Synema guiyang Zhang, Zhang, Deng, Lu & Yu, 2022

Zhang, Jianshuang, Zhang, Wanling, Deng, Langju, Lu, Qianle & Yu, Hao, 2022, Synema guiyang sp. nov., the fourth endemic species of Synema Simon, 1864 (Araneae, Thomisidae) from China, Biodiversity Data Journal 10, pp. 85072-85072 : 85072

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e85072

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C6B1095B-09B1-49B8-A557-0944203D1A02

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB6AFCEC-3FC5-5F68-A0A0-CFB80E085396

treatment provided by

Biodiversity Data Journal by Pensoft

scientific name

Synema guiyang Zhang, Zhang, Deng, Lu & Yu
status

sp. n.

Synema guiyang Zhang, Zhang, Deng, Lu & Yu sp. n.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Hao Yu; individualID: YHTHO002; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; behavior: foraging; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); associatedSequences: GenBank: ON435709 View Materials ; Taxon: order: Araneae; family: Thomisidae; genus: Synema; specificEpithet: guiyang; scientificNameAuthorship: J. Zhang, Q. Lu & H. Yu,; Location: continent: Asia; country: China; countryCode: CHN; stateProvince: Guizhou; county: Guiyang City; locality: Guiyang Forest Park ; decimalLatitude: 26.55540319; decimalLongitude: 106.75898910; Identification: identifiedBy: Hao Yu; dateIdentified: 2021-11; Event: samplingProtocol: by hand; samplingEffort: 10 km by foot; year: 2021; month: 8; day: 10; Record Level: institutionID: MGEU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Hao Yu; individualID: YHTHO003; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; behavior: foraging; preparations: whole animal (ETOH); associatedSequences: GenBank: ON435708 View Materials ; Taxon: order: Araneae; family: Thomisidae; genus: Synema; specificEpithet: guiyang; scientificNameAuthorship: J. Zhang, Q. Lu & H. Yu,; Location: continent: Asia; country: China; countryCode: CHN; stateProvince: Guizhou; county: Guiyang City; locality: Guiyang Forest Park ; decimalLatitude: 26.55540319; decimalLongitude: 106.75898910; Identification: identifiedBy: Hao Yu; dateIdentified: 2021-11; Event: samplingProtocol: by hand; samplingEffort: 10 km by foot; year: 2021; month: 8; day: 10; Record Level: institutionID: MGEU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen GoogleMaps GoogleMaps GoogleMaps GoogleMaps

Description

Male (holotype) (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 E and Fig. 4 View Figure 4 A-C). Total length 3.68; carapace 1.69 long, 1.59 wide; abdomen 1.99 long, 1.33 wide.

Carapace (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 E and Fig. 4 View Figure 4 A, C) yellowish-brown, sides brown, a pair of coffee-coloured paramedian stripes starting from behind PME and PLE, almost reaching the posterior margin. In dorsal view, anterior eye row (AER) slightly recurved, posterior eye row (PER) distinctly recurved, PER nearly as wide as AER. Eye sizes and interdistances: anterior median eyes (AME) 0.08, anterior lateral eyes (ALE) 0.15, posterior median eyes (PME) 0.07, posterior lateral eyes (PLE) 0.11; distance between AMEs (AME-AME) 0.16, distance between AME and ALE (AME-ALE) 0.14, distance between PMEs (PME-PME) 0.20, distance between PME and PLE (PME-PLE) 0.34. Length of median ocular quadrangle (MOQ) 0.37, MOQ anterior width 0.31, MOQ posterior width 0.32. Clypeal height 0.18. Chelicerae yellowish-brown, both margins with one tooth. Labium and endites coloured as chelicerae, endites depressed posteriorly, slightly convergent anteriorly, with dense scopulae on anterior margin; labium nearly hexagona, anterior margin with sparse setae. Sternum yellow, more or less cordiform, 0.86 long, 0.77 wide.

