex., Kivu, Mikeno , 1 ° 279S, 29 ° 269E, 3200 m, June 1964, P. Celis ( MRAC) ; 1 ex., Mt Karisimbi , 1 ° 319S, 29 ° 259E, 3000 m, October 1993, Th. Wagner ( ZFMK) . Tanzania: 5 ex., Usambara , 4 ° 589S, 38 ° 209E, Hohenfriedberg ( MNHU) ; 21 ex., Usambara, Kwai , 4 ° 449S, 38 ° 219E, Benigs. and Paul ( MNHU) ; 1 ex., Deutsch-Ostafrika , Bennigsen ( ZISP) ; 7 ex., Kilimandscharo, Kibonoto , Kulturz., Sjöstedt ( NHRS) ; 3 ex., Kwai , Paul ( NHRS) ; 1 ex., Mombo , Paul ( NHRS) ; 17 ex., Usambara ( NHRS) ; 2 ex., Kisaki , 7 ° 289S, 37 ° 419 E, F. Schneider ( IRSNB) ; 1 ex., Ngara , 2 ° 219S, 30 ° 409E, 2000 m, coll. Ch. Alluaud ( IRSNB) ; 1 ex., Moshi , 3 ° 209S, 37 ° 219E, Merker ( MNHU) ; 1 ex., Mt Meru , 3 ° 159S, 36 ° 449E, 1100– 1500 m, Sjöstedt ( MNHU) ; 5 ex., Mikindani , 10 ° 169S, 40 ° 059E, coll. Clavareau ( MRAC) ; 2 ex., Usambara, ( IRSNB) ; 1 ex., Usambara , Staudinger ( MRAC) ; 12 ex., Usambara , coll. Ertl ( MRAC) ; 2 ex., Mt Kilimanjaro, 3 ° 029S, 37 ° 209E, coll. Ch. Alluaud ( IRSNB) ; 13 ex., Mt Kilimanjaro, Buchberger ( MRAC) ; 3 ex., Mt Kilimanjaro, 3000 m, C. Schröder ( MNHU) ; 1 ex., Tanga, 5 ° 79S, 39 ° 59E, Voesseler ( MNHU) ; 1 ex., Usambara ( MNHU) ; 2 ex., W-Usambara, coll. Veth ( RMNH) ; 1 ex., Uvinza , 5 ° 89S, 30 ° 239E, November 1899, Glauning ( MNHU) ; 5 ex., Monduli , 3 ° 129S, 36 ° 239E, December 1902 ( MNHU) ; 2 ex., Usambara , May–July 1903 ( IRSNB) ; 9 ex., Neu-Bethel , August 1903 ( MNHU) ; 1 ex., Karangai , 3 ° 299S, 36 ° 539E, March 1904 ( MNHU) ; 3 ex., Arusha, 3 ° 219S, 36 ° 409E, October 1904, C. Uhlig ( MNHU) ; 2 ex., Mt Kilimanjaro, 1300–1900 m, June–November 1905, Sjöstedt ( MNHU) ; 18 ex., Mt Meru , 3 ° 159S, 36 ° 449E, 2000–2800 m, February 1911, S. A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 5 ex., Makami , 4 ° 369S, 36 ° 459E, March 1911, T. J. Anderson ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., Naberera , 4 ° 119S, 36 ° 559E, January 1914, A. O. Luckman ( BMNH) ; 6 ex., Usambara, Lutindi , September 1914, coll. Hanschild ( ZMUC) ; 1 ex., Kwa Dadu , 3 ° 149S, 39 ° 429E, December 1914, Methner ( MNHU) ; 10 ex., Mt Kilimanjaro, 2600 m, December 1936, A. F. J. Gedye ( NMK) ; 7 ex., Mt Kilimanjaro, 2800–4100 m, February 1942, R. O. Bally ( NMK) ; 20 ex., Mt Kilimanjaro, 3100 m, February 1956, N. Leleup ( MRAC) . Uganda: 2 ex. ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., 2100–3000 m, April 1901, W. Doherty ( MNHN) ; 1 ex., Kikube , 1 ° 209N, 31 ° 159E, February 1911, C. H. Marshall ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., Mt Elgon , 1 ° 079N, 34 ° 359E, 1700–1900 m, June 1911, S. A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 4 ex., Kapenguria , 1 ° 149N, 35 ° 89E, 2100 m, July 1911, S. A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 2 ex., Kikube , 1 ° 209N, 31 ° 159E, August 1911, C. H. Marshall ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., Mt Elgon , 2800–3000 m, 1929, G. Carpenter ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., Mt Elgon , 2000 m, August 1934, J. Ford ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., Kikube , 1 ° 209N, 31 ° 159E, November 1934, J. Ford ( BMNH) ; 1 ex., coll. v. Bennigsen ( DEI) .

Figures

Figure 33. Distribution of Candezea haematura.

Figures 29–32. Candezea haematura (Fairmaire, 1891). (29) Typical colour pattern, elytral apex red of different extent: (A) male; (B) female. (30) Bursa sclerites. (31) Spermathecae of three different females. (32) Median lobe: (A) dorsal; (B) lateral.

Figures 24–27. Candezea bicostata (Weise, 1907). (24) Typical colour pattern, elytral apex red of different extent: (A) male; (B) female. (25) Bursa sclerites. (26) Spermathecae of three different females. (27) Median lobe: (A) dorsal; (B) lateral.