Stachyotropha punctifera Stal , 1871

Okuda, Kyosuke & Chen, Zhuo, 2023, A new synonym of a species of Stachyotropha Stal, 1871, a genus of Asian Stenopodainae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Reduviidae), Biodiversity Data Journal 11, pp. 102977-102977 : 102977

Stachyotropha punctifera Stal, 1871

Stachyotropha punctifera Stål,1871 - Stål (1871): 698 (original description); Stål (1874): 85 (catalogue, distribution); Lethierry and Severin (1896): 81 (catalogue, distribution); China (1940): 251 (listed); Hoffmann (1944): 5 (catalogue, distribution); Hsiao and Ren (1981): 465 (listeda); Maldonado Capriles (1990): 540 (catalogue, distribution); Putshkov and Putshkov (1996): 223 (catalogue, distribution); Hua (2000): 211 (listed, distribution). Syntypes (2♂): Philippines, NHRS.

Stachyotropha miyamotoi Hidaka and Miller, 1959 - Hidaka and Miller (1959): 136 (original description); Azuma and Kinjo (1987): 36 (catalogue, distribution); Miyamoto and Yasunaga (1989): 170 (listed, distribution); Maldonado Capriles (1990): 540 (catalogue, distribution); Yasunaga et al. (1993): 172 (re-description, distribution, bionomics, photo); Ministry of the Environment Government of Japan (1995): 151 (catalogue); Putshkov and Putshkov (1996): 223 (catalogue, distribution); Koike (1996): 14 (record); Hayashi (2002): 139 (listed); Ishikawa (2005): 30 (photo); Ishikawa and Miyamoto (2012): 284 (distribution, bionomics, photo); Ishikawa (2016): 450 (catalogue, distribution). Holotype (♂): Japan, the Ryukyus, Okinawa Is., ELKU. New Synonym.

