Trioza struthanthi, Burckhardt, Daniel, Diaz, Fiorella & Queiroz, Dalva L., 2017

Burckhardt, Daniel, Diaz, Fiorella & Queiroz, Dalva L., 2017, Four new neotropical Trioza species associated with Loranthaceae (Santalales) and comments on mistletoe inhabiting psyllids (Hemiptera, Psylloidea), Alpine Entomology 1, pp. 91-108 : 94-95

Trioza struthanthi sp. n. Figs 1, 2, 9, 10, 17-19, 29-32, 42, 44, 47, 48

Material examined.

Brazil: holotype ♀, Brazil: Paraná, Curitiba, Parque Tanguá, ‒25.3770 ‒49.2839, 870 m, 25.vi.2017, old mine redone as park with seminatural biotopes, mixed Atlantic and Araucaria forest, Struthanthus uraguensis (D. Burckhardt & D.L. Queiroz) DB&DLQ#243(2) (MZSP, dry).

Paratypes: Brazil: 1 ♀, Minas Gerais, Coromandel, Fazenda Lage, -18.5452 -46.9092, 1060 m, 5.iii.2014 (D. L. Queiroz) DLQ#606(-) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004523); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same but Vargem Bonita, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, Cachoeira Casca d’Anta, near waterfall, -20.3083 -46.5233, 860 m, 5.ix.2014, transition from riparian to cerrado vegetation, Struthanthus uraguensis (D. Burckhardt & D.L. Queiroz) DB&DLQ#143(10) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004520); 2 ♀, same but Cachoeira Casca d’Anta, plateau, -20.2967/2983 -46.5183/52833, 1160-1250 m, 6.ix.2014, degraded cerrado and riparian vegetation, Struthanthus sp., DB&DLQ#144(8) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004521); 5 ♂, 7 ♀, 6 immatures, Paraná, Antonina, Usina Parigot de Souza, ‒25.2438 -48.7511, 30 m, 17‒20.vii.2017, roadside vegetation, Atlantic forest, Struthanthus uraguensis (D. Burckhardt & D.L. Queiroz) DB&DLQ#248(8) (NHMB, dry, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004493-NMB-PSYLL0004497); 1 ♀, same but ‒25.2702 -48.7322, 18.vii.2017 (I. Malenovský) (MMBC, dry); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 immature, same but Bocaiuva do Sul, BR-476 km 72, -25.0800 -49.0933, 1140 m, 21.iv.2013, remnants of Atlantic forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#108(4) (NMHB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004518); 1 ♂, 3 ♀, same but Colombo, Embrapa campus, -25.3200/3350 -49.1567/1683, 920 m, 1-5.iv.2013, remnants of Atlantic forest, waste place with Baccharis spp., various plantations, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#96(10) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004516); 3 ♂, 5 ♀, 1 immature, same but 24.vii.2017, Struthanthus uraguensis (I. Malenovský) (MMBC, dry, ethanol 99%); 6 ♂, 11 ♀, same but Curitiba, Barrio São Lourenço, ‒25.3925 -49.2619, 23.vii.2017, street trees and park vegetation, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#252(4) (NHMB, dry, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004498-NMB-PSYLL0004501); 3 ♂, 2 ♀, 9 immatures, 2 skins, same but Boa Vista, near Parque São Lourenço, ‒25.3835 -49.2627, 24.vi.2017, street trees, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#233(1) (NHMB, dry, slide, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004481-NMB-PSYLL0004483); 9 ♂, 7 ♀, 3 skins, same but Boa Vista, Rua Holanda, ‒25.3943 -49.2523, 830 m, 2.vii.2017, single trees and shrubs, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#243(2) (MZSP, NHMB, UFPR, USNM, dry, slide, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004455-NMB-PSYLL0004458); 1 ♀, same but Centro Politécnico, UFPR, -25.4467 -49.2317, 900 m, 7.v.2014, park with planted trees, remnants of Araucaria forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#136(8) (NHMB, ethanol 70%); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, same but -25.4467, -49.2317, 890 m, 1.vii.2015, park with planted trees, remnants of Araucaria forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#173(9) (NHMB, ethanol 70%); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, same but -25.4450, -49.2345, 900 m, 15.vi.2016, park with planted trees, remnants of Araucaria forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#200(12) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0005998); 5 ♂, 5 ♀, same but -25.4451 -49.2341, 25-27.vii.2017 (I. Malenovský) (MMBC, dry, 99% ethanol); 4 ♂, 6 ♀, 3 immatures, same but ‒25.4466 -49.2321, 840 m, 23.vi.2017, park with planted trees, remnants of Araucaria forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#231(3) (NHMB, dry, slide, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004477-NMB-PSYLL0004480); 1 ♂, 7 ♀, 6 immatures, same but ‒25.4466 -49.2321, 840 m, 23.vi.2017, park with planted trees, remnants of Araucaria forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , D. Burckhardt & D.L. Queiroz, DB&DLQ#244(5) (NHMB, dry, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004459-NMB-PSYLL0004460); 2 ♂, same but Cidade Industrial, Parque Tropeiros, Rua Raul Pompéia, ‒25.4944 -49.3527, 11.vi.2017, park with remnants of Atlantic forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#225(5) (NHMB, dry, NMB-PSYLL0004476); 1 ♂, same but Parque Atuba, -25.3817, -49.2033, 