Carulaspis juniperi (Bouche, 1851)

Suh, Soo-Jung & Evans, Gregory A., 2016, A new record of the armored scale genus Carulaspis MacGillivray (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) from Korea and its aphelinid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Insecta Mundi 2016 (466), pp. 1-6 : 2-3

Carulaspis juniperi (Bouch é, 1851)

Aspidiotus juniperi Bouché, 1851 [ Germany: on Juniperus communis ].

Diagnosis. Field characters ( Fig. 1 ): Adult female cover convex, circular, white; shed skins central, yellow. Male cover elongate, parallel sided, felted, with 3 longitudinal ridges, white; shed skin marginal yellow. Slide-mounted characters ( Fig. 2–5 ): Adult female with two pairs of well-developed lobes, lobes 3 and 4 represented by sclerotized raised area; paraphyses absent; median lobes separated by space about 0.6 times width of median lobes, without sclerotized area anterior of lobe, without yoke, medial margin parallel or slightly divergent apically; lobe 2 bilobate, about same size or slightly larger than median lobes; with two gland spines between median lobes, about same length as median lobes; macroducts of two sizes, larger size in marginal areas of abdominal segments 5 to 8; smaller size in submarginal and submedial areas of abdominal segments 1 to 5; with macroduct between median lobes, with about 13 on each side of pygidium on abdominal segments 5 to 8; ducts in submarginal and submedial areas, with a total of 72 macroducts on each side of body; perivulvar pores in five groups; anterior spiracle with 2 pores, posterior spiracle without pores; adult female broadly pyriform; antennae each with one seta.

Material examined. Korea. Chungcheongnamdo ( CN): 187, Cheollipo 1-gil, Sowon-myeon, Taean-gun (36º48 ′ 03.25 ″ N / 126º09 ′ 08.64 ″ E), 16 females, 3 males, on Thuja occidentalis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 22-vii- 2015 (S.J. Suh).

Hosts. Found on conifers of the following host genera: Callitris Vent. , Calocedrus Kurz, Chamaecyparis Spach , Cryptomeria (L.f.) D.Don, Cupressocyparis A. B. Jacks. and Dallim. , Cupressus L., Juniperus L., Libocedrus Endl. , Picea Mill. , Pinus L., Platycladus Spach , Sequoia Endl. , Sequoiadendron J.Buchholz , Taxodium Rich. , Taxus L., Thuja L. ( Ben-Dov et al. 2015).

Distribution. Australasian: Australia, New Zealand. Nearctic: Canada, USA. Neotropical: Argentina, Brazil, Chile. Palaearctic: Algeria, Austria, Azores, Bulgaria, Canary Islands, Croatia, Czechoslovakia, Egypt, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Madeira Islands, Malta, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Sicily, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia. ( Ben-Dov et al. 2015), Korea *.

Biology. The juniper scale has one generation per year. Mated adult females overwinter and begin laying eggs in March in warm areas to May in cooler regions ( Miller and Davidson 2005).

Economic Importance. Heavy juniper scale infestations cause foliage to turn yellow, however, it is not a pest and seems to prefer the cooler parts of USA ( Gill 1997; Miller and Davidson 2005). In Korea, it has a restricted host range occurring on conifers and on white cedar [ Thuja occidentalis L. ( Cupressaceae )], a tree commonly planted for landscaping and fence trees. We did not observe this scale to be causing serious damage to the white cedar during the survey.

Figures

Figures 1–9. Carulaspis juniperi (Bouché) and four species of aphelinids. 1–5, Carulaspis juniperi (Bouché); 1, habitus, 2, female, 3, anterior and posterior spiracles, 4, perivulvar pores, 5, pygidium. 6, Aphytis japonicus DeBach and Azim, female. 7, Encarsia citrina (Craw), female. 8, Encarsia explorata (Silvestri), female. 9, Encarsia sp. nr. perniciosi (Tower), female.