Krenakia S.M.Costa

Costa, Suzana M., Vitta, Fabio A., Thomas, William W., Muasya, A. Muthama, Morokawa, Rosemeri, Bittrich, Volker, Shepherd, George J. & Do Amaral, Maria Do Carmo E., 2021, An updated generic circumscription for Cryptangieae (Cyperaceae, Poales) based on a molecular phylogeny and a morphological character reconstruction, Phytotaxa 483 (3), pp. 211-228 : 225-226

Krenakia S.M.Costa , nom. nov.

Type species: Krenakia polyphylla (Nees) S.M.Costa , lectotype designated by Koyama & Maguire (1965).

Acrocarpus Nees , Flora Brasiliensis (Martius) 2(1): 157 (1842), nom. illeg., non Wight ex Arn. (1838) (Leguminosae)

Lagenocarpus section Acrocarpus T.Koyama, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 50 (1965). Based on Acrocarpus Nees.

Etymology:—The replacement name is proposed in honor of the indigenous ethnicity that lives nearby the Serra do Cipó National Park (an important protected area of c ampos rupestres in the Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil), in the “ Terra Indígena Fazenda Guarani ”, the Krenák people. The obstacles faced by the Krenák, as by many other indigenous ethnicity descendants, are troublesome and include culture devaluation, low access to education and health services, land disputes, among others.

Monoecious herbs, with short creeping rhizome; caudex absent. Leaf blades reduced to sheaths. Inflorescence terminal, panicle-like. Involucral bracts leaf-like, with linear- lanceolate to lanceolate blades. Paracladia monomorphic, male and female spikelets in separate or mixed paracladia; female spikelets mostly at the apical portion and male ones basal. Male spikelets (3)5–11(22) flowered; stamens 2 per flower. Female spikelets 1–5 flowered, 3–7 glumes; stigmas 3. Glumes spirally or sub-distichally arranged. Fruit (nutlet) stipitate, elliptic, obovoid or obtrullate, conspicuously trigonous with sharp ridges, sometimes winged and with ornamented surface and inconspicuous cavities at the base; hypogynous scales reduced, glabrous; beak short conical and glabrous, persistent.

The genus occurs in Brazil and is especially species rich in the campos rupestres (SE Brazil), with two cases of disjunction, one in the Venezuelan highlands and one in the Caribbean ( Cuba). Its species are found on mountain top habitats, mainly in open or riparian vegetation on nutrient poor soils. Total number of species: 10.

The genus comprises species of Acrocarpus Nees (Flora Brasiliensis (Martius) 2(1): 157, 1842—illegitimate name). As the name is illegitimate due to the existence of a homonymous legume genus described five years earlier: Acrocarpus Wight ex Arn., Magazine of Zoology and Botany 2: 547 (1838), we propose a new name for it: Krenakia S.M.Costa ; as detailed above.

1. Krenakia claussenii (C.B.Clarke) S.M.Costa , comb. nov.

Basionym: Cryptangium claussenii C.B.Clarke, Bull. Misc. Inform, Addit. Ser. 8: 65 (1908).

2. Krenakia comata (Boeckeler) S.M.Costa , comb. nov.

Basionym: Cryptangium comatum Boeckeler , Flora 65: 351 (1882).

3. Krenakia cubensis (Kükenthal) S.M.Costa , comb. nov.

Basionym: Lagenocarpus cubensis Kükenthal, Repert. Sp. Nov.Regni Veg. 23:219 (1926).

4. Krenakia humile (Nees) S.M.Costa , comb. nov.

Basionym: Acrocarpus humilis Nees , Flora Brasiliensis (Martius) 2(1): 161 (1842).

5. Krenakia junciforme (Kunth) S.M.Costa , comb. nov.

Basionym: Scleria junciforme Kunth, Enum. Pl. 2: 56 (1837).

6. Krenakia minarum (Nees) S.M.Costa , comb. nov.

Basionym: Acrocarpus minarum Nees , Flora Brasiliensis (Martius) 2(1): 159 (1842).

7. Krenakia polyphylla (Nees) S.M.Costa , comb. nov.

Basionym: Acrocarpus polyphyllus Nees , Flora Brasiliensis (Martius) 2(1): 160 (1842).

8. Krenakia subaphylla (T.Koyama) S.M.Costa , comb. nov.

Basionym: Lagenocarpus subaphyllus T.Koyama , Brittonia 24(3): 279 (1972).

9. Krenakia triquetra (Boeckeler) S.M.Costa , comb. nov.

Basionym: Cryptangium triquetrum Boeckeler, Linnaea 38: 413 (1874).

10. Krenakia venezuelensis (Davidse) S.M.Costa , comb. nov

Basionym: Lagenocarpus venezuelensis Davidse, Novon 3: 244 (1993), replacement name for amazonicus Davidse, Novon 2: 319 (1992), non L. amazonicus (C.B.Clarke) H. Pfeiff., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 35 (1925).