Spurostigma caatinga, Neto, Alberto Moreira Da Silva & García, Alfonso N., 2012

Neto, Alberto Moreira Da Silva & García, Alfonso N., 2012, A new species of Spurostigma Eertmoed (Psocodea: ’ Psocoptera’: Spurostigmatidae) from Brazil, Zootaxa 3501, pp. 83-87 : 86

Spurostigma caatinga n. sp. (Male)

( Figs. 1–11 )

Color (in 80% ethyl alcohol). Body yellowish brown. Compound eyes black, ocelli hyaline, with interommatidial setae and each with an ochre centripetal crescent ( Fig. 1 ). Scape brown, pedicel pale yellow, flagellum pale yellow, f1–f10 with distal ends white ( Fig.2 ); f11 elongate, with a slender distal process ( Fig. 3 ). Mx1-2 creamy white, Mx3 pale brown, Mx4 dark brown. Thorax brown, pleura pale brown and abdomen yellowish brown. Legs: coxae, trochanters and femora whitish, tibiae and tarsomeres brown ( Fig. 4 ); pretarsal claw slender, with a preapical denticle ( Fig. 5 ). Forewings almost hyaline, as illustrated ( Fig. 6 ), veins brown, ending in a brown spot at wing margin. Hindwing ( Fig. 7 ), almost hyaline throughout, veins brown.

Morphology. Forewing and hindwing Rs-M fused for a distance ( Fig. 5 ). Lacinia broadening distally, outer cusp broad, with nine denticles ( Fig. 8 ). Five distal labral sensilla, a central placoid, flanked by a pair trichoidplacoid. Hypandrium of two pieces, the distal one simple, broad, almost straight anteriorly and rounded posteriorly, setose as illustrated ( Fig. 9 ). Phallosome ( Fig. 10 ) simple, elongate, with a mid concavity anteriorly; endophallus indistinct, aedeagal arch slender, strongly sclerotized; external parameres long, stout, distally rounded. Paraprocts robust, almost semi-elliptic, with setae as illustrated ( Fig.11 ); sensory fields elliptic, with 34 trichobothria on basal rosettes. Epiproct broad, trapeziform, with setae as illustrated ( Fig.11 ).

Measurements (in microns): FW: 2833, HW: 2012, F: 597, T: 995, t1: 388, t2: 121, cttl: 34, f1:314, f2: 170, f3: 166, f4: 143, f5: 117, f6: 117, f7: 101, f8:97, f9: 86, f10: 82, f11: 83, IO: 382, D:183, d: 116, IO/d: 3.29, PO: 0.64.

Specimens studied. Holotype male, 1 paratype male. BRAZIL. Bahia. Milagres, 12º54`21.9”S: 39º50`46.7”W. Alt. 730m. 25.III.2012. Beating branches of trees and shrubs with dead leaves, Silva-Neto, A. M.

Etymology. The specific name refers to the caatinga biome, where the two specimens were collected..

Discussion. The 13 described species of Spurostigma are strictly neotropical and are found in three of the subregions established by Morrone (2001). Nine species occur in the Caribbean subregion: S. cuba Eertmoed , S. jimenezi Badonnel , ( Cuba ); S. dominica Eertmoed , S. insula Eertmoed , ( Dominica ); S. nesiotis Eertmoed , S. portoricense Eertmoed , ( Puerto Rico); S. panamense Eertmoed , ( Panama); S. epirotica Eertmoed , ( Mexico). Two species have been recorded in the Amazonian subregion: S. guyana Eertmoed , ( Guyana ) and S. mesembria Eertmoed , ( Suriname), and two species occur in the Chaco subregion: S. boliviana García Aldrete , and S. caatinga n. sp. ( Brazil) ( Fig.12 ).

S. caatinga is the first recorded for the caatinga province (a subdivision of the Chaco subregion, Morrone, 2001). S. caatinga belongs in Section B of García Aldrete (2009), characterized by having the forewing veins Rs- M fused for a distance or diverging from a point; in that section, it is similar to S. panamensis Eertmoed , from which it differs mostly on the structure of the phallosome. Figure 12 shows that both S. boliviana García Aldrete , and S. caatinga Silva-Neto & García Aldrete , are isolated from the presently known main area of distribution of the genus.

Figures

FIGURE 12. Distribution of the species of Spurostigma in four subregions of the Neotropical region. A. Caribbean. B. Amazonian. C. Chaco. D. Paranaense.

FIGURES 1 – 11. Spurostigma caatinga n. sp. (male). 1. Front view of head. 2. Right antenna. 3. Distal flagellomeres of right antenna. 4. Right hind leg. 5. Pretarsal claw of right hind leg. 6. Forewing. 7. Hindwing. 8. Lacinial tip. 9. Hypandrium. 10. Phallosome. 11. Clunium, paraprocts and epiproct. Scales in µm.