Gastrodia qingyunshanensis J. X. Huang, H. Xu et H. J. Yang, 2021

Shi, Shi, Yang, Haijun, Wei, Xuefen, Liang, Qianyu, Yang, Xindong, Zeng, Xianxing, Xie, Chonglin, Chen, Liubao, Huang, Qinghua, Zeng, Guohong, Jiang, Zhurong, Xu, Han & Huang, Jiuxiang, 2021, Gastrodia qingyunshanensis (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) - a new holomycotrophic orchid from Guangdong, China, Phytotaxa 483 (2), pp. 177-182 : 180

Gastrodia qingyunshanensis J. X. Huang, H. Xu et H. J. Yang , sp. nov. *云山±※

Type: — CHINA. Guangdong Province, Shaoguan City, Wengyuan County, Mt Qingyunshan , elev. 528 m, 24°18’ 11.03” N, 114°14’43.08” E, 21 March 2019, H. J . Yang & J. X. Huang QYS20190321015 (holotype CANT!, isotype CANT!) .

Morphological analysis:—Aphyllous terrestrial herb, annual. Plants 2–4 cm tall. Rhizome yellowish brown, cylindrical or fusiform, 3–4 cm long, 0.3–0.6 cm in diameter, pilose. Peduncle brown, ca. 1.2 cm, fleshy; rachis 0.5–1.5 cm, 2–4-flowered; floral bracts subrounded, 5.5 × 5.5 mm, shorter than pedicel, apex acute. Inflorescence erect, opening weakly, dark brown; pedicel elongating to 10–30 cm in fruit. Perianth tube urceolate, ca. 1 cm long, outer surface verrucose, with a sinus between lateral sepals. Sepals trilobed at the apex, the lateral ones connated ca. 3/4 of their length with the base of the lip and the dorsal sepal. Free lobe of sepals broadly ovate, 4.2 mm, apex obtuse; free portion of petals adherent to the cleft of sepals, oblong, 2.5 × 1.6 mm, much smaller than sepal lobes, margin slightly erose, apex rounded; lip simple, oblong, 3 × 1.6 mm, glabrous, margin entire, apex rounded. Column clavate, 5–6 mm, with an elongate, forked appendage on ventral surface; appendage 4–4.5 mm; column wings triangular; column foot short. Rostellum absent.Anthers ovate, 1.5 × 1 mm; pollinia 2, mealy, sessile; stigma subterminal. Capsule cylindric, 20–30 mm. Fl. Mar–Apr. Seeds small, numerous.

Phenology:—Flowering mainly from March to April, fruiting from April to June. Capsules ripened within 1–2 weeks after flowering.

Distribution and habitat:—The species is currently found in the Jiaotoujiao hill, Mt. Qingyunshan, Wengyuan County, Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province, China. Only two populations were found so far occur in thick and damp humus of dense forest with semi-shade. Each population size is generally small, ranging from 10 to 30 individuals at the time of observation. One population has less than 30 individuals and can be found every year.

Etymology:—The specific epithet for this species refers to Mt. Qingyunshan, the locality of the type collection.