Materials

Type status: Syntype. Occurrence : sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 657FC444-4FA0-54BC-B30A-9C068BF3ACC8; Taxon : kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Arthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Hemiptera ; family: Reduviidae ; genus: Stachyotropha ; specificEpithet: punctifera; Location : country: Philippines; Identification : identifiedBy: Stål; dateIdentified: 1871; Record Level: institutionID: NHRS; collectionID: GULI-000007698 Type status: Syntype. Occurrence : sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 59815025-84F7-555F-B05F-B503CD92B13D; Taxon : kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Arthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Hemiptera ; family: Reduviidae ; genus: Stachyotropha ; specificEpithet: punctifera; Location : country: Philippines; Identification : identifiedBy: Stål; dateIdentified: 1871; Record Level: institutionID: NHRS; collectionID: GULI-000001771 Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: recordedBy: T. Takara; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: EC4BBBE8-37FC-595F-B281-6892D628B490; Taxon: kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hemiptera; family: Reduviidae; genus: Stachyotropha; specificEpithet: miyamotoi; Location: islandGroup: The Ryukyus; island: Okinawa Is.; country: Japan; stateProvince: Okinawa; Event: year: 1955; month: 8; day: 1; Record Level: institutionID: ELKU Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Reo Ito; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 9F6A721F-EFCF-5824-AB06-8111C3026854; Taxon: kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hemiptera; family: Reduviidae; genus: Stachyotropha; specificEpithet: punctifera; Location: islandGroup: The Ryukyus; island: Kakeroma Is.; country: Japan; stateProvince: Kagoshima; county: Ôshima-gun; municipality: Setouchi-chô; locality: Doren ; Identification: identifiedBy: Kyosuke Okuda; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: year: 2022; month: 4; day: 30; Record Level: institutionID: PCKO Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Tadafumi Nakata; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 47F142CE-D5F9-5983-9904-E4F557CA874C; Taxon: kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hemiptera; family: Reduviidae; genus: Stachyotropha; specificEpithet: punctifera; Location: islandGroup: The Ryukyus; island: Ishigaki Is.; country: Japan; stateProvince: Okinawa; municipality: Ishigaki-shi; locality: Omoto ; Identification: identifiedBy: Kyosuke Okuda; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: year: 2003; month: 8; day: 1; Record Level: institutionID: PCKO Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Reo Ito; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 7AA635D6-C2EB-5EF3-9BE1-80AF4A8D7FCF; Taxon: kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hemiptera; family: Reduviidae; genus: Stachyotropha; specificEpithet: punctifera; Location: islandGroup: The Ryukyus; island: Ishigaki Is.; country: Japan; stateProvince: Okinawa; municipality: Ishigaki-shi; locality: Shiraho ; Identification: identifiedBy: Kyosuke Okuda; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: year: 2013; month: 10; day: 7; Record Level: institutionID: PCKO Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Kyosuke Okuda; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: EED80E3C-317A-57AD-A140-57F998577301; Taxon: kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hemiptera; family: Reduviidae; genus: Stachyotropha; specificEpithet: punctifera; Location: islandGroup: The Ryukyus; island: Ishigaki Is.; country: Japan; stateProvince: Okinawa; municipality: Ishigaki-shi; locality: Shiraho ; Identification: identifiedBy: Kyosuke Okuda; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: samplingProtocol: light trap; year: 2019; month: 4; day: 20; Record Level: institutionID: PCKO Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Tadashi Ishikawa; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 72C8F81A-B33A-5A12-AFA3-9929224A4FB2; Taxon: kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hemiptera; family: Reduviidae; genus: Stachyotropha; specificEpithet: punctifera; Location: islandGroup: The Ryukyus; island: Iriomote Is.; country: Japan; stateProvince: Okinawa; county: Yaeyama-gun; municipality: Taketomi-chô; locality: Shirahama-rindo ; Identification: identifiedBy: Kyosuke Okuda; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: year: 2003; month: 4; day: 3; Record Level: institutionCode: ELTUA Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Yukihiko Hirano; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 484306F2-0B40-5E1C-AD86-993A9DA1CD86; Taxon: kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hemiptera; family: Reduviidae; genus: Stachyotropha; specificEpithet: punctifera; Location: islandGroup: The Ryukyus; island: Iriomote Is.; country: Japan; stateProvince: Okinawa; county: Yaeyama-gun; municipality: Taketomi-chô; locality: Takana ; Identification: identifiedBy: Kyosuke Okuda; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: year: 2004; month: 4; day: 19; Record Level: institutionID: KPMNH Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Kyohei Watanabe; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: BBDBC5DF-8BBE-50BA-925D-AA37C6684A03; Taxon: kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hemiptera; family: Reduviidae; genus: Stachyotropha; specificEpithet: punctifera; Location: islandGroup: The Ryukyus; island: Iriomote Is.; country: Japan; stateProvince: Okinawa; county: Yaeyama-gun; municipality: Taketomi-chô; locality: Ootomi,Haiminaka ; Identification: identifiedBy: Kyosuke Okuda; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: samplingProtocol: light trap; year: 2014; month: 5; day: 15; Record Level: institutionCode: KPMNH Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Tomoya Saeki; individualCount: 4; sex: 2males, 2females; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: DAE1EC1C-EB63-59AC-B3D0-0CC040EB4A66; Taxon: kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hemiptera; family: Reduviidae; genus: Stachyotropha; specificEpithet: punctifera; Location: islandGroup: The Ryukyus; island: Iriomote Is.; country: Japan; stateProvince: Okinawa; county: Yaeyama-gun; municipality: Taketomi-chô; locality: Takana ; Identification: identifiedBy: Kyosuke Okuda; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: samplingProtocol: light trap; year: 2022; month: 5; day: 14; Record Level: institutionCode: PCKO Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Chikun Yang; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 6D1E6D6D-B155-5F9F-B225-8A5A52BB2A8D; Taxon : kingdom: Animalia ; phylum: Arthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Hemiptera ; family: Reduviidae ; genus: Stachyotropha ; specificEpithet: punctifera; Location : country: China; stateProvince: Guangxi; county: Guilin ; municipality: Yanshan District ; Identification : identifiedBy: Kyosuke Okuda and Zhuo Chen ; dateIdentified: 2022; Event : year: 1963; month: 5; day: 29; Record Level : institutionID: CAU; collectionID: RE-0001049 Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: K. Souma; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: ACC8DEF0-4674-5D4B-A5C5-297CE5FC957B; Taxon: kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Hemiptera; family: Reduviidae; genus: Stachyotropha; specificEpithet: punctifera; Location: island: Mindanao Is.; country: Philippines; stateProvince: Davao (Near CALINAN); Identification: identifiedBy: Kyosuke Okuda; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: year: 1970; month: 6; day: 20; Record Level: institutionID: ELTUA

Description

Redescription

Macropterous male. Colouration: General colour pale yellowish-brown (Fig. 1 ); body matte, covered with whitish pilose setae on head, thorax, abdomen and legs; setation on corium sparse; eyes and apex of scutellum black; third visible labial segment dark brown; vein of cubitus with blackish spot; connexiva of abdominal tergites III ~ VII with dark spot; abdominal sternites III ~ VII with one pair of longitudinal brownish markings; ventral surface of abdomen with sparse blackish spots.

