Spinopilar magistralis, Kury & Araujo, 2021

Kury, Adriano B. & Araujo, Débora C., 2021, On Spinopilar from Rio de Janeiro state with description of three new species (Opiliones, Laniatores, Cryptogeobiidae), Zootaxa 4984 (1), pp. 148-181 : 173-177

Spinopilar magistralis spec. nov.

“Gen. sp. K” Kury 2014: 10.

Figs 4C , 20–25

Type material. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Holotype ♂ ( MNRJ 18984 ) Armação dos Búzios: Resort Caravelas, 31.7.– 2.8.2007, V. Ovtcharenko & T. Piterkina leg. Paratypes: 1 ♀ ( MNRJ 18984 ), with same date as for holotype . 4 ♂, 3 ♀ ( MNRJ 19189 ), Búzios APA do Pau Brasil, -22,807308°, - 41,951329°, 25 m elevation, 13.– 15.1.2011, B. Buzatto, A.P.L. Giupponi & A.B. Kury leg.

Etymology. Species name is the Latin adjective magistralis (of or pertaining to a master, teacher or expert), after the outstanding German arachnologist Jochen Martens, on the occasion of his 80th birthday.

Diagnosis. Differs from all other Spinopilar by the leg IV with Fe to Mt strongly incrassate, also differs (except S. apiacaensis , S. martialis and S. friburguensis ) by the elevated campaniform ocularium. Further differs from S. martialis by the male Ti IV which is uniformly thickened with coarse granulation (incrassate only distally and armed with long, stout spines in S. martialis ), from S. apiacaensis by the bifid praeocular mound and from S. friburguensis by male Mt IV fusiform.

Description. Male (holotype). Measurements: CL = 0.80, CW = 1.15, AL = 1.32, AW = 1.75.

Dorsum ( Figs 4C , 20A–F ). Dorsal scutum roughly bell-shaped: abdominal scutum much wider than carapace with sides strongly convex, converging posteriorly and without posterior constriction. Carapace with well-marked semicircular groove, entirely smooth; lateral ridges deep; preocular mound very high, with two spines geminated at base. Ocularium high, elliptical in dorsal view, situated in the middle of the carapace, armed with robust erect acuminate spiniform apophysis. Lateral margins of scutum with row of minute setiferous tubercles extending from area I to area II. Mesotergum divided into 4 areas by deep straight grooves. Median armature of areas I–IV increasing in size backwards. Scutal areas I–III each armed with a pair of paramedian blunt tubercles placed very close to each other (0.05 mm), otherwise with anterior row of granules. Scutal area IV with a pair of paramedian acuminate setiferous tubercles, larger and much more separated (0.2 mm) than those of other areas. These 2 main tubercles make part of a transversal row containing smaller tubercles, 1 on each side. Area V and free tergites I–III each with a transversal row of 10–12 subequal acuminate tubercles plus an anterior row of granules. Anal operculum with uniformly set rounded tubercles.

Venter ( Figs 21A–F ). Coxae I–II densely covered by oval setiferous tubercles. Coxae III–IV smooth, only with minute granules. Free sternites with scattered setiferous tubercles. Cx I to III arched, transversal to main body axis; Cx II curved around Cx I, as wide as Cx I, in situ much longer than Cx III. Cx II and III delimit a narrow sternum. Maxillary lobe of Cx II as a small triangle. Cx I movable. Cx II linked to Cx III by only one pair of large lateral tubercular bridges; Cx III linked to Cx IV by three or four pairs of large lateral tubercular bridges. Cx IV slanted, larger than all others combined and strongly projected laterally. Stigmatic area roughly Y-shaped, only faintly separated from Cx IV, fused to sternite II, with lateral grooves highlighting the stigmata ( Fig. 21A ). Posterior margin of complex stigmatic area + sternite II without median lobe. Stigmata small, entirely transversal and free ( Fig. 21C ). Cx IV, Tr IV and stigmatic area complex forming a ventral complex of 3 overlaid apophyses as follows: (1) Cx IV has a weakly biramous apophysis, mesal branch short rounded, applied against stigmatic apophysis and ectal branch as a fasciolate hyaline truncated apophysis (FAp, sensu Kury 2014) applicable against Tr IV ( Figs 21 C, D ); (2) stigmatic area has a robust lateral tongue-shaped protuberance projected in the middle ( Fig. 21C ); (3) Tr IV (densely covered by scaly tubercles) has a ventro-mesal apical stout apophysis, reaching middle part of protuberance 2, and in mid-length with a secondary branch as a FAp, extremely similar to corresponding FAp of Cx IV ( Figs 21B, C ). Tr IV furthermore has a cluster of 4 meso-basal very thick striated setae (PTC, Fig. 21E ) and a secondary cluster of two such setae associated with the FAp ( Fig. 21F ).

Chelicera/Pedipalp ( Figs 22A–I ). Basichelicerite with well-developed bulla, separated from peduncle by a narrow waist. Its mesal surface covered with small patches of tiny denticles. Ectal surface near dorsum with a single row of 10 well-developed plectra. Cheliceral hand weak, monomorphic. Pp Tr with 1 large ventral megaspine, Fe with 1 very large and 1 very small megaspines, Pa unarmed. Pp Fe cylindrical, strongly convex dorsally and moderately compressed, with a well-developed mesal pars stridens composed of ca. 30 ridges and situated on a slightly concave surface. Spination of Pp cage: Ti mesal IiIi, ectