Callulina stanleyi, Loader & Gower & Ngalason & Menegon, 2010

Loader, Simon P., Gower, David J., Ngalason, Wilirk & Menegon, Michele, 2010, Three new species of Callulina (Amphibia: Anura: Brevicipitidae) highlight local endemism and conservation plight of Africa’s Eastern Arc forests, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 160 (3), pp. 496-514 : 511

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF CALLULINA

As Loader et al. (2009) outlined, Callulina species are distinguished from other breviciptids by their truncate to expanded toe and finger tips. Here we present a key that should identify adult specimens of all described species. It should be noted that the confident identification of species relies on an assessment of the presence or absence of a tympanum. This might require dissection, especially for small specimens, and therefore is not possible in the field. Geographical distribution (and/or morphometric/molecular analysis) can assist in distinguishing between the morphologically similar C. kisiwamsitu and C. stanleyi sp. nov. Caution is required when identifying small or poorly preserved specimens in which toe and/or finger tips might be desiccated.

1a. Tympanum present, although often obscured by granular skin.................................................................2

1b. Tympanum absent ........................................................................................................................... 5

2a. Finger tips expanded, with their width greater than the width of the distal subarticular tubercle ................. 3

2b. Finger tips truncated, not expanded beyond the width of the first subarticular tubercle......... Callulina dawida

3a. Ratio between the width of finger 3 at the level of the distal subarticle tubercle and the width of its finger tip is always more than 0.75. Distance between tympanum and eye equal to or greater than tympanum diameter ...4

3b. Ratio between the width of finger 3 at the level of the distal subarticle tubercle and the width of its finger tip is less than 0.75. Distance between tympanum and eye usually less than tympanum diameter..... Callulina kreffti

4a. Large, robust head. Distinctive call, known only from South Pare Mountains ........... Callulina stanleyi sp. nov.

4b. Less robust head. Distinctive call, known only from West Usambara Mountains............. Callulina kisiwamsitu

5a. Absence of prominent glandular masses on arms and feet. Distinctive bright red (or green) interocular band connecting the opposite anterior and posterior margins of the eyelids. North Pare Mountains......................... .................................................................................................................. Callulina laphami sp. nov.

5b. Prominent, relatively pale glandular mass on arms and feet. Less distinct and less continuous interocular band. South Pare Mountains................................................................................... Callulina shengena sp. nov.