Hemineurina modesta (Staeger, 1840)

Menzel, Frank, Gammelmo, Oivind, Olsen, Kjell Magne & Koehler, Arne, 2020, The Black Fungus Gnats (Diptera, Sciaridae) of Norway - Part I: species records published until December 2019, with an updated checklist, ZooKeys 957, pp. 17-104 : 17

Hemineurina modesta (Staeger, 1840)

Synonyms.

= arctica (Holmgren, 1869); = conglomerata (Pettey, 1918); = ecalcarata (Holmgren, 1869); = frigida (Holmgren, 1869) [preocc.]; = fumatella (Lundbeck, 1898); = globiceps (Becher, 1886); = groenlandica (Holmgren, 1872); = holmgreni ( Rübsaamen, 1894).

Literature.

Faunistics: Holmgren (1869): 16, 52 [as Sciara arctica and Sciara ecalcarata ] and 15, 53 [as Sciara frigida ]; Becher (1886): 62; Edwards (1923): 236 [both as Sciara globiceps ]; Edwards (1925): 354; Summerhayes and Elton (1928): 209, 220, 221, 225 [both as Sciara holmgreni ]; Lengersdorf (1930a): 55 [as Sciara arctica and Sciara frigida ]; Lengersdorf (1930c): 52 [as Sciara groenlandica ]; Edwards (1935): 533; Bertram and Lack (1938): 51 [both as Sciara holmgreni ]; Frey (1948): 91 [as Bradysia (Hemineurina) modesta var. frigida ]; Tuomikoski (1967): 48 [as Lycoriella (Hemineurina) modesta ], 49 [as Sciara acrctica ] and 50 [as Sciara ecalcarata ]; Menzel et al. (1990): 337 [as Lycoriella (Hemineurina) modesta ]; Menzel and Mohrig (2000): 405 [as Sciara acrctica , Sciara ecalcarata and Sciara frigida under Lycoriella (Hemineurina) modesta ] and 198 [in the discussion of Camptochaeta delicata ; misidentification]; Coulson and Refseth (2004): 103 [as Lycoriella (Hemineurina) globiceps and Lycoriella (Hemineurina) modesta ]; Thunes et al. (2004): 85 [as Lycoriella globiceps ]; Coulson (2008): 161; Coulson (2013): 154 [both as Lycoriella (Hemineurina) modesta ];? Coulson et al. (2013): 6 [as Lycoriella (Hemineurina) sp.]. Taxonomy: Tuomikoski (1960): 75, 77; Menzel and Mohrig (2000): 405; Mohrig et al. (2013) 213 [all as Lycoriella (Hemineurina) modesta ]; Vilkamaa and Menzel (2019): 10, 51 [as Hemineurina modesta ].

Localities.

• Norway; without further locality details (= ‘Norwegen’) • Buskerud; Sigdal, Heimseteråsen (= ‘Sigdal’).

• Jan Mayen: without further locality details (= 'Jan Mayen’; = 'Jan Mayen Island’) • Svalbard; Bjørnøya (= 'Bear Island’) • Bjørnøya, bay Austervåg at the E coast (= 'bei Austervåg (B.)') • Bjørnøya, mining camp Tunheim at the NE coast (= 'Bear Island, Tunheim’) • Bjørnøya, Røyevatnet in the SW part of island (= 'Bear Island, Röyevatnet’) • Spitsbergen, Amsterdamøya, Smeerenburg at the SE coast (= 'in Spetsbergia ad Smeerenberg’; = 'Spitzbergen, Smeerenberg’) • Spitsbergen, Bellsund at the W coast (= 'in Spetsbergia ad Belsund’) • Spitsbergen, Edgeøya at the Storfjorden,? Kvalpynten at the N side of the mouth of Tjuvfjorden (= 'in Spetsbergia ad Whales Point in Storfjorden’) • Spitsbergen, Grønfjorden (= 'in Spetsbergia ad Green Harbour’; = 'Spetsbergia, Green Harbour’; = 'Spitzbergen, Green Harbour’; = ‘Grønfjorden’) • Spitsbergen, Grønfjorden, Barentsburg (= ‘Barentsburg’; = 'bei Barentsburg (S.)'; = ‘Grønfjord, Barentsburg’) • Spitsbergen, Haakon VII Land, Gerdøya in Dyrevika at the head of Kongsfjorden (= 'Head of King’s Bay, Deer Bay Island’) • Spitsbergen, Haakon VII Land, Reinsdyrflya, at the Liefdefjorden (= 'Spitsbergen, Reindeer Peninsula, at the Liefde Bay’) • Spitsbergen, Hiorthhamn [former mining settlement] at the E side of Adventfjorden (= ‘Hjorthhamn’; = 'Hiorthhamn (S.), bei Residensen’) • Spitsbergen, Kobbefjorden at the NW coast near the Danskøya (= 'in Spetsbergia ad Kobbebay’; = 'in Spetsbergia ad Kobbebay [Spitzbergen, bei Kobbefjorden]'; = ‘Kobbebay’; = ‘Kobbefjorden’) • Spitsbergen, Nordaustlandet (= 'Spitsbergen, North-East Land’) • Spitsbergen, Nordenskiöld Land, Mälardalen at the N side of the mouth of Adventelva (= ‘Mælardalen’; = 'Maelardalen [ Mælardalen]’) • Spitsbergen, without further locality details (= 'Spetsbergen; = ‘Spitzbergen’; = ‘Spitsbergen’).

Ecological note.

Lichen-moss heath; bogs (grass-swamp); mats of Luzula confusa and mosses; in hollows and slight crevices of erratic boulders with mosses and lichens; plant community ‘fjaeldmark’ (= feldmark; mountain field) with phanerogams, mosses, lichens and Salix polaris ; in mosses and lichens; on grass-leaves, moss-hummocks and hard snowdrifts near streams; among stones; from plants in stony areas and on large boulders; mixture of discarded greenhouse soil and manure from animal houses (all Svalbard records); Pinus sylvestris dominated boreal forests with Betula pubescens and Picea abies . Phenology: Jun.-Sep.