Catumiri sapucai, Nicoletta & Panchuk & Peralta-Seen & Ferretti, 2022

Nicoletta, Micalea, Panchuk, Justina, Peralta-Seen, Nicolás & Ferretti, Nelson, 2022, Description and Sexual Behavior of Two New Species of Mygalomorph Spiders (Araneae: Theraphosidae, Pycnothelidae), and First Record of (Pycnothelidae) of Corrientes, Argentina., Zoological Studies 61 (62), pp. 1-18 : 9-13

Family Theraphosidae Thorell, 1869 Subfamily Ischnocolinae Simon, 1892 Genus Catumiri Guadanucci, 2004

Catumiri sapucai sp. nov. ( Figs. 6–10 ) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:592691AD-CC57-4EF4-93E7-02B4759A2650

Material examined: Holotype male. ARGENTINA. Corrientes: San Martín, Paraje Tres Cerros (29°6'31.54"S – 56°56'2.17"W), M. Nicoletta, J. Panchuk legs. 9.iii.2020 (CARTROUNNE 9382) . Paratype female. ARGENTINA. Corrientes: San Martín, Paraje Tres Cerros (29°6'31.54"S – 56°56'2.17"W), N. Ferretti, N. Peralta-Seen legs. 9.iii.2020 (CARTROUNNE 9383).

Additional material examined: 1 male (molted in captivity). ARGENTINA. Corrientes: San Martín, Paraje Tres Cerros (29°6'31.54"S – 56°56'2.17"W), N. Ferretti, M. Nicoletta, J. Panchuk, N. Peralta-Seen legs. 9.iii.2020 (CARTROUNNE 9384). 2 females. ARGENTINA. Corrientes: San Martín, Paraje Tres Cerros (29°6'31.54"S – 56°56'2.17"W), N. Ferretti, M.

Nicoletta, J. Panchuk, N. Peralta-Seen legs. 8.iii.2020 (CARTROUNNE 9385).

Etymology: The species name refers to “sapukái” from the Guaraní language, which means clamor. The “sapucai ” is a long, high-pitched shout used as a call. It is typical of the Guaraní culture and is widespread along the Argentinean littoral region and particularly in the Corrientes province. In addition, it is particularly used in the Chamamé culture.

Diagnosis: Males differ from those of C. petropolium by the presence of a tibial spur on tibia of leg I, and from C. argentinense by the retrolateral branch having two spines ( Fig. 8A ) [one large in C. argentinense , figs. 16–17 in Guadanucci (2004)]. Additionally, males differ from those of C. chicaoi by the absence of a partially bifurcate spine on the retrolateral branch of the tibial spur. Finally, males resemble those of C. parvum , from which differ by the curved spines on the retrolateral branch of the tibial spur [straight in C. parvum , fig. 10 in Guadanucci (2004)], and by the shape of the palpal bulb, with a more globose tegulum and thicker curved embolus ( Fig. 8B–C ) [thinner and straight C. parvum , fig. 5 in Galleti-Lima et al. (2021)]. Females can be easily distinguished from the known species by the shape of the spermathecae, having two elongated digitiform domes external to the inner receptacles ( Fig. 9F ).

Description: Male holotype. Color in life: carapace black with margins covered with pinkish setae, legs black with coxa and trochanter covered dorsally with pinkish setae; abdomen black with long reddish setae, mainly on anterior part, spinnerets black ( Fig. 6B ). Color in ethanol: carapace ( Fig. 7A ) and chelicerae ( Fig. 7C ) light brown with black setae, carapace margin black; abdomen dorsally black with long reddish setae, mainly on anterior part ( Fig. 7B ); legs light brown with femora, metatarsi and tarsi dark brown; sternum, labium and maxillae light brown ( Fig. 7C ), tarsi ventrally dark brown; abdomen and spinnerets ventrally brown ( Fig. 7D ). Total length: 10.24. Carapace: 5.03 long, 4.26 wide. Fovea: slightly recurved, 0.32 wide ( Fig. 7A ). Eye tubercle: 0.49 long, 0.79 wide ( Fig. 7E ). Anterior eye row procurved, posterior slightly recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.22, ALE 0.24, PME 0.16, PLE 0.23, AME–AME 0.09, AME–ALE 0.10, PME– PME 0.34, PME–PLE 0.07, ALE–PLE 0.13. Cheliceral furrow with 8 big teeth on the promargin and 10 smaller on retromargin. Labium: 0.31 long, 0.92 wide, without cuspules. Maxillae with 24/19 cuspules ( Fig. 7F ). Sternum oval: 2.73 long, 2.26 wide ( Fig. 7C ). Legs and palp measurements are shown in table 3. Spination: tarsi of all legs, 0; femur: palp: 0; I: 1P; II: 0; III: 1-1D, 1-1 R; IV: 1-1P; patellae: palp, legs I– II and IV: 0; III: 1 R; tibiae: palp: 2-1P; I: 1-1-1 V, 1-1P; II: 1-1-2(ap) V, 1-1P; III: 1-1-1-1P, 1-1-2(ap) V, 1-2-1-1 R; IV: 2-2-3(ap) V, 1-1P, 1-1-2 R; metatarsi: I: 2-1-1 V; II: 1-1 V, 1P; III: 1-2- 2-1P, 1-1-2(ap) V, 2-2 R; IV: 2-2-3(ap) V, 1-1-2P, 1-1-1 R, 1-1D. Tibial spur formed by two branches, prolateral strongly reduced bearing a strong curved spine, retrolateral well developed with two curved spines on its apical end ( Fig. 8A ). Metatarsus I bends retrolaterally to the branch of tibial spur. Paired tarsal claws I and II with 6 teeth on the prolateral side; paired tarsal claws III and IV smooth. Scopulae on tarsi: I complete and divided by a longitudinal band of 3 setae, II and III complete and divided by a longitudinal band of 4 setae, IV complete and divided by a longitudinal band of 6/7 setae. Scopulae on metatarsi: I totally occupied by scopula, II ⅔ occupied by scopula, III ¾ occupied by scopula, IV ½ occupied by scopula. Lobes of cymbium of equal size, Male palpal bulb long, embolus ventrally slightly curved, tegulum globose and tapering abruptly ( Fig. 8B–C ).

Female paratype: Color in life and in ethanol as in male ( Figs. 6A , 9A–D ). Total length: 9.68. Carapace: 4.68 long, 3.92 wide ( Fig. 9A ). Fovea: recurved, 0.44 wide. Eye tubercle: 0.47 long, 0.82 wide ( Fig. 9E ). Anterior eye row procurved, posterior slightly recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.13, ALE 0.24, PME 0.15, PLE 0.24, AME–AME 0.16, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.36, PME–PLE 0.05, ALE–PLE 0.08. Cheliceral furrow with 9 big teeth on the promargin and 12 smaller on retromargin. Labium: 0.31 long, 0.8 wide, without cuspules. Maxillae with 20/21 cuspules. Sternum oval: 2.15 long, 1.72 wide ( Fig. 9C ). Legs and palp measurements are shown in table 4. Spination: tarsi of all legs, 0; femur: palp, legs I– II: 0; III: 1-2D; IV: 1D; patellae: palp, legs I– II and IV: 0; III: 1P; tibiae: palp: 3(ap) V, 1P; I: 1-1 V; II: 1-2 V; III: 2-2-3(ap) V, 1-1- 1P, 1-1-1 R; IV: 1-2-2 V, 1-2-1P, 1-1 R; metatarsi: I: 1-1 V; II: 1-1 V; III: 1-1-3(ap) V, 2-1P, 1-1-1 R, 2(ap)D; IV: 2(ap)D, 2-2-3(ap) V, 1-1P, 2-1-1 R. Paired tarsal claws smooth. Paired tarsal claws I with 6 and II with 7 teeth on the prolateral side; paired tarsal claws III and IV smooth. Scopulae on tarsi: I complete and divided by a longitudinal band of 4 setae, II complete and divided by a longitudinal band of 5 setae, III complete and divided by a longitudinal band of 7 setae, IV complete and divided by a longitudinal band of ca. 10 setae. Scopulae on metatarsi: I and II ⅔ occupied by scopula, III and

IV ½ occupied by scopula. Spermathecae paired with internal long and slightly curved ducts bearing terminal circular receptacula, and presence of an elongated digitiform domes not sclerotized on the external side, not differentiated in a receptaculum ( Fig. 9F ).

Distribution: Catumiri sapucai sp. nov. has only been collected in its type locality in the low hill range of Paraje Tres Cerros, in north eastern Corrientes province, in northern Argentina ( Fig. 10 ).

Natural History: Specimens were found inhabiting in sympatry with those of Stenoterommata isa sp. nov. by occupying small rocks ( Fig. 6C ). However, Catumiri sapucai sp. nov. constructs short burrows or crevices with abundant silk and some sleeves ( Fig. 6D ).

Sexual behavior: From the five matings registered for Catumiri sapucai sp. nov., in two cases, males contacted the females without an evident courtship, they walked straight to the female position. In the remaining three encounters, males initiated courtship by performing a few quick body vibrations, while they moved toward the female. Then, they contacted the female with legs I and II until they faced each other and grabbed legs I and II of the female and began to pull on them (16.41 s ± 9.65 SD). Also, in contact, males performed quick body vibrations (2.09 s ± 0.89 SD) and touches the legs I and II of the females (11.92 s ± 14.16 SD). In one case, we observed that the male performed high-frequency body vibrations (29.33 s ± 17.78 SD) alternately touching the first pairs of legs of the female. In all encounters, the females moved towards the male position and raised the first pair of legs and body. Then, the males beat on the sternum and coxa of the females with their palps (4.78 s ± 4.85 SD) and subsequently clasped using their tibial apophysis between the palpal coxa and chelicerae of the female, elevating her to reach the genital opening. Males made about 3 to 5 alternated palpal insertions, with the exception of one insertion in a case in which spiders lost equilibrium and separated from each other. The duration of copulation was 30.05 s ± 23.6 SD and in most cases, males unclasped and ran away, but in two encounters females ended the copulation by moving their back legs to push away the male. No cases of aggression or cannibalism were observed.

Figures

Fig. 6. Catumiri sapucai sp. nov. A–B, Habitus. A, Male holotype. B, Female paratye. C, Habitat at Nazareno hill, Paraje Tres Cerros. D, Female at shelter in collecting site. Scale bars = 1 cm.

Fig. 7. Catumiri sapucai sp. nov., male holotype. A, carapace, dorsal view. B, Abdomen, dorsal view. C, Cephalothorax, ventral view. D, Abdomen, ventral view. E, Eyes, dorsal view. F, Labium and maxilla, ventral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 8. Catumiri sapucai sp. nov., male. A, Left leg I., prolateral view. B–C, Palp. B, Prolateral view. C, Retrolateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm. Table 3. Catumiri sapucai sp. nov. Holotype male, length of palp and leg segments

Fig. 9. Catumiri sapucai sp. nov., female paratype. A, Carapace, dorsal view. B, Abdomen, dorsal view. C, Cephalothorax, ventral view. D, Abdomen, ventral view. E, Eyes, dorsal view. F, Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 10. Distribution map of the known species of Catumiri in Argentina.