Vestiture: Head, thorax, abdomen, legs and antennae densely covered with short setae. Scape with short decumbent setae, approximately less than 0.4 times as long as maximum width of scape; segment II ~ IV with long suberect setae, approximately 1.0 ~ 1.3 times as long as maximum width of each antennal segment. Femur with short setae, approximately less than 0.2 times as long as maximum width of femur; tibia with decumbent setae, approximately 0.5 times as long as maximum width of tibia; tarsus with decumbent setae, approximately as long as maximum width of tarsus.

Structure: male: Body medium-sized (16.00 mm), approximately 6.9 times longer than its maximum width (Fig. 1 A, B). Head (Fig. 2 A) approximately 1.7 times as long as width across eyes, approximately 0.8 times as long as pronotum; ante-ocular portion approximately 1.2 times as long as postocular portion; postocular with dorsal longitional sulcate. Juga approximately 0.85 times as long as scape. Maxillary plates approximately half as long as scape. Scape approximately 0.35 times as long as head; ratio of antennal segments (I ~ IV) = 10.0: 19.3: 4.0: 6.7. First visible labial segment (Fig. 2 B) curved, extending to level of middle of eye; ratio of visible labial segments (I ~ III) = 10.0: 0.31: 0.20.

Pronotum 1.5 times as long as humeral width; anterior propleural spines thick, acute, curved upwards, shorter than eye width. Hemelytra reaching abdominal segment VII.

Profemur (Fig. 2 C, E) with lateral inner side armed three long spines and two pairs short spines; longest spine approximately 1.9 times as long as maximum width of profemur; shortest spines approximately 0.6 times as long as maximum width of profemur. Protibia (Fig. 2 D) armed with two pairs of lateral spines; longest spines approximately 3.0 times as long as maximum width of protibia; shortest spines approximately 0.8 times as long as maximum width of protibia.

Abdomen (Fig. 2 F) elongate, approximately 3.6 times as long as its maximum width; segment VII with obliquely angulately truncated inner side.

Male genitalia. Pygophore (Fig. 2 H, I) broadly rounded ventrally, ventral surface covered with short sparse setae; median process of pygophore (Fig. 2 J) equilateral triangle from dorsal view, weakly darkened. Paramere (Fig. 2 K) thick, apical portion broad, weakly curved, with short erect setae. Phallus (Fig. 2 L-N) elongate; dorsal phallothecal sclerite elongate, sclerotised ventrally; basal plate thin from posterior view, entire length approximately 0.6 times as long as dorsal phallothecal sclerite; phallosoma elongate, nearly cylindical; struts nearly straight, not reaching apex of dorsal phallothecal sclerite.

Macropterous female. Similar to male in general habitus (Fig. 1 C, D). Body (16.5 mm) approximately 4.7 times as long as than its maximum width. Abdomen (Fig. 2 G) approximately 3.2 times as long as its maximum width.

Distribution

China: Fujian, Guangxi; Japan: The Ryukyus (Kakeroma Island, Okinawa Island, Miyako Island, Ishigaki Island, Iriomote Island, Yonaguni Island); Philippines: Mindanao Island.

Biology

In Japan, almost all examined specimens were collected using light traps. This species was very rare everywhere. Ishikawa and Miyamoto (2012) have previously recorded the adults and nymphs (as S. miyamotoi ) collected from grasslands, where Poaceae and Cyperaceae were dominant. Additionally, adults also have known examples collected from an ankle-deep marshy area.

Figures

Figure 1. Stachyotropha punctifera: A, B male habitus (A: dorsal; B: ventral); C, D female habitus (C: dorsal; D: ventral); E-H apical segments of abdomen (E: male dorsal; F: male ventral; G: female dorsal; H: female ventral). Scale bars: 5 mm for A-D and 2 mm for E-H.

Figure 2. Stachyotropha punctifera: A, B head, male (A: dorsal; B: lateral); C proleg; D protibia, ventral; E profemur, ventral; F, G abdominal sternite VII, ventral (F: male; G: female); H, I pygophore (H: dorsal; I: lateral); J median process of pygophore, caudal; K paramere, in different views; L-N phallus (L: lateral; M: dorsal; N: expanded phallosoma dorsal view). Arrows in D, E indicate front direction. Scale bars: 1 mm for A-G, 0.5 mm for H-I and K-N and 0.25 mm for J. (Abbreviations: bp, basal plates; pd, pedicel; plb, phallobase; plt, phallotheca).