Barsine

Volynkin, Anton V. & Černý, Karel, 2017, A review of the Barsine obsoleta species-group with description of a new species from Vietnam (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), Zootaxa 4254 (2), pp. 188-200 : 194-199

Barsine fossi Volynkin & Černý, sp. nov.

( Figs. 9–12 , 22 , 29 )

Type material. Holotype ( Figs. 9 , 22 ): male, XI.2015, Central Vietnam, Quang Ngai province, Bato Mt. , 900 m, Le Luong Thanh leg., slide AV 1643m Volynkin (Coll. NHM, ex coll. CAV).

Paratypes: 3 ♂, 3 ♀, same data as in holotype, slides AV 2283m Volynkin (♂), AV2284f Volynkin (♀) (Colls CAV and NHM) ; 4 ♂, same locality and collector, but X.2015 (Coll. CAV) ; 2 ♂, X.2015, Central Vietnam , Da Nang province, Ba Na Mt. , 1450 m, Le Luong Thanh leg. (Coll. CAV) ; 2 ♀, V.2016, South Vietnam, Lam Dong province, Lac Duong district, Tay Nguyen Highlands, Nui Ba National Park , leg. Vo Van Nhon (Coll. CAV) ; 2 ♂, same locality and collector, but 15.III.2016 and 20 . III.2 016 (Coll. CAV); 1 ♂, Vietnam, Tam Dao , 19.X. [19]76, A. Helia lgt. (Coll. CKC) ; 1 ♀, S Vietnam, Plato Tay Nguyen, Mt. Ngoc Linh , 15°02'N, 107°59'E, H = 900–1400 [m], 10–25.VIII.1996, lg. Siniaev & Afonin, ex coll. Alex. Schintlmeister (Coll. MWM/ ZSM).

Diagnosis. The new species ( Figs. 9–12 ) can be easily separated from both relatives ( Figs. 5–8 ) by its smaller size in males and bright yellow forewing ground color, with sharp red and black pattern elements in both sexes (unlike both relatives, in B. fossi sp. nov. the sexual dimorphism is expressed only in size and forewing width differences and not in pattern or wing coloration). By the wing pattern and coloration, the new species resembles also some representatives of other species groups, viz., B. gratiosa ( Guérin-Méneville, 1843) ( Figs. 13–14 , 24 , 32 ), B. mactans Butler, 1877 ( Figs. 15 , 25 , 31 ) and B. perlucidula Buscek, 2012 ( Figs. 16 , 26 ), but differs clearly from them by the male and female genitalia structure. Externally, B. fossi sp. nov. ( Figs. 9–12 ) differs from B. gratiosa ( Figs. 13–14 ) by the smaller black dots on veins inside crosslines, broader and darker red spot pattern elements of forewing, longer black strokes between veins in the submarginal area, and pale red hindwings; from B. mactans ( Fig. 15 ) differs by the much more contrast pattern, crosslines yellow with black dots on veins, sharp and longer black strokes between veins in the submarginal area, and pale red hindwings; from B. perlucidula ( Fig. 16 ) differs by the more contrast pattern, larger red spot pattern elements of forewing, smaller black dots on veins inside crosslines, and longer black strokes between veins in the submarginal area. The male genitalia ( Fig. 22 ) differ from both B. obsoleta ( Fig. 19 ) and B. callorufa ( Figs. 20–21 ) by the much larger and broader medial costal process, the distally broader valva, the narrower apical lobe of valva, the weaker basal saccular process, the longer and narrower distal saccular process which is stronger separated from the apical lobe of valva, the larger aedeagus, the narrower and strongly curved 1st medial diverticulum, the much larger main lobe of the 2nd medial diverticulum, distally broader 3rd medial diverticulum, and presence of a 4th medial diverticulum (absent in B. obsoleta and B. callorufa ). The female genitalia of B. fossi ( Fig. 29 ) differ from both B. obsoleta ( Fig. 27 ) and B. callorufa ( Fig. 28 ) by the ductus bursae much broader posteriorly, the broader corpus bursae, the longer appendix bursae, and presence of an additional anterior signum in the corpus bursae.

