Nanophareus polyhastatus, Hara, Marcos Ryotaro, 2016

Hara, Marcos Ryotaro, 2016, Cladistic analysis and description of three new species of the Chilean genus Nanophareus (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae), Zootaxa 4105 (2), pp. 101-123 : 117-122

Nanophareus polyhastatus sp. nov.

( Figs 6 , 7 , 8 F–G, 9)

Type material. CHILE. VIII Región de Bio-Bío: El Abanico, 30.xii.1950, Ross & Michelbacher leg., ma holotype & 1 ma paratype (CASENT 9055043).

Diagnosis for males. Nanophareus polyhastatus sp. nov. resembles N. bipartitus by the unarmed frontal hump on the anterior margin of dorsal scutum, scutal area IV divided by a longitudinal median groove, and prolateral apical apophysis of coxa IV single. Can be distinguished from N. bipartitus by: ocularium domed and not widened (approximately ⅓ carapace width), scutal areas III–IV with a paramedian pair of enlarged tubercles, femur IV curved laterally and dorsoventrally. Can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the combination of the following characters: ocularium domed and not widened, scutal areas III–IV with a paramedian pair of enlarged tubercles, scutal area IV divided, prolateral apical apophysis of coxa IV with a falcate apex, trochanter IV with robust prolateral and retrolateral apophyses, and femur IV with dorsobasal and retrobasal apophyses besides 2–4 spines on the middle-subapical retrolateral face.

Etymology. From the Greek πολύς (polys), meaning many, and from Latin hastatus, meaning spear-shaped. In reference to the leg IV, which bears many spear-like apophyses.

Description. Male (holotype): Dorsum ( Fig. 6 A, C): Measurements: CL 1.50; CW 2.25; DSL 4.35; DSW 4.25; LI 7.60; LII 13.75; LIII 10.50; LIV 13.90. Anterior margin of carapace with granulate, unarmed frontal hump. Ocularium domed and not widened (approximately ⅓ carapace width), with sparse tubercles and 1 slightly enlarged paramedian pair of tubercles. Scutal areas I–IV with sparse tubercles; scutal areas I and IV divided in right and left halves; scutal areas III–IV each with 1 paramedian pair of enlarged tubercles. Body shape type gamma. Lateral margin of dorsal scutum with an external row of enlarged tubercles inserted amongst small ones, more densely distributed between scutal grooves II and III.

Venter ( Fig. 6 B): Coxae I–IV and stigmatic area tuberculate; coxa I with enlarged tubercles in median rows and on apical region. Free sternites each with 1 row of tubercles.

Chelicerae: Segment I with well-marked bulla; fixed finger with 5 teeth; movable finger with 4 teeth.

Pedipalps ( Fig. 6 E, F): Coxa unarmed. Trochanter inflated, with 1 tubercle, with 2 ventral setiferous tubercles (prolateral largest). Femur dorsal side with sparse tubercles, without prolateral subapical seta, ventral side with 3–4 tubercles and 1 enlarged basal one. Patella dorsally inserted in tibia (see in lateral view). Tibia and tarsus dorsolaterally tuberculate; tibia basal ventrally curved at 90° in lateral view, tibial setation: prolateral III, retrolateral I[Ii]. Tarsal setation: prolateral IiIi, IiIii, retrolateral iIiIiii, iIiiIi.

