Pseudonannolene rosineii Iniesta & Ferreira 2014

Iniesta, Luiz Felipe Moretti & Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes, 2014, New species of Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895 from Brazilian limestone caves with comments on the potential distribution of the genus in South America (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae), Zootaxa 3846 (3), pp. 361-397 : 370-371

Pseudonannolene rosineii Iniesta & Ferreira 2014 , new species

( Figs. 7 , 14 e)

Material examined. Holotype: 1 male ( ISLA 4094) from Gruta Paranoá cave (20º21’57.13”S 45º40’11.15”W), Pains/MG, Brasil, 27/I/2009. Collected by R. Zampaulo.

Paratypes: 1 male ( ISLA 4095) from Gruta Ninfeta III cave (20º20’17.78”S 45º36’55.90”W), Pains/MG, Brasil, 25/I/2009. Collected by R. Zampaulo; 1 female ( ISLA 4121) from Gruta Ninfeta III cave (20º20’17.78”S 45º36’55.90”W), Pains/MG, Brasil, 25/I/2009. Collected by R. Zampaulo.

Etimology. The specific epithet is in honor to Rosinei de Oliveira, from the city of Pains. Rosinei has been actively contributing to increase knowledge of the subterranean fauna of the region Pains, which stands out on the national scene as a major hotspot of subterranean diversity.

Comparative diagnosis. Body and eyes pigmented. Labrum with 6 supralabral setae; 24 labral setae. Mandibles with 11 rows of pectinate lamellae. P. ro s i n e i i has the internal branch of the gonopod similar those observed in the species P. t a bo a, P. leopoldoi , P. ambuatinga ( Iniesta & Ferreira 2013b), P. s pe l ae a ( Iniesta & Ferreira 2013a), P. rolamossa , P. gogo ( Iniesta & Ferreira 2013c), P. chaimowiczi , P. imbirensis , P. tocaiensis ( Fontanetti 1996a) and P. microzoporus ( Mauriès 1987) . The squamous portion of the solenomere is bifurcated, as in P. taboa , P. leopoldoi , P. chaimowiczi , P. i m b i re ns i s, P. rolamossa , P. gogo , P. anapophysis ( Fontanetti 1996a) , P. strinatii ( Mauriès 1974) and P. tricolor ( Brölemann 1902) . The pre-femoral process is relatively larger than prefemur, as in P. taboa , P. rolamossa , P. gogo , P. ambuatinga , P. tocaiensis , P. mesai , P. leucocephalus , P. ophiulus , P. halophila , P. chaimowiczi e P. strinatii ( Fontanetti 2002; Iniesta & Ferreira 2013b; Iniesta & Ferreira 2013c).

Description of adults. Measurements: Length from 58 up to 68 mm; maximum midbody diameter between 3.96 to 4.48 mm; body rings ranging between 62 to 65; length of antennae ranging from 4.4 to 4.7 mm (relation to diameter ranging 1.04 to 1.11); length of legs 3.52 to 4 mm (relation to diameter ranging 0.88 to 0.89); length of tarsal claw 0.24 to 0.32 mm (relation to diameter ranging 0.06 to 0.07).

Color: Visualization after fixation in 70% alcohol. Bicolor, with the anterior region of each ring darker and posterior brownish yellow.

Head ( Fig. 7 a): Head glabrous and pigmented. Labrum with a row containing 24 labral setae, and above a row with 6 supralabral setae. Mandibles slightly pigmented, with 2 external teeth, 4 internal teeth and 11 rows of pectinate lamellae. Eyes with 27–30 ocelli arranged in 4 rows. Antennae pigmented and densely setose. First antennomere small, second, fourth, fifth and sixth similar, being the last larger. Third antennomere largest. Presence of basiconic sensilla in latter edge of fifth and sixth antennomere. Gnatochilarium typical of the genus.

Trunk: Body pigmented. Prozone dark and metazone brownish yellow. Lateral region of each ring with transverse striae. Telson, anal shield and anal valve pigmented.

First male pair of legs ( Fig. 7 b): Coxae (Cx) larger; densely setose; triangle-shaped. Prefemur (Prf) with shorter oral process parallel (P) to the coxae. P with bristles arranged on base and base width equal to the distal region.

Gonopod ( Fig. 7 c, d): Gonopod short, stout and sclerified. Coxae reduced; glabrous and adhered to basal region of gonopod. Basal section (Bs) with width little larger than half of length; basiconic bristles arranged in rows along the entire the base of gonopod. Shoulder (Sh) evident and rounded. Distal section (Ds) as long as wide and little smaller than half of length of Bs. Solenomere (S) trianguliform; distal region squamous, bifurcated, with an acute external tip and rounded internal with a seminal spine (Sp). Internal branch (Ib) starting right below the Sh line on Bs. Ib like a shield and bristles exceeding the S.

Notes on the natural history and habitat. The species is also distributed in caves in the region of Pains ( Fig. 15 a), though it was never recorded in sympatry with P. robsoni . However, P. ros i n ei i is less frequent, occurring in a few caves compared to P. robsoni . Their populations also tend to be small, which clearly demonstrates that populations of P. rosineii and P. robsoni also occur outside of caves, wherein the caves do not necessarily make up their main habitats. The caves where populations of P. ro s i n e i i were observed are small and generally dry, the main organic resource being guano of Desmodus rotundus .

Figures

FIGURE 7. Pseudonannolene rosineii sp. n. (holotype, ISLA 4094): a) Anterior region; b) Pre-femoral process; c) Caudal view of gonopod; d) Oral view of gonopod. Scale bar: a) 2 mm; b) 500 µm; c) 500 µm; d) 500 µm.

FIGURE 14. Live specimens: a) Pseudonannolene xavieri sp. n.; b) Pseudonannolene leopoldoi sp. n.; c) Pseudonannolene robsoni sp. n.; d) Pseudonannolene marconii sp. n.; e) Pseudonannolene rosineii sp. n.; f) Pseudonannolene caatinga sp. n.; g) Pseudonannolene taboa sp. n.; h) Pseudonannolene fontanettiae sp. n.

FIGURE 15. Caves where the specimens were found: a) Paranoá cave (P. rosineii sp. n.); b) Rei do Mato cave (P. erikae sp. n. and P. longisima sp. n.); c) Lapa do Zu cave (P. leopoldoi sp. n.); d) Casa da Pedra cave (P. fontanettiae sp. n.); e) Taboa cave (P. taboa sp. n.); f) Milagrosa cave P. marconii sp. n.); g) Toca dos Ossos cave (P. caatinga sp. n.); h) Lapa do Baio cave (P. xavieri sp. n.); i) Brega cave (P. robsoni sp. n.).