Description. Adult ( Figs. 9–12 ). Forewing length 15–16 mm in males and 19–20 mm in females. Male antennae ciliate, female antennae filiform. Head red with some yellow scales. Ground color of thorax red, with several black dots on central area; patagia bright yellow with red margins; tegulae bright yellow, with red margins and large central black spots. Abdomen red. Forewing of male narrower than that of female. Forewing background bright yellow; pattern consists of large bright red spots between veins in subbasal and medial areas, bright red lines on veins in submarginal and marginal areas, two black dots at the wing base on anterior and posterior wing margins, one black dot subbasally, wavy antemedial line presented as row of black dots on veins, slightly wavy medial line presented as row of black dots on veins, and strong black strokes of different length between veins in submarginal area; cilia dark yellow. Hind wing red in male and pale red in female, in both sexes with slight yellowish suffusion on veins and in the anterior area. Male genitalia ( Fig. 22 ). Uncus long, narrow, laterally flattened, moderately broadened distally, with small pointed claw-like tip. Tuba analis broad, membranous; scaphium narrow and moderately sclerotized; subscaphium as broad scobinate area. Tegumen moderately long and broad; juxta long, shield-like, with two short trigonal lower lobes; vinculum short, V-like. Valva moderately broad, medially broadened; medial costal process large and broad; distal costal process broadly trigonal, small; apical lobe of valva moderately large, narrow, apically rounded; sacculus strongly sclerotized, its basal process with broad base, long, strongly curved, apically pointed; distal saccular process long, narrow, slightly curved ventrally, well separated from the apical lobe of valva. Aedeagus large, narrow, almost straight; vesica broad, its structure typical for Barsine s. str. Basal diverticulum absent; 1st medial diverticulum long, medially narrowed, distally with fine scobination; 2nd medial diverticulum bilobate, its main lobe very broad, with field of strong short cornuti of different size, additional lobe short, conical, with strong scobination; 3rd medial diverticulum long, slightly curved, distally narrowed, with strong short cornuti of different size; 4th medial diverticulum small, conical, with small short cornuti; 5th medial diverticulum short, broad, with large strong cornuti of different size; additional small subapical dorsal diverticulum presented; basal plate of ductus ejaculatorius narrow, strongly sclerotized. Female genitalia ( Fig. 29 ). Papillae anales broad, rectangular with rounded edges; apophyses anteriores and posteriores long and thin, apophyses anteriores somewhat shorter than posteriores. Ostium bursae broad; antrum broad, slightly rugose; ductus bursae strongly sclerotized, flattened dorso-ventrally, medially narrowed, its anterior membranous sections short. Corpus bursae globular, with strong rugose sclerotization and scobination posteriorly, with large rounded medial and anterior signa; anterior section of corpus bursae membranous with weak scobination. Appendix bursae strongly sclerotized, conical, situated latero-dorsally, curved.

Distribution. The species is known from Vietnam (Quang Ngai, Da Nang and Lam Dong provinces and Tam Dao National Park).

Etymology. The species name is dedicated to a friend of the senior author's family, Mr. Grigory G. Foss (Barnaul, Russia).

Figures

FIGURES 5 – 12. Barsine spp.: adults. 5, B. obsoleta, neotype male, China, Zhejiang (ZFMK); 6, B. obsoleta, female, China, Zhejiang (ZFMK); 7, B. callorufa, holotype male, Taiwan, Mingchih (TFRI, photo by Sh. Wu); 8, B. callorufa, paratype female, Taiwan, Mingchih (TFRI, photo by Sh. Wu); 9, B. fossi, holotype male, Vietnam, Quang Ngai prov. (NHM); 10, B. fossi, paratype male, Vietnam, Quang Ngai prov. (CAV); 11, B. fossi, paratype female, Vietnam, Quang Ngai prov. (CAV); 12, B. fossi, paratype female, Vietnam, Quang Ngai prov. (NHM).

FIGURES 22 – 24. Barsine spp.: male genitalia. 22, B. fossi, holotype, Vietnam, Quang Ngai prov., slide AV 1643 m Volynkin; 23, B. striata, China, Zhejiang, slide AV 1864 m Volynkin; 24, B. gratiosa, S India, Nilgiri Hills, slide BMNH (E) Arct- 6493 m Volynkin (© NHM).

FIGURES 27 – 32. Barsine spp.: female genitalia. 27, B. obsoleta, China, Zhejiang, slide AV 1835 f Volynkin; 28, B. callorufa, paratype, Taiwan, slide TFRI 145713 (photo by Sh. Wu); 29, B. fossi, paratype, Vietnam, Quang Ngai prov., slide AV 2284 f Volynkin; 30, B. striata, Russian Far East, Khabarovsk terr., slide AV 1781 f Volynkin; 31, B. mactans, E India, Darjeeling, slide AV 1995 f Volynkin; 32, B. gratiosa, S India, Nilgiri Hills, slide BMNH (E) Arct- 6494 f Volynkin (© NHM).

FIGURES 13 – 18. Barsine spp.: adults. 13, B. gratiosa, male, S India, Nilgiri Hills (© NHM); 14, B. gratiosa, female, S India, Mahableshwar (© NHM); 15, B. mactans, male, E India, Sikkim (ZFMK); 16, B. perlucidula, holotype male, Malay Peninsula, Cameron Highlands (MWM / ZSM); 17, B. striata, male, Russian Far East, Khabarovsk terr. (SZMN); 18, B. striata, female, Russian Far East, Khabarovsk terr. (SZMN).

FIGURES 25 – 26. Barsine spp.: male genitalia. 25, B. mactans, E India, Sikkim, slide AV 1994 m Volynkin; 26, B. perlucidula, holotype, Malay Peninsula, Cameron Highlands, slide Mal 193 (photo by K. Bucsek).

FIGURES 19 – 21. Barsine spp.: male genitalia. 19, B. obsoleta, neotype, China, Zhejiang, slide AV 1834 m Volynkin; 20, B. callorufa, Taiwan, slide AV 2214 m Volynkin; 21, B. callorufa, holotype, Taiwan, slide TFRI 146149 (photo by Sh. Wu).