Platyspathius Viereck, 1911

Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro, 2021, Reclassification of the doryctine tribe Rhaconotini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 741, pp. 1-168 : 80-82

Genus Platyspathius Viereck, 1911

Platyspathius Viereck, 1911: 185 .

Spathiohormius Enderlein, 1912: 21

(type species Spathiohormius ornatulus Enderlein, 1912 , by original designation).

Platyspathius – Nixon 1943: 423. — Granger 1949: 153. — Shenefelt & Marsh 1976: 1384. — Belokobylskij 1996a: 178. — Belokobylskij & Ku 2001: 37. — van Achterberg 2003: 283 — Belokobylskij et al. 2004: 81. — Belokobylskij & Maeto 2006: 735; 2009: 402. — Belokobylskij & Villemant 2015: 113. — Yu et al. 2016. — Jasso-Martínez et al. 2019: 165.

Spathiohormius – Shenefelt & Marsh 1976: 1384 (as synonym of Platyspathius ).

Type species

Platyspathius pictipennis Viereck, 1911 .

Description ( Figs 28–37 )

HEAD. Head usually not depressed, high, rather transverse. Vertex entirely very densely granulate. Ocelli arranged in obtuse triangle. Frons weakly concave, without median keel, usually with very fine longitudinal furrow. Eyes often with very short and sparse setae. Occipital carina dorsally complete, obliterate below and not joining ventrally with hypostomal carina. Malar suture absent. Clypeal suture rather distinct and complete. Hypoclypeal depression medium size, round. Palps rather short; maxillary palps 6-segmented, its sixth (apical) segment longer than fifth segment; labial palps short, 4-segmented, its third segment not shortened. Scapus wide, rather short, without apical lobe and basal constriction, its ventral margin (lateral view) shorter than dorsal margin. First flagellar segment subcylindrical, very weakly curved, almost as long as or weakly longer second segment. Apical segment pointed apically and without spine.

MESOSOMA. Mesosoma not depressed dorso-ventral and relatively short. Neck of prothorax short. Pronotum dorsally distinctly convex, with fine and submedially situated pronotal carina; pronope absent. Propleural dorsoposterior flange long and narrow. Mesonotum relatively highly and roundly elevated above pronotum, mostly densely and distinctly granulate-coriaceous. Median lobe of mesonotum with very shallow median longitudinal furrow, without anterolateral corners. Notauli incomplete, deep in anterior half and absent or almost absent in posterior half. Tegula short, widened distally, weakly convex along its posterior margin. Prescutellar depression short, distinctly curved, with several carinae. Lateral longitudinal wing-like flanges on the level of prescutellar depression narrow and low. Scutellum more or less distinctly convex, often with lateral carinae. Metanotum with short, wide and pointed apically median tooth (lateral view). Sternaulus (precoxal sulcus) very shallow, narrow, long, running along anterior 0.5–0.6 of lower part of mesopleuron, more or less straight. Prepectal carina distinct and complete, rather wide below. Postpectal carina absent. Metapleural flange rather long, narrow, rounded apically. Propodeum without areas; lateral tubercles present, but low; propodeal bridge absent. Propodeal spiracles small and round.

WINGS. Pterostigma of fore wing rather narrow and long. Radial (marginal) cell not shortened. Both radiomedial veins (2-SR, r-m) present. Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell long and rather wide. Recurrent vein (m-cu) postfurcal or rarely subinterstitial. Discoidal (discal) cell petiolate anteriorly, petiole (1-SR) long or short. Nervulus (cu-a) almost interstitial or postfurcal, rarely weakly antefurcal, oblique towards base of wing. Brachial (subdiscal) cell weakly narrowed apically, gently curvedly closed apically usually before recurrent vein (m-cu), without antero-posterior corner. Parallel vein (CU1a) always interstitial. Transverse anal veins (2A, a) absent. Hind wing with three hamuli. Radial vein (SR) arising from costal vein (2-SC+R) far separating from basal vein (1r-m). Radial (marginal) cell without transverse vein (r). Medial (basal) cell weakly widened towards apex from base. Nervellus (cu-a) present. Submedial (subbasal) cell short; first abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) 0.5–0.6 times as long as second abscissa (1-M). Recurrent (m-cu) vein long, curved, strongly oblique towards base of wing.

LEGS. Fore and middle tibiae with distinct thickened spines arranged in narrow stripe. All tibiae thick. Middle tarsal segments long. Hind coxa short, wide, subrounded, without basoventral corner, often without basoventral tubercle or sometimes present but small. Inner spur of hind tibia simple, 0.3 times as long as hind basitarsus. Hind femur wide, without distinct dorsal protuberance. Hind basitarsus 0.6 times as long as second-fifth segments combined. Claws short and simple.

METASOMA. First tergite semi-petiolate, long, rather narrow, very densely and very small areolatepunctate. Acrosternite of first tergite weakly elongate, about 0.35–0.40 times as long as first tergite, its apical margin situated about on or weakly behind level of spiracles. Dorsope of first tergite shallow and rather small; present wide basolateral processes; spiracular tubercles often absent, spiracles situated almost in basal 0.3 of tergite; dorsal carinae absent, but present distinct and complete lateral carinae. Second tergite without basal and often without apical areas delineated by furrows. Second suture usually shallow or very shallow, rather narrow or sometimes wide, complete and evenly curved. Third tergite without transverse depression or furrow. Second and third tergites mainly very densely and very small areolate-punctate. Second to sixth tergites with distinctly separated laterotergites. Six–seven dorsally visible tergites. Fifth tergite weakly enlarged, slightly longer than previous tergite (measured from transverse subbasal furrow), not covered following apical segments. Setae on fourth–sixth tergites widely distributed laterally and almost in single submedian line medially.