Abdomen (Fig. 4 View Figure 4 A-C) elongate-oval in dorsal view, tapering posteriorly, almost flat in profile, shield-shaped. Dorsum centrally with several pairs of grey spots; lateral with five pairs of white spots and with fuzzy pattern represented by numerous horizontal stripes or blotches; venter yellow, without distinct pattern; spinnerets brown.

Legs basically yellowish-brown (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 E), all legs with inconspicuous dark brown annuli in the distal parts of femur, patella, tibia and entire metatarsus. Leg length: I 9.29 (2.59, 3.22, 2.37, 1.11), II 9.22 (2.64, 3.22, 2.27, 1.09), III 4.33 (1.33, 1.61, 0.88, 0.51), IV 4.88 (1.31, 1.70, 0.94, 0.53).

Palp (Fig. 2 View Figure 2 A-D). Tibia relatively long, more than 1/2 of cymbium length, with three apophyses: a thick, thumb-shaped ventral one (VTA), ca. 1/3 of palpal tibia length; a distinctly small intermediate apophysis (ITA), triangular or dentiform in prolateral view, nearly invisible in ventral view, ~ 1/3 VTA length; and a relatively thin, spiny retrolateral apophysis (RTA). Tegulum circular and relatively flat, anterior part with numerous scale-like furcella; sperm duct (SD) distinct, forming a loop along tegular margin. Embolus (E) filiform, spiralled along tegular margin, but separated from tegulum; embolar base (EB) situated posterior margin of the tegulum (ca. 6 o’clock position), embolar tip (ET) terminated at the retrolateral flank (ca. 3 o’clock position).

Female (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 F and Fig. 4 View Figure 4 D-F). Total length 3.69; carapace 1.61 long, 1.53 wide; abdomen 2.08 long, 1.86 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.14, PME 0.06, PLE 0.10; AME-AME 0.18, AME-ALE 0.17, PME-PME 0.23, PME-PLE 0.36. MOQL 0.37, MOQA 0.32, MOQP 0.35. Sternum 0.79 long, 0.75 wide. Measurements of legs: I 6.04 (1.57, 1.77, 1.22, 0.74), II 7.50 (2.02, 2.50, 1.48, 0.75), III 3.45 (0.93, 1.09, 0.61, 0.41), IV - (1.04, 0.69, -, -). General characters as in male, but slightly larger in size and lighter in colour.

Epigyne (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 A-D). Epigynal plate distinctly wider than long, anterior and lateral margin not delimited, posterior margin rebordered; the arrangement of the various parts of the vulva are clearly visible through the tegument in ventral view. Epigynal plate with an atrium (A) and a hood (H). Atrium large and nearly crescent-shaped, anteriorly located, anterior margin with a triangular membrane (AM), posterior margin distinctly procurved. Hood bell-shaped, located at central portion of epigynal plate, its anterior margin overpasses the posterior margin of atrium. Copulatory openings (CO) indistinct, located antero-laterally to atrial borders, leading to parallel copulatory ducts (CD) directed posteriorly and then running transversely to connect with centrally located spermathecae (SP). Copulatory ducts sac-shaped, strongly twisted with several clearly visible constrictions, forming 3 ~ 4 balloon-shaped structures. Spermathecae distinctly small, papilliform or globular, located on the both sides of the hood, separated by about two diameters. Fertilisation ducts (FD) short and curved, acicular, located on dorsal surface of spermathecae.

DNAbarcode: 5'TATTTGGAGCTTGATCTGCTATAGTAGGGACAGCTATAAGAGTGTTAATTCGTATGGAATTAGGA AGATCTGGAAGATTATTAGGAAATGATCATCTTTATAATGTAATTGTTACCGCTCATGCTTTTGTTATGATTTTTTTTATA GTAATACCTATTTTAATTGGGGGTTTTGGAAATTGATTAGTACCTTTAATGTTAGGGGCTCCTGATATATCTTTCCCTCG GATGAATAATTTATCTTTTTGATTATTACCCCCTTCATTATTTTTATTATTTATATCTTCTATAGTAGAGGTAGGTGTAGGG GCAGGATGAACTGTTTATCCTCCTTTAGCTTCTAGAGTTGGGCATATAGGAGGATCTATAGATTTTGCTATTTTTTCTTT ACATTTAGCTGGAGCTTCTTCTATTATAGGAGCGGTTAATTTTATTTCTACTATTATTAATATACGAACTAGAGGTATAAG AATAGAAAAGGTTCCTTTGTTTGTATGATCTGTATTAATTACAGCTATTTTACTTCTTTTGTCTTTACCTGTATTAGCAGG TGCTATTACTATATTATTAACTGATCGTAATTTTAACACTTCTTTTTTTGATCCTGCAGGGGGAGGGGATCCAATTTTATT TCAACATTTGTTTTGATTTTT3' (holotype, YHTHO002; GenBank: ON435709).

DNAbarcode: 5'TATTTGGAGCTTGATCTGCTATAGTAGGGACGGCTATAAGAGTGTTAATTCGTATGGAATTAGGA AGATCTGGAAGATTATTAGGAAATGATCATCTTTATAATGTAATTGTTACCGCTCATGCTTTTGTCATGATTTTTTTTATA GTAATACCTATTTTAATTGGGGGTTTTGGAAATTGATTAGTACCTTTAATGTTAGGGGCTCCTGATATATCTTTCCCTCG GATAAATAATTTATCTTTTTGATTATTACCCCCTTCATTATTTTTACTATTTATATCTTCTATAGTAGAGGTAGGTGTGGGG GCAGGATGAACTGTTTATCCTCCTCTAGCTTCTAGAGTTGGGCATATAGGAGGATCTATAGATTTTGCTATTTTTTCTTT ACATTTAGCTGGGGCTTCTTCTATTATAGGGGCGGTTAATTTTATTTCTACTATTATTAATATACGAACTAGAGGTATAAG AATAGAAAAGGTTCCTTTGTTTGTATGATCTGTATTAATTACAGCTATTTTACTTCTTTTGTCTTTACCTGTATTAGCAGG TGCTATTACTATATTATTAACTGATCGTAATTTTAACACTTCTTTTTTTGATCCTGCAGGGGGAGGGGATCCAATTTTATT TCAACATTTGTTTTGATTTTT3' (paratype, YHTHO003; GenBank: ON435708).

Diagnosis

The new species resembles S. albomaculatum and S. chikunii in having the similar habitus (abdomen dorsally with characteristic spots) (cf. Fig. 4 View Figure 4 A, D and Ono 2001: 230, figs. 65 and 69, Ono 1983: 60, figs. 1-3) and by the general shape of copulatory organs (filiform embolus spiralled along tegular margin, VTA thumb-shaped in males; copulatory duct sac-shaped with several clearly visible constrictions, spermathecae relatively small in females) (cf. Fig. 2 View Figure 2 A, D and Fig. 3 View Figure 3 B, D and Ono 2001: 230, figs. 66, 67, 71, Ono 1983: 60, figs. 4, 5, 7). S. guiyang sp. nov. can be distinguished from S. albomaculatum and S. chikunii by the following characters: for the males, embolus apically not curved, ITA distinctly smaller than RTA, apex of RTA relatively blunt and not bifurcate (Fig. 2 View Figure 2 A, B, D) (vs. embolus apically slightly curved; ITA absent, RTA apically sharp in S. albomaculatum , as in Ono 2001: 230, figs. 66-68; ITA slightly shorter than RTA, RTA apically bifurcate in S. chikunii , as in Ono 1983: 60, figs. 4, 5); for the females, epigyne plate with a large atrium, bell-shaped hood about 1/5 epigyne width (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 A, D) (vs. atrium absent, transverse band-shaped hood nearly as wide as epigynal plate, as in Ono 2001: 230, fig. 70 and Ono 1983: 60, fig. 6).

Etymology

The species name is derived from the name of the type locality; noun in apposition.

Distribution

Known from the Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China (Fig. 1 View Figure 1 ).

Biology

Synema guiyang sp. nov. is a typical leaf-dwelling spider. The types were obtained from foliage in woods in the core zone of Guiyang Forest Park.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Thomisidae

Genus

Synema