Lagenocarpus Nees, Linnaea

Costa, Suzana M., Vitta, Fabio A., Thomas, William W., Muasya, A. Muthama, Morokawa, Rosemeri, Bittrich, Volker, Shepherd, George J. & Do Amaral, Maria Do Carmo E., 2021, An updated generic circumscription for Cryptangieae (Cyperaceae, Poales) based on a molecular phylogeny and a morphological character reconstruction, Phytotaxa 483 (3), pp. 211-228 : 226

Lagenocarpus Nees, Linnaea 9: 304 (1834).

Type species: Lagenocarpus guianensis Nees

Anogyna Nees, Hooker Journ. Bot. 2: 395 (1840).

Adamantogeton Schrad. ex Nees , Flora Brasiliensis (Martius) 2(1): 165 (1842), nom. inval. (pro syn.).

Orobium Schrad. ex Nees , Flora Brasiliensis(Martius) 2(1): 165 (1842), nom. inval. (pro syn.).

Phaenopyrum Schrad. ex Nees , Flora Brasiliensis(Martius) 2(1): 166 (1842), nom. inval. (pro syn.).

Microlepis Schrad. ex Nees , Flora Brasiliensis (Martius) 2(1): 167 (1842), nom. inval. (pro syn.).

Lerisca Schltdl. Bot. Zeit. 3: 476 (1845).

Monoecious, rarely dioecious herbs, with short or long creeping rhizome, rarely with caudex. Leaf blades developed, linear-lanceolate, glabrous to densely pubescent; leaf sheaths shreading to form a net-like tunic. Inflorescence terminal, solitary, panicle-like. Involucral bracts leaf-like, with linear-lanceolate to lanceolate blades. Paracladia mostly dimorphic: male and female spikelets mostly at separate paracladia; female spikelets mostly in apical paracladia. Male spikelets (3)4–7 flowered; stamens 1, rarely 2 or 4–5 per flower. Female spikelets 1 flowered, (4)5–6(7) glumes; stigmas 3 (rarely 4–5). Glumes spirally or sub-distichally arranged. Fruit (nutlet) sessile, ovoid or less frequently ellipsoid, obscurely trigonous with inconspicuous ridges or trisulcate, glabrous or rarely pubescent, surface generally irregularly rugose at maturity or after dry, main body continuous to the beak; hypogynous scales reduced or welldeveloped (in L. guianensis subsp. hypocrateus ), mostly with glabrous or with sparsely ciliate margins, rarely densely pubescent at surface and margin; beak short conical or pyramidal, glabrous (rarely pubescent), persistent.

Lagenocarpus occurs from Caribbean to southern South America (Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil), in different non-Andean biomes but mainly in soils with low nutrient availability, like sandy, rocky or waterlogged soils. Total number of species: 15.

1. Lagenocarpus adamantinus Nees, F lora Brasiliensis 2(1): 165 (1842).

2. Lagenocarpus albo-niger (A.St.-Hil.) C.B.Clarke, Bull. Misc. Inform., Addit. Ser. 8: 64 (1908).

3. Lagenocarpus bracteosus C.B.Clarke, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 2: 145 (1906).

4. Lagenocarpus celiae T.Koyama & Maguire, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 12(3): 46 (1965).

5. Lagenocarpus eriopodus T.Koyama & Maguire, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 12(3): 47 (1965).

6. Lagenocarpus glomerulatus Gilly, Fieldiana Bot. 28(1): 57 (1951).

7. Lagenocarpus griseus (Boeckeler) H. Pfeiff. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 39: 131 (1921).

8. Lagenocarpus guianensis Nees, Linnaea 9: 304 (1834).

9. Lagenocarpus inversus C.B.Clarke, Kew Bull. Addit. Ser. 8: 64 (1908).

10. Lagenocarpus lanatus (T.Koyama & Maguire) T.Koyama, Makinoa New Series 4:39-40 (2003).

11. Lagenocarpus pendulus T.Koyama, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 12: 44 (1965).

12. Lagenocarpus rigidus (Kunth) Nees , Flora Brasiliensis (Martius) 2(1): 167 (1842).

13. Lagenocarpus sabanensis Gilly, Fieldiana Bot. 28(1): 57 (1951).

14. Lagenocarpus tenuifolius (Boeckeler) C. B. Clarke, Kew Bull. Addit. Ser. 8: 64 (1908).

15. Lagenocarpus velutinus Nees , Flora Brasiliensis (Martius) 2(1): 166 (1842).