890 m, 12.ii.2013, planted park vegetation, river bank and remnants of Atlantic forest, DB&DLQ#92(-) (NHMB, ethanol 70%); 1 ♂, same but Parque Bacacheri, -25.3200/3350, -49.1567/1683, 920 m, 6.iv.2013, park, remnants of Atlantic forest, DB&DLQ#98(-) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004517); 1 ♂, 5 ♀, same but Parque Passaúna, -25.4750 -49.3767, 940 m, 5.ii.2013, planted park vegetation and edge of Araucaria forest remnants, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#89(3) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004514); 1 ♀, same but -25.4750 -49.3783, 930 m, 8.ii.2016, planted park vegetation and edge of Araucaria forest remnants, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#195(3) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004522; 3 ♂, 4 ♀, 2 immatures, same but -25.4750 -49.3783, 930 m, 30.vii.2017, planted park vegetation and edge of Araucaria forest remnants, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#253(5) (NHMB, dry, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004502-NMB-PSYLL0004504); 3 ♀, same but (I. Malenovský) (MMBC, dry, ethanol 99%); 3 ♂, 2 ♀, 6 immatures, same but Parque São Lourenço, -5.3817 -49.2650, 930 m, 5.xii.2012, planted park vegetation, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#86(6) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004512); 7 ♂, 3 ♀, 6 immatures, same but Parque Tanguá, -25.3817, -49.2850, 930 m, 6.ii.2013, old mine redone as park with seminatural biotopes, mixed Atlantic Araucaria forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#90(10) (NHMB, slide, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004506, NMB-PSYLL0004515); 3 ♂, 7 ♀, 1 immatures, same but ‒25.37702 -49.28393, 870 m, 25.vi.2017, old mine redone as park with seminatural biotopes, mixed Atlantic and Araucaria forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#234(4) (BMNH, NHMB, dry, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004484-NMB-PSYLL0004485); 10 ♂, 15 ♀, 3 immatures, same but Parque Tingui, -25.3867/3950, -49.3067, 910-920 m, 21-24.x.2012, planted park vegetation and remnants of Araucaria forest edge, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#46(6) (NHMB, dry, slide, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004461-NMB-PSYLL0004473); 1 ♂, same but -25.3950 -49.3050, 870 m, 26.xi.2012, planted park vegetation and edge of Araucaria forest remnant, Queiroz, DB&DLQ#77(-) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004511); 1 ♀, same but -25.3950 -49.3050, 870 m, 10.xii.2012, planted park vegetation and edge of remnants of Araucaria forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#88(-) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004513); 3 ♀, 1 immatures, same but -25.3950 -49.3050, 890 m, 31.iii.2013, planted park vegetation and remnants of Atlantic forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#95(4) (NHMB, ethanol 70%); 9 ♂, 5 ♀, 5 immatures, 2 skins, same but ‒25.3953 -49.3062, 860 m, 16.vii.2017, planted park vegetation and remnants of Atlantic forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#247(2) (NHMB, dry, slide, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004487-NMB-PSYLL0004492); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, same but (I. Malenovský) (MMBC, dry, 99% ethanol); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, same but Piraquara, Parque Estadual do Marumbi, -25.1567/1600 -48.9750/9933, 890-1170 m, 23-24.iv.2013, Atlantic forest, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#109(11) (NMHB, ethanol 70%); 3 ♀, 1 immatures, same but Ponta Grossa, Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, ‒25.2238/2465 -49.9927/50.0399, 750‒870 m, 12‒14.vii.2017, Araucaria forest, transitional forest, Baccharis scrub, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#246(2) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004486); 1 ♀, same but Tunas do Paraná, Parque Campinhos, -25.0367/0417 -49.0900/1000, 870 m, 8.v.2014, edges of transitional Araucaria /Atlantic forest, park, Struthanthus uraguensis , DB&DLQ#137(1) (NHMB, ethanol 70%); 1 ♂, Rio Grande do Sul, Passo Fundo, Brigada Militar, -28.2333 -52.3333, 640 m, 5.v.2014, remnants of degraded Atlantic forest ( A. L. Marsaro Júnior) ALM#023/14 PF (NHMB, dry, NMB-PSYLL0003308); 1 ♀, Santa Catarina, Caçador, Embrapa, -26.8400/8650 -50.1017/9750, 930-1070 m, 16-17.ix.2011, Atlantic forest, Struthanthus uraguensis (D. Burckhardt & D.L. Queiroz) DB&DLQ#9(9) (NHMB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004510); 1 ♂, same but São Bento do Sul to Corupá, BR-280, km 102-97, -26.3500 -49.3400, 430 m, 28.iv.2013, Atlantic forest, DB&DLQ#114(-) (NMHB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL0004519); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 immature, same but Urubici, Morro da Igreja, Pousada Cascata Véu de Noiva, ‒28.07608 ‒49.51567, 1360 m, 28.vi.2017, pasture with trees, degraded forest edge, sweeping vegetation, DB&DLQ#239(-) (NMHB, ethanol 70%, NMB-PSYLL000461).