Legs ( Figs 6 D, 7): Coxa IV with 1 prolateral apical apophysis, its apex falcate, directed laterally backwards. Trochanters I–IV with ventral enlarged tubercles. Trochanter IV longer than wide, with 1 dorsomedian enlarged tubercle, prolateral side with 1 conical, long, robust submedian apophysis, this with 1 dorsobasal enlarged, pointed tubercle, and 1 dorsal, conical, short subapical apophysis directed dorsally; retrolateral side with 1 conical, long, robust apical apophysis directed backwards. Femora I–II unarmed; femur III sinuous, dorsoapical side with 3 enlarged tubercles (pro-, retrolateral and median ones), with 2 ventral rows of tubercles slightly increasing in size apically, ventroapical side with 1 pair of enlarged tubercles. Femur IV sinuous, with large and blunt tubercles on the distal half of the prolateral row and distal third of retrodorsal row (of tubercles); 1 spiniform, large, pointed dorsobasal apophysis; retrolateral side with 1 basal, enlarged, blunt tubercle, 1 spiniform, large, pointed basal apophysis, 2–4 median-subapical spines; dorsoapical side with slightly enlarged tubercles and 4 large, pointed tubercles (pro-, retrolateral and 2 median ones); ventral side with 2 rows of enlarged, blunt tubercles; ventroapical side with 1 prolateral enlarged tubercle and 1 retrolateral spine. Patellae I–III unarmed; patella IV with enlarged ventral tubercles. Tibiae I–II unarmed; tibia III with 2 ventral rows of tubercles moderately increasing in size subapically; tibia IV thickening apically, ventral side with 2 rows of tubercles increasing in size subapically, becoming high and pointed, ventroapical side with 1 pair of enlarged tubercles. Tarsal segmentation: 6(3), 7(3), 6, 6.

Penis ( Fig. 8 F, G): Glans with wide sac, its distal part projected dorsally. Stylus elongated and curved, with subapical ventral trichomes. Ventral process elongated, with rectangular apex, curved towards stylus. Ventral plate subrectangular, slightly basally inflated, with 3–4 pairs of MS C, 1 pair of MS D, 1 pair of MS E and 3 pairs of basal setae.

Coloration: Body, pedipalpal femur-tarsus, coxa-tibia IV, patellae-tibiae I–III, tibia III and apical regions of femora I–III, tarsus II dark brown; scutal grooves, chelicerae, tibiae I–II and tarsus I, III and IV brown; remaining parts (trochanters I–III, most part of femora I–III, metatarsi I–IV) pale brown.

Variation in males (n=2): Measurements: DSW 3.80–4.25; LI 7.10–7.60; LII 13.40–13.75; LIII 10.10–10.50; LIV 13.55–13.90. Scutal areas I with or without 1 paramedian pair of enlarged tubercles. Pedipalps: Tarsal setation: prolateral IiIi, IiIii, IiIiii, retrolateral iIiIiii, iIiiIi, IiIii. Femur IV with 3 or 4 large, dorsoapical pointed tubercles (pro-, retrolateral and 1 median tubercle or ditto, with 2 median tubercles, respectively). Tarsal segmentation: 6(3), 7–8(3), 6, 6.

Female: Unknown.

Type locality. Chile, V Región de Bio-Bío, El Abanico.

Geographical distribution ( Fig. 9 ). Known only from the type locality.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Nanophareus polyhastatus sp. nov. Male (holotype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, ditto, ventral view (schematic illustration, omitting tubercles of regular size and the suture between the stigmatic area and coxae IV); C, ditto, right lateral view; D, right tarsus IV, retrolateral view; E, right pedipalp, prolateral view; F, ditto, retrolateral view. A, C at same scale; E, F, at same scale. Scale bars of A – C, E – F: 1 mm. Scale bar of D: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 7. Nanophareus polyhastatus sp. nov. Male (holotype) right leg IV: A, dorsal view; B, prolateral view; C, ventral view; D, retrolateral view. Pat, prolateral apical apophysis of trochanter IV; Rat, ditto, retrolateral apical; Smpat, ditto, submedian prolateral. A – D at same scale. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURE 8. Distal part of Nanophareus spp. penis: A, N. bicornutus sp. nov., dorsal view, B, ditto, right lateral view; C, N. maipu sp. nov., in dorsal view, D, ditto, right lateral view, E, ditto, ventral view; F, N. polyhastatus sp. nov., dorsal view, G, ditto, right lateral view. Abbreviations: bms, basal group of macrosetae (MS); Gl, glans; MS C, MS of group C; MS D, MS of group D; MS E, MS of group E; St, stylus of glans; Vpl, ventral plate; Vpr, ventral process of glans; Vt, ventral trichomes. A, B at same scale; C – E at same scale, F, G at same scale. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 9. Distribution of Nanophareus spp. The precise locality of N. palpalis is unknown.