Diagnosis

Platyspathius characterise by having the following combination of diagnostic morphological features: acrosternite of first metasomal segment distinctly (but not strongly) elongate; first tergite usually long and narrow; sculpture of vertex and mesoscutum densely and sometimes finely granulate-areolate; first– third metasomal tergites mainly or entirely densely areolate-reticulate; hind coxa without basoventral corner and tubercle; all tibiae (especially posterior) thickened; propodeum without any delineated areas, parallel vein (CU1a) of fore wing mostly interstitial, recurrent vein (m-cu) always postfurcal, and metasoma with more than five dorsally visible tergites with usually enlarged fifth tergite.

Composition

This genus currently consists of two subgenera, Lenticularia van Achterberg, 2003 and Platyspathius s. str. The following species belong to the nominative subgenus: Platyspathius (Platyspathius) bisignatus (Walker, 1860) (OR) ; P. (P.) clymene Nixon, 1943 (AF); P. (P.) dice Nixon, 1943 (AF); P. (P.) europaeus van Achterberg, 2003 (PA); P. (P.) hospitus Belokobylskij & Ku, 2001 (PA); P. (P.) ornatulus ( Enderlein, 1912) ( P. dinoderi Gahan, 1925 ) (PA, OR, PC); P. (P.) picardi Belokobylskij & Villemant, 2015 (PA); P. (P.) pictipennis Viereck, 1911 (AF); P. (P.) pyrene Nixon, 1943 (OR); P. (P.) ruiliensis Chao, 1978 (OR); P. (P.) thyone Nixon, 1943 (OR); P. (P.) turneri Nixon, 1943 (AF); P. (P.) venezuelicus sp. nov. (NT).

Hosts

Coleoptera : Dinoderus brevis Horn, 1878 ; D. minutus (Fabricius, 1775) , D. ocellaris Stephens, 1830 ; Sinoxylon anale Lesne, 1897 ; S. senegalense Karsch, 1881 (Bostrichidae) ( Yu et al. 2016); Anobium punctatum (DeGeer, 1774) (Anobiidae) ( Belokobylskij & Villemant, 2015).

Distribution

Afrotropical, Neotropical, Oceanic, Oriental and Palaearctic regions.

Figures

Fig. 28. Platyspathius (Platyspathius) pictipennis Viereck,1911, ♂, holotype, USNM. A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, lateral view. C. Head, frontal view. D. Head, dorsal view. E. Basal segments of antenna. F. Apical segments of antenna. G. Mesoscutum, dorsal view. H. Mesosoma, lateral view. I. Propodeum and first metasomal tergite, dorsal view. J. Hind coxa and femur, lateral view. K. Hind tibia, lateral view. L. Propodeum and first metasomal tergite, lateral view.

Fig. 29. Platyspathius (Platyspathius) pictipennis Viereck, 1911, ♂, holotype, USNM. A. Wings. B. Metasoma, dorsal view. C. Metasoma, lateral view.

Fig. 30. Platyspathius (Platyspathius) venezuelicus sp. nov., ♀, holotype, IB-UNAM. A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, front view. C. Head, dorsal view. D. Head, lateral view. E. Basal segments of antenna. F. Mesosoma, dorsal view. G. Mesosoma, lateral view. H. Propodeum and first metasomal tergite, dorsal view. I. First metasomal tergite, lateral view.

Fig. 31. Platyspathius (Platyspathius) venezuelicus sp. nov., ♀, holotype, IB-UNAM. A. Fore wing. B. Hind wing, C. Metasoma, dorsal view. D. Metasoma, lateral view.

Fig. 32. Platyspathius (Platyspathius) ornatulus Enderlein, 1912, ♀, lectotype, MIZW. A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, lateral view. C. Head, front view. D. Head, dorsal view. E. Apical segments of antenna. F. Basal segments of antenna. G. Mesosoma, lateral view. H. Mesosoma, dorsal view. I. Hind femur and tibia, lateral view. J. First metasomal tergite, lateral view.

Fig. 33. Platyspathius (Platyspathius) ornatulus Enderlein, 1912, ♀, lectotype, MIZW. A. Fore wing. B. Hind wing, C. Metasoma, dorsal view. D. Metasoma, lateral view.

Fig. 34. Platyspathius (Platyspathius) ranomafanus sp. nov., ♀, holotype, ZISP. A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Basal segments of antenna. C. Head, front view. D. Head, dorsal view. E. Head, lateral view. F. Propodeum and first metasomal tergite, dorsal view. G. Mesosoma, dorsal view. H. Mesosoma, lateral view. I. Hind femur and tibia, lateral view.

Fig. 35. Platyspathius (Platyspathius) ranomafanus sp. nov. ♀, holotype, ZISP. A. Wings. B. First metasomal tergite, dorsal view., C. Metasoma without first tergite, dorsal view. D. Metasoma, lateral view.

Fig. 36. Platyspathius (Lenticularia) lenticularis (Granger, 1949), ♀, holotype, MNHN. A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, front view. C. Head, dorsal view. D. Head, lateral view. E. Basal segments of antenna. F. Fore leg. G. Mesosoma, dorsal view. H. Mesosoma, lateral view. I. Hind leg. J. Hind coxa. K. Propodeum and first metasomal tergite, dorsal view. L. Apex of ovipositor, lateral view.

Fig. 37. Platyspathius (Lenticularia) lenticularis (Granger, 1949), ♀, holotype, MNHN. A. Fore wing. B. Hind wing, C. Metasoma, dorsal view. D. Metasoma, lateral view.