Suana zolotuhini Spitsyn & Bolotov, 2021

Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Kondakov, Alexander V., Tomilova, Alena A., Spitsyna, Elizaveta A. & Bolotov, Ivan N., 2021, A new species of the genus Suana from eastern Indonesia (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), Zootaxa 5048 (1), pp. 145-150 : 145-149

Suana zolotuhini Spitsyn & Bolotov , sp. nov.

Figs 2–18 .

= Suana concolor ? ssp. riemsdyki Zolotuhin & Witt (2005) : 68; Zolotuhin (2009): 40; Spitsyn et al. (2019): 28 [identification error].

Holotype. ♂ RMBH Sph 0832 INDONESIA, East Nusa Tenggara, Flores Island, Bajawa , Manulalu Ecolodge , planting of eucalyptus with fragmented areas of natural vegetation, 1117 m alt., 08º51’45”S, 120º59’40”E, 01–02 February 2020,

V. Spitsyn & E. Spitsyna leg.

Paratypes. INDONESIA, East Nusa Tenggara , Flores Island, Bajawa, Manulalu Ecolodge , planting of eucalyptus with fragmented areas of natural vegetation, 1117 m alt., 08º51’45”S, 120º59’40”E, 01–02 February 2020, V . Spitsyn & E. Spitsyna leg.— 2♂ ( RMBH Sph 0833, Sph 0889) ; INDONESIA, East Nusa Tenggara , Flores Island, Bajawa, Wolokoro Ecolodge , heavily disturbed monsoon forests and eucalyptus plantings, 08º49’02”S, 120º56’03”E, 8 February 2020, V . Spitsyn & E. Spitsyna leg.— 1♂ ( RMBH Sph 0883) ; INDONESIA, Flores (W) (Prov. Nusa Tenggara Timur), Gunung (= Mt. ) Ranaka , (N) 9 km E Ruteng, 1140 m, sec.[ondary] forest, 14/15.iv.1996, leg./ex coll. Dr. Ron Brechlin — 1♂ ( MWM / ZSM) ; INDONESIEN, Flores-W, Prov. Nusa Tenggara Timur, Mt. Rawak (E), 3 km S Mano, 18 km SE Ruteng , Primarwald , 1270 m, 17–21.iv.1996, leg. Dr. Ron Brechlin — 1♂ ( MWM / ZSM) ; INDONESIA, East Sumba , Luku Melolo N. R ., 550 m, 29.vi—15.vii.2005, leg. St. Jakl — 5♂ ( MWM / ZSM) .

Diagnosis. The new species represents a distant phylogenetic lineage that can easily be distinguished from other taxa by multiple fixed nucleotide substitutions in the COI gene fragment (paratype’s GenBank acc. no. MW286510 ). In particular, the new species differs from its closest relative, S. riemsdyki of Sumatra, by 21 fixed nucleotide substitutions in the COI gene sequence: 48C, 66C, 117C, 150G, 246A, 255A, 261T, 279T, 324T, 331T, 339C, 378C, 390C, 405C, 423T, 450C, 477G, 490G, 495G, 540A, 609A. The new species can be distinguished from S. aeolida by a convex external margin of the hind wing (vs concave in S. aeolida ). Conversely, Suana zolotuhini sp. nov. does not share clear morphological features to distinguish it from S. concolor , S. zahmi , and S. riemsdyki . Finally, the new species is endemic to the islands of Flores and Sumba that could also be used as a supplementary diagnostic character, because insular Suana taxa seem to have strictly allopatric distribution.

Description. Male: Wingspan 54–63 mm, forewing length 26–32 mm. Eye dark-olive. Antenna bipectinate, pectination gradually shortening in length until tip, flagellum covered with brown and white scales. Head brown with white scales. Labial palpus large. Thorax, patagium and tegula brown with scarce white scales. Legs brown. Upperside of the forewing brown with complex pattern. Pattern consist of light orange spot nearby antemedial band; white discal spot; antemedial and postmedial bands slightly paler brown bounded with wavy dark brown lines; subexternal wavy dark brown line and external staggered band of pale and dark brown segments. The white discal spot of various shape (rounded to ovate or even comma-like, N = 12), although several specimens lack this spot (N = 7). Upperside of the hind wing brown without pattern. Abdomen brown. Male genitalia: Tegumen band-shaped with pair of socii. Valva finger-shaped, elongated with rounded apex, its base widened and covered with setae (this base seems to be undeveloped sacculus). Vinculum ventrally enlarged, it bears pair of distal lobes united medially with membrane and sharing a cup-like shape. Aedeagus claw-shaped, with pointed apex, juxta C-shaped, stem-like, with short fuses to aedeagus medially. Vesica bag-shaped, without cornuti. Eighth sternite somewhat trapezoidal, medially splitting with more or less pronounced membranous seam, dividing distal margin into two pointed triangular lobes, basal apophyses weakly developed. Eighth tergite somewhat pentagonal, with rounded apex, large membranous medial field, and short basal apophyses. Female: Unknown.

Etymology. This species is named in memory of the late Dr. Vadim V. Zolotuhin, an excellent expert in the Lasiocampidae worldwide.

DNA sequences. The COI sequence of a paratype (voucher RMBH Sph0833; GenBank acc. no. MW286510 ) reveals that the new species is distant from other available taxa of this genus. The nearest neighbor of the new species: Suana aff. riemsdyki 1 from Palawan Island, Philippines; BOLD sequence IDs: LTOLB916-11, LTOLB918-11, LTOLB917-11, and LBEOA442-11; minimum COI p -distance = 4.0% ( Fig. 1 ). The BOLD database contains four additional COI sequences of Suana zolotuhini sp. nov. paratypes from Flores (N = 2; BOLD sequence IDs: LBEOA449-11 and LBEOA446-11; vouchers MWM 2011.2531 and MWM 2011.2528) and Sumba (N = 2; BOLD sequence IDs: LBEOA444-11 and LBEOA445- 11; vouchers MWM 2011.2526 and MWM 2011.2527) ( Fig. 1 ). The sequences of the new species from Sumba are rather distant from those from Flores (COI p -distance = 1.2%).

Distribution. Eastern Indonesia: Flores and Sumba islands.

Figures

FIGURE 1. BOLD TaxonID Tree based on the COI Full Database (accessed on 23 October 2020). Each sequence name contains the following information: species name | collecting locality | BOLD/GenBank accession number. The new species is red. *Our newly sequenced paratype RMBH Sph0833. The scale bar indicates the K2P distance between COI sequences (%).

FIGURES 2–5. Suana zolotuhini sp. nov., Flores Island, Indonesia: 2–3) Holotype male RMBH Sph0832: 2) upperside, 3) underside; 4) Paratype male RMBH Sph0883; 5) Paratype male RMBH Sph0833. Scale bar = 10 mm. (Photos: Elizaveta Spitsyna).

FIGURES 6–17. Male genitalia of Suana zolotuhini sp. nov.: 6, 9) Holotype male RMBH Sph0832 Bajawa, Flores Island, Indonesia; 12, 15) Paratype male RMBH Sph0889 Bajawa, Flores Island, Indonesia; 7, 10, 13, 16) Paratype male MWM/ZSM Ruteng, Flores Island, Indonesia; 8, 11, 14, 17) Paratype male MWM/ZSM Luku Melolo, Sumba Island, Indonesia. (Photos: Elizaveta Spitsyna and Alexey Prozorov).

FIGURE 18. Distribution map of Suana zolotuhini sp. nov.: (1) Flores, near Bajawa; (2) Flores, near Ruteng; (3) Sumba, Luku Melolo Forest. The base of the map was modified from Lohman et al. (2011).