Diagnosis.

Member of the Trioza struthanthi -group. Body of adult brown to almost black. Forewing membrane with a dark brown infuscation in cell cu2 close to anal vein. Genal processes 0.8 times as long as vertex along mid-line, irregularly tapering to subacute apex. Forewing subacute apically, 2.6-2.8 times as long as wide. Paramere about twice as long as broad, straight. Dorsal margin of female proctiger strongly angled; valvula ventralis lacking apico-ventral teeth. Fifth instar immature with following numbers of marginal sectasetae (one side only): head 34-36, forewing bud 90-102, hindwing bud 16-18, precaudal abdominal margin 2, caudal plate 84-87; distal portion of sectasetae on forewing bud 1.5 times as long as wide.

Description.

Adult (Fig. 1). Colouration. Brown to black, intersegmental membranes red. Tips of genal processes dirty yellowish; eyes grey, ocelli yellowish to grey. Antennal segments 1 brown and 2 yellow, flagellum brown, gradually becoming darker towards apex. Tibiae entirely and basitarsi partially yellow. Veins of forewing light brown, membrane yellowish with indistinct brown patch along clavus (cell cu2), transparent. Hindwing transparent, colourless. Male terminalia brown. Younger specimens almost entirely dirty yellow, getting gradually darker with age.

Structure. Body length ♂ 2.3-2.9 mm (2.60 ± 0.17 mm), ♀ 2.7-3.1 mm (2.85 ± 0.11 mm) (10 ♂, 10 ♀). Genal processes 0.8 times as long as vertex along mid-line, irregularly tapering to subacute apex (Fig. 2). Antenna 1.4-1.6 times as long as head width; segments 4 and 6 distinctly inflated apically. Forewing (Fig. 9) narrowly lanceolate, subacute apically, 4.2-4.7 times as long as head width, 2.6-2.8 times as long as wide; surface spinules present in all cells, leaving spinule-free stripes along the veins and reduced at the base of cells, only few or no spinules in cell c+sc, forming indistinct transverse rows (Fig. 10). Metatibia 0.8-0.9 times as long as head width, genual tooth prominent. - Terminalia as in Figs 17-19, 29-32. Male: setae on proctiger covering a wide area in apical two thirds arranged in several indistinct transverse rows. Paramere about as long as proctiger, in profile, about twice as long as broad; outer and inner lobe of about the same length; outer lobe with sclerotised tooth subapically, inner lobe with sclerotised, forward directed point; inner surface with long setae, in basal half with a group of thick bristles. Distal segment of aedeagus weakly expanded apically. Female: dorsal outline of proctiger in basal two thirds almost straight, then abruptly curved down, forming angular bump; apical process bearing five evenly spaced, dorsal teeth. Subgenital plate, in ventral view, truncate apically, with a small group of setae apically which is well separated from other setae. Oblique apex of ventral valvula smooth, lacking teeth. - Measurements see Table 2.

Fifth instar immature (Fig. 42). Colouration. Head and thorax yellow, wing pads and abdomen light ochreous, the latter sometimes greenish. Eyes reddish-grey. Antennae brown. Ventral body surface yellow, tips of tarsi brown.

Structure. Outer circumanal ring (Fig. 48) with a single row of 88-93 pores (one side only); distance between posterior margins of circumanal ring and of caudal plate 1.0 times as long as outer circumanal ring in longitudinal body axis. Marginal truncate sectasetae present in following numbers (one side only): head 34-36, forewing bud 90-102, hindwing bud 16-18, precaudal abdominal margin 2, caudal plate 84-87; distal portion of sectasetae on forewing bud 1.5 times as wide (Fig. 44).

Etymology.

The species is named after its host plant genus Struthanthus ; struthanthi is a noun in the genitive case.

Distribution.

Brazil (Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina).

Host plant.

Struthanthus uraguensis G. Don ( Loranthaceae ).

Discussion.

Trioza struthanthi differs from the other six members of the T. struthanthi -group in the dark brown or almost black body colour of the adults which is yellow, orange or light brown in the other species, in the presence of a dark brown patch in cell cu2 of the forewing, in the much broader paramere and the strongly angled dorsal margin of the female proctiger. The fifth instar immatures of T. struthanthi differ from those of T. tripodanthi in the larger number of marginal sectasetae und from those of T. tristericis in the shorter and broader marginal sectasetae. The immatures of T. vagata and of the North American species of the T. struthanthi -group are unknown.