Bradysia cinerascens ( Grzegorzek, 1884 )

Babytskiy, A. I., Bezsmertna, O. O., Moroz, M. S., Pavliuk, S. D. & Honcharenko, B. V., 2020, New Records Of Bradysia Species (Diptera, Sciaridae) From Ukraine, Zoodiversity 54 (4), pp. 329-340 : 333-335

Bradysia cinerascens ( Grzegorzek, 1884) ( figs 18–27 )

= Bradysia lanicauda Tuomikoski, 1960

M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d. Ukraine, Lviv Region, outskirts of Stare Selo , 49.21899 N, 024.40241 E, ca. 340 m a. s. l., beech forest, on a forest road near a glade with beech undergrowth and blackberry, sweeping, 13.08.2016, 1 {, leg. A. Babytskiy (No. 88, UkrBIN-795805) ; Ukraine, Volyn Region, outskirts of Klubochyn, Kivertsi National Park “Tsumanska Pushcha”, 50.96447 N, 025.77727 E, ca. 210 m a. s. l., hornbeam forest with birch admixture, plot with 3 trees of Betula obscura А. Kotula , sweeping above the grass and undergrowth, 27.06.2017, 1 {, leg. A. Babytskiy (No. 198, UkrBIN-795895) ; Ukraine, Volyn Region, outskirts of Klubochyn, Kivertsi National Park “Tsumanska Pushcha”, 50.96230 N, 025.83071 E, ca. 210 m a. s. l., hornbeam-oak forest, sweeping above the grass and undergrowth and around the rotten trunks, 27.06.2017, 1 {, leg. A. Babytskiy (No. 207) ; Ukraine, Cherkasy Region, outskirts of Vyhraiv, the left bank of Ros River , 49.42680 N, 031.13279 E, ca. 120 m a. s. l., coastal forest with pine, alder and Acer negundo L. as dominants with admixture of hawthorn, pear and poplar, sweeping, 14.07.2016, 1 {, leg. A. Babytskiy (No. 126, UkrBIN-795835) .

D i s t r i b u t i o n: Austria, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Greek (mainland), Hungary, Ireland, Italy (mainland), Latvia, Poland, Portugal (mainland), Slovakia, Spain (mainland), Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands ( Menzel & Heller, 2013), Romania ( Gerbachevskaja-Pavluchenko, 1986), Ireland and United Kingdom ( Menzel et al., 2006), Ukraine (first record). Also known from Russia: Central European part ( Menzel & Heller, 2013), northern European part ( Gerbachevskaja-Pavluchenko, 1986), West Siberia (Altai Region) ( Komarov, 2011).

Diagnosis. Very dark species, with paler halteres and legs. Eye bridge consists of 3–4 rows of ommatidia ( fig. 26 ). Four facial setae strong and long, also several shorter setae on the sides. The low part of the face iridescent pale-gray. Antenna black-brown, its length 2.1 mm and reach 3 / 4 of the body length. The setae on the flagellum do not exceed 1 / 3 of the flagellomere diameter ( Tuomikoski, 1960). Flagellomeres 1.5–2.0 times as long as thick, with gray pubescence ( Grzegorzek, 1884). The 4 th flagellomere about 2.5 times as long as thick ( Tuomikoski, 1960). Maxillary palp black-brown, consists of 3 palpomeres. Basal palpomere (p 1) with one long subapical seta and 3 shorter setae ( fig. 23 ); p 3 long. Thorax black. Notum with black setae ( fig. 18 ). Scutum black with three rows of streaky black-brown or black-gray, short setae and longer black-brown setae on the sides. Scutellum with 2 (4) longer blackbrown setae on the top. Abdomen matt black-brown, black setae. Legs pitchy-brown, with paler femur and darker tarsi. The length of femur 3 = 1.30 mm, tibia 3 = 1.75 mm, tarsus 3 = 1.95 mm, metatarsus 3 = 0.90 mm. Wing 3.2 mm in length; membrane bright-gray, veins brown. Membrane and posterior veins without macrotrichia; R 1 long, falling into C in front of the M-fork base; c/w = 0.75, R 5 joins C a bit before the end of M 2; stM weak, but recognizable, slightly longer than M 1; M-fork straight, equally wide; stCuA/x = 0.67 ( fig. 25 ). Gonocoxite ventrally marginal fine, long and dense setose, partly with pale setae (on both inner sides of the cleavage, fig. 19 ). Base of hypopygium with a basomedial group of strong setae on inner membrane, consist with 7 setae ( fig. 20 ). Gonostylus apically wide rounded, with apical dark, fur-like, dense setae, dense subapical group of spinose setae and claw-like tooth on the apex ( fig. 21 ).

Bradysia cinerascens belongs to the large B. pallipes group containing 32 species, which differ from the other species groups of Bradysia by apically wide rounded, not narrowed to a point gonostyles with apical dark, dense, fur-like setae and dense subapical group of spinose setae or short spines; inner side of gonocoxites mostly with long, strong setae that often extend to middle of genitalia and with 2 dense groups of setae on basal corner or with a group of strong setae or lobe-like procession on inner membrane; sensory area on basal palpomere with distinct margin in a deep pit; R and R 1 veins usually long, joining C almost opposite or only slightly before the base of M-fork ( Menzel & Mohrig, 2000; Menzel & Heller 2005). The shape of gonostylus and structures on the apex of B. cinerascens are similar to B. confinis (Winnertz, 1867) from the B. rufescens group ( Frey, 1948; Tuomikoski, 1960), but they differ ventrally in the setosity of inner margin of gonocoxites and the intergonocoxal differentiation at the base of hypopygium ( B. cinerascens : hypopygium short setose on inner margin of gonocoxites and with a basomedial group of setae on inner membrane; B. rufescens : hypopygium with long, strong setae on inner margin of gonocoxites and a sclerotized basal lobe, which only has coarse setae on the margin). Bradysia cinerascens differs also from B. confinis , by presence of more than 4 long, strong scutellar setae that differs all species of B. pallipes group from B. rufescens species, the last ones bear only 2 strong marginal setae on scutellum. Moreover, B. cinerascens is larger in body size, with broader genitalia and narrower gonostyli.

Note. Tibial organ of t 1 in present specimens consists of ca. 10 setae in comb-like row ( fig. 22 ). Studied male imagoes reach 3.0– 3.2 mm in length, wing 2.3–2.8 mm long and 0.9–1.1 mm wide; y bears 2–5 macrotrichia (sometimes 1 macrotrichia present in the middle of almost bare y, far before the neighbor macrotrichia, black arrow shows on fig. 27 ). Grzegorzek indicated in the original description that the flagellomeres are 1.5–2.0 times as long as thick, Tuomikoski in his redescription noted the value of the 4 th flagellomere length/ width index as 2.5, but in studied specimens this index was ca. 3.2 ( fig. 24 ). The length of the setae on the studied flagella exceeds a half of flagellomere width that disagrees with Tuomikoski’s statement (see description above). Biometric indexes of studied specimens: width/length of wing = 0.38–0.41; stM/M-fork = 0.80–0.90; R 1 /R = 1.07–1.29; x/y = 1.02– 1.48; stCuA/x = 0.53–0.89; c/w = 0.67–0.72. Length of spur/width of tibia: leg 1 = 1.49–1.86, leg 2 = 1.90–2.14; leg 3 = 1.79–2.11. Length of metatarsus/length of tibia: leg 1 = 0.57–0.60, leg 2 = 0.56–0.59, leg 3 = 0.50–0.52. Length of tibia 3/length of thorax 1.31–1.41.

Figures

Figs 18–27. Bradysia cinerascens, male: 18 — thorax, lateral view; 19 — hypopygium, ventral view; 20 — base of hypopygium with basomedial group of bristles on inner membrane, ventral view; 21 — gonostylus, ventral view; 22 — anterior apex of fore tibia (t 1) with tibial organ, lateral view; 23 — basal palpomere of maxillary palp, lateral view; 24 — fourth flagellomere, lateral view; 25 — wing, dorsal view; 26 — eye bridge, frontal view; 27 — medial macrotrichia on y of specimen no. 207 (black arrow shows). Scale bars: 0.10 mm.