Uvariastrum hexaloboides (R.E.Fr.) R.E.Fr., Ark. Bot. ser. 2, 3: 42. 1953.
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https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.33.5907 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AF8C5AE8-A9DA-5EE5-AF3C-2244BAF5F28C |
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treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Uvariastrum hexaloboides (R.E.Fr.) R.E.Fr., Ark. Bot. ser. 2, 3: 42. 1953. |
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2. Uvariastrum hexaloboides (R.E.Fr.) R.E.Fr., Ark. Bot. ser. 2, 3: 42. 1953. Figure 7 View Figure 7
Uvaria hexaloboides R.E.Fr., Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Rhodesia-Kongo-Exped. 1911-1912 i. 44. 1914.
Type.
Zambia. Northern: Abercorn (Mbala), 19 Nov 1911, R.E. Fries 1260 (lectotype, designated here: UPS! [accession number V-043384]; isotypes: USP! [accession number V-061951]), Z! [Z-000000874]).
Type.
Based on Uvaria hexaloboides R.E.Fr.
Description.
Tree up to 15 m high, d.b.h. up to 45 cm; old branches, glabrous, bark brown, striate; young branches densely pubescent, hairs ca. 0.5 mm long, appressed, brown; leaf buds elongated, pubescent, hairs ca. 1 mm long, appressed, light brown. Petioles 2-7 mm long, 1-2 mm in diameter; densely pubescent, hairs ca. 0.1-0.3 mm long, erect and appressed, red-brown, persisting in older leaves; leaf lamina inserted on the side, grooved adaxially. Leaf lamina 6-13 cm long, 2.4-5 cm wide, length:width ratio 2.4-4.4, narrowly elliptic to elliptic or narrowly obovate to obovate, coriaceous, glabrous adaxially, sparsely pubescent abaxially, hairs ca. 0.5 mm long, appressed, light brown; leaf dark green adaxially; lighter green abaxially; base cuneate to rounded, apex acuminate, acumen 1-2 cm long, emarginate; midrib densely pubescent adaxially persisting in older leaves, hairs ca. 0.1 mm long, appressed, brown; densely to sparsely pubescent abaxially, hairs ca. 0.3 mm long, appressed, brown; secondary veins 9-14, curving upwards and not fusing towards margins, glabrous, hardly visible adaxially; glabrous, slightly raised abaxially, sparsely pubescent. Raphidia 1-2, on young and old branches, sometimes cauliflorous. Flowering pedicel 0.5-1.8(-6) cm long, 1-2 mm in diameter, densely pubescent, hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long, appressed, light brown; bracts 1-2, basal, 2-7 mm long, 3-6 mm wide, length:width ratio 0.8-1, very broadly ovoid, densely pubescent, hairs ca. 0.3 mm long, appressed, light brown. Flower buds ca. 5-8 mm long, 5-8 mm in diameter, deltoid to globose. Sepals 0.9-1.5 cm long, 0.7-1.8 cm wide, length:width 0.6-1.1, very broadly to depressed ovate, base truncate, apex acute, margins very slightly folded, densely pubescent outside, hairs ca. 0.3 mm long appressed, light brown; densely pubescent inside, hairs 0.1 mm long, appressed, very light brown, more densely pubescent towards the margins. Outer petals 2 -3.5 cm long, 1-1.4 cm wide, length:widt 2-3, elliptic to narrowly elliptic, densely pubescent and slightly shinny outside, hairs ca. 0.3 mm long, appressed, light brown, more densely pubescent on central vein and towards the base, densely pubescent inside, hairs shorter, ca. 0.1 mm, appressed, a paler brown. Inner petals shorter, 1-2.5 cm long, 0.8-1.5 cm wide, length:width 2-2.5, ovate, pubescence inside and outside same as outer petals; inner and outer petals yellow to green-yellow in color. Stamens ca. 3 mm long, connective discoid, ca. 0.5 mm in diameter. Carpels 10-14, ca. 3 mm long, densely pubescent, hairs ca. 0.5 mm long, appressed, light brown; stigma bilobed, ca. 1 mm in diameter, drying black, glabrous. Fruiting pedicels 0.5-2 cm long, 2-5 cm in diameter, densely to sparsely pubescent, sometimes glabrous, hairs ca. 0.2 mm long, erect or appressed, light brown. Monocarps 1-5, 2.5-6 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide, broadly oblong to oblong, not ribbed, glabrous, red at maturity; stipes 5-9 mm long, 2-9 mm in diameter; rostre 1-2 mm long, slightly displaced to the side. Seeds 6-10 per monocarp, 1.5-2 cm long, 0.8-1.2 cm wide, transversely ellipsoid, 6-8 mm in depth, testa dark brown; raphe flat; hilum 2-3 mm long, 1-1.3 mm wide, narrowly elliptic to narrowly ovate.
Distribution.
Southern Democratic Republic of Congo, Katanga region (Lubumbashi), northern Zambia and one collection from the Rukwa region in Tanzania. ( Figure 8 View Figure 8 ).
Habitat and ecology.
Common in woodland, especially in Brachystegia Benth. and Isoberlinia Craib & Stapf woodlands, on rocky soil, sometimes associated with bright red sandy loam; 1000-1600 m.
Phenology.
Mature flowers found between Oct and Jan, but mainly in Nov to Jan, sometimes flowering in May. Mature flowers found in Jul, Sep and from Nov till Dec.
Preliminary IUCN conservation status.
LC: Uvariastrum hexaloboides is quite well represented in herbaria but the last collection was made in 1985. The area of extent is 128 km² however there are more than 10 localities. The species occurs in three protected Forest Reserves in Zambia (Ichimpi, Dome and Luano Forest Reserves) thus the least concern category seems appropriate, although more recent observations will be important to confirm this assessment.
Vernacular names.
Zambia: Mukonderonde (Martin, J.D. 38/924; 880); La-ombo Holmes, W.D.H. 482); Mukonde mpanga (means "banana of the bush", Holmes, W.D.H. 672).
Uses.
The wood is sometimes used to make arcs (Gilbert 172)
Notes.
This species is easily differentiated from all other species of the genus by its densely pubescent leaves (petioles and midribs) combined with emarginate leaf apices ( Fig. 1e View Figure 1 ).
In the protologue of Uvaria hexaloboides , Fries cited two syntypes: 1260 and 1260a, and I select here the former as the lectotype as it was located in several herbaria (UPS and Z).
In the Flore du Gabon, Le Thomas (1969) suggested that Uvariastrum hexaloboides should be better placed in the genus Uvaria because of the imbricate inner petals and "very numerous" carpels. Based on the examination of numerous herbaria specimens I did not find any indication that this species should be transferred. Indeed, carpel number varies between 10 and 15, and the inner petals were only slightly imbricate to valvate. Moreover, the pollen in this species appears as tetrads ( Couvreur et al. 2008a) confirming its position in Uvariastrum .
Specimens examined.
Democratic Republic of Congo. Katanga (Shaba): Kasapa, 1245m, 14 Jun 1979, Malaisse, F. 9806 (BR, WAG); Luiswishi, 1208 m, 28 Nov 1985, Malaisse, F. 13699 (BR, WAG); 19 Dec 1984, Malaisse, F. 13408 (BR, K, P, WAG); Parc Kundelungu (Chutes de Kaloba), 25 May 1984, Breyne, H. 4862 (BR); S.E. de la route Sakania-N’Dola, à 12km au Sud de Sakania, 25 Apr 1962, Schmitz, A. 9431 (M, P); no locality info, 18 Jul 1950, Schmitz, A. s.n. (BR); around Lubumbashi, 12 Dec 1947, Schmitz, A. 1118 -1 (BR, EA); Kasunumi, Nieuwdorp, 4 May 1912, Bequaert, J.C.C. 412 (BR); Nieuwdorp, 5 May 1912, Bequaert, J.C.C. 573 (BR); route Elisabethville, Kasenga. ± 80 km Elisabethville, 7 May 1952, Delvaux, J. 248 (BR); au S.E. de Kipilingu, crête Zaire-Zambèze, 1 May 1971, Lisowski, S. 11941 (BR); Haut Shaba, 21 km NW de Lubumbashi, Lukuni, 22 Dec 1968, Lisowski, S. 11926 (BR, K); Plateau des Kundelungu, Katanga. Au bord de la rivière Lofoi, 27 May 1969, Lisowski, S. 7584 (BR); env. 20 km au NNW de Kasomeno, 12 Sep 1970, Malaisse, F. 6765 (BR); Luiswishi, 18 Jul 1950, Schmitz, A. 2883 (BR); Arboretum Etoile, 5km NE d’Elisabethville, 13 Dec 1949, Schmitz, A. 2701 (BR); Station de Keyberg (=Kisanga), 8 kms S.O. d’Elisabethville, 28 Jul 1947, Schmitz, A. 789 (BR); Muken, 12 km S.SO d’Elisabethville, 12 Apr 1947, Schmitz, A. 506 (BR, COI); Kasapa, 1245m, 16 Dec 1976, Malaisse, F. 9144 (BR); à 92 km au Sud de Kolwezi, en bordure de la vallée formant tête de source de la Musinga, 24 Nov 1982, Schaijes, M. 1636 (BR); à 14 km d’Elisabethville, 13 Jan 1966, Schmitz, A. 12046 (M); Luiswishi, 24 May 1979, Malaisse, F. 9889 (BR); à 12 km au N.W. d’Elizabethville (Katanga), 22 Oct 1958, Gathy, A.L. 2285 (BR).
Tanzania. Rukwa: Ufipa district, 20 miles from Abercorn on new Sumbawanga-Abercorn Road, 25 Nov 1960, Richards, M.A.E. 13630 (K).
Zambia. Central: Luwondo Forest (site 3), 30 Jun 1998, Smith, P.P. 1783 (K); Copperbelt: Ndola, 8 Dec 1953, Fanshawe, D.B. 555 (EA, K, WAG); edge of Ndola golf course, 8 Dec 1952, Angus, T.A. 919 (BR, COI, EA, FHO, NY); Ndola, no date, Greenway, P.J. 5676 (BR, EA, FHO); 24 Jul 1935, Duff, C.E. 35/ 300 (A, BR, FHO, NY, P, S); 16 May 1933, Duff, C.E. 33/ 83 (BR, FHO); Luano forest reserve, 10 Jul 1951, Holmes, W.D.H. 481 (FHO); Dome forest Reserve, 13 Jun 1952, Holmes, W.D.H. 479 (FHO); Nchanga, 16 Aug 1927, Bourne, R. 80 (FHO); Luano Forest district, 9 Jul 1951, Holmes, W.D.H. 482 (FHO); Ichimpi Forest Reserve, west of Chati, 1 Jun 1951, Holmes, W.D.H. 672 (FHO); Ndola, 20 Nov 1959, Angus, T.A. 2061 (FHO); 24 Dec 1935, Miller, R.G. 290 (FHO); Luapula: 70 km from Manza, along road to Mwense, 19 Nov 1992, Breteler, F.J. 11894 (MO, UZL, WAG); North-Western: Mwinilunga district. Close to the Kabompo, Sep 1934, Trapnell, C.G. 1618 (BR, K); c. 1 mile N of Mwinilunga, 26 Nov 1937, Milne-Redhead, E.W.B.H. 3413 (BR); Northern: Shiwa Ng’andu, Mansha River. Collections at Chusa Falls, 25 Nov 1993, Harder, D.K. 2133 (MO, WAG); top of path escarpment. Chilongowelo, 1524m, 13 Jan 1955, Richards, M.A.E. 4055 (BR); 24 km west of Mbala along Mbala-Mpulungu Road to Power Station Road (D549). By stream 3 km along road D549, 1 Dec 1993, Nkhoma, C.N. 80 (BR, MO); ad flumen Mukunashi, 26 Oct 1911, Fries, R.E. Centr.Afr. 1119 (UPS); Shiwa Ngandy, Chinsali, 1463m, 24 Sep 1938, Greenway, P.J. 5771 (EA, FHO); Chianga stream, N.E. of Abercron, 11 Dec 1934, Michelmore, A.P.G. 1048 (EA); Lungua valley, Abercorn, 14 Jan 1958, Lawton, R.M. 335 (FHO); Abercorn, 1 Aug 1962, Lawton, R.M. 955 (FHO); Western Province: Lialui district, near Shombo plain, between Lukulu and Kabompo Reserves, 30 Dec 1938, Martin, J.D. 38/924 (FHO); Luampa-Kafue traverse, Mutundwa, 16 Oct 1938, Martin, J.D. 880 (FHO); Unknown: locality unknown, no date, Miller, R.G. 307 (BR, FHO, NY).
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