Pseudonannolene fontanettiae Iniesta & Ferreira 2014

Iniesta, Luiz Felipe Moretti & Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes, 2014, New species of Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895 from Brazilian limestone caves with comments on the potential distribution of the genus in South America (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae), Zootaxa 3846 (3), pp. 361-397 : 380-381

Pseudonannolene fontanettiae Iniesta & Ferreira 2014 , new species

( Fig. 13 , 14 h)

Material examined. Holotype: 1 male ( ISLA 5033) from Casa da Pedra cave (21º08’23.92”S 44º11’11.43”W), Tiradentes/MG, Brasil, 25/II/2014. Collected by R. L. Ferreira.

Paratypes: 1 male ( ISLA 5034) from Casa da Pedra cave (21º08’23.92”S 44º11’11.43”W), Tiradentes/MG, Brasil, 25/II/2014. Collected by R. L. Ferreira; 1 female ( ISLA 5035) from Casa da Pedra cave (21º08’23.92”S 44º11’11.43”W), Tiradentes/MG, Brasil, 25/II/2014. Collected by R. L. Ferreira

Etimology. The specific epithet is in honor to the biologist Carmen Silvia Fontanetti Christofoletti for her important contribution to our knowledge of the genus Pseudonannolene in Brazil.

Comparative diagnosis. Body and eyes pigmented. Labrum with 5–7 supralabral setae; 22 labral setae. Mandibles with 11 rows of pectinate lamellae (difficult to see). P. fontanettiae has the internal branch of the gonopod like a shield, as observed in the species P. caatinga , P. ros i n ei i, P. t a bo a, P. leopoldoi , P. longissima , P. ambuatinga ( Iniesta & Ferreira 2013b), P. s p e l a e a ( Iniesta & Ferreira 2013a), P. rolamossa , P. gogo ( Iniesta & Ferreira 2013c), P. chaimowiczi , P. imbirensis , P. tocaiensis ( Fontanetti 1996a; Fontanetti 1996b) and P. microzoporus ( Mauriès 1987) . As in the species P. robsoni , P. fontanettiae shows an apical projection on the internal branch, however shorter than in the former. The solenomere has a short squamous bifurcated region, with a seminal spine on the internal part of the apex, being similar to P. caatinga , P. ro s i n e i, P. t a bo a, P. leopoldoi , P. longissima , P. chaimowiczi , P. imbirensis , P. rolamossa , P. gogo , P. anapophysis ( Fontanetti 1996a) , P. strinatii ( Mauriès 1974) and P. tricolor ( Brölemann 1902) . The pre-femoral process is rounded and little lower positioned than the pre-femur, as found in innumerous species of the genus ( Fontanetti 2002).

Description of adults. Measurements: Length from 76–81 mm; maximum midbody diameter between 3.84 to 4.12 mm; 67 to 69 body rings; length of antennae ranging 4.86 to 4.96 mm (relation to diameter 1.2 to 1.26); length of legs 2.96 to 3.01 mm (relation to diameter 0.73 to 0.77); length of tarsal claw 0.17 to 0.20 mm (relation to diameter 0.04 to 0.05).

Color: Bicolor, with the anterior region of each ring darker and posterior whitish.

Head ( Fig. 13 a): Head glabrous and slightly pigmented. Region of labrum with three labral teeth; a row with 22 labral setae, and above a row with 5–7 supralabral setae. Mandibles slightly pigmented, with 2 external teeth, 4 internal teeth and 11 rows of pectinate lamellae. Eyes with 31 ocelli arranged in 4 rows. Antennae little pigmented and densely setose. First antennomere small, second, fourth, fifth and sixth similar, being the last larger. Third largest. Presence of basiconic sensilla in latter edge of fifth and sixth antennomere. Gnatochilarium typical of the genus.

Trunk: Body pigmented. Prozone dark and metazone whitish. Lateral region of each ring with transverse striae. Telson, anal shield and anal valve pigmented.

First male pair of legs ( Fig. 13 b): Coxae (Cx) triangle-shaped, larger than remaining legs, and densely setose. Prefemur (Prf) with a elongated and rounded process (P). Bristles arranged on base of P.

Gonopod ( Fig. 13 c, d): Gonopod short, stout and sclerified. Coxae reduced; glabrous and adhered to basal region of gonopod. Basal section (Bs) about 2 times longer than wide; basiconic bristles arranged in rows along the entire the base of gonopod. Shoulder (Sh) evident and rounded. Distal section (Ds) little wider than half of length and his length is similar to half of Bs. Solenomere (S) elongated; trunk elongated and glabrous. A little distal region squamous and bifurcated, with an acute external tip and rounded internal with a seminal spine (Sp). Internal branch (Ib) elongated, starting right below the Sh line on Bs. Ib like a shield of S; with bristles arranged on edge of Ib and presence of a swollen but short apical projection.

Notes on the natural history and habitat. The Casa da Pedra cave ( Fig. 15 d) has a considerable extension in comparison to other nearby caves. It has a labyrinthine aspect with multiple entrances. A large amount of organic matter, especially leaf litter, is carried in from outside. Another important organic resource found was guano produced by frugivorous bats. The cave has no drainage, being relatively dry. It is located within the area of a mining company, and is regularly visited by tourists. Hence, there are some impacts arising from this activity, such as graffiti and small wooden bridges installed in some conduits. The surrounding vegetation has been significantly modified, being associated mainly to the limestone outcrop.

Figures

FIGURE 13. Pseudonannolene fontanettiae sp. n. (holotype, ISLA 5033): a) Anterior region; b) Pre-femoral process; c) Caudal view of gonopod; d) Oral view of gonopod. Scale bar: a) 2 mm; b) 700 µm; c) 700 µm; d) 700 µm.

FIGURE 14. Live specimens: a) Pseudonannolene xavieri sp. n.; b) Pseudonannolene leopoldoi sp. n.; c) Pseudonannolene robsoni sp. n.; d) Pseudonannolene marconii sp. n.; e) Pseudonannolene rosineii sp. n.; f) Pseudonannolene caatinga sp. n.; g) Pseudonannolene taboa sp. n.; h) Pseudonannolene fontanettiae sp. n.

FIGURE 15. Caves where the specimens were found: a) Paranoá cave (P. rosineii sp. n.); b) Rei do Mato cave (P. erikae sp. n. and P. longisima sp. n.); c) Lapa do Zu cave (P. leopoldoi sp. n.); d) Casa da Pedra cave (P. fontanettiae sp. n.); e) Taboa cave (P. taboa sp. n.); f) Milagrosa cave P. marconii sp. n.); g) Toca dos Ossos cave (P. caatinga sp. n.); h) Lapa do Baio cave (P. xavieri sp. n.); i) Brega cave (P. robsoni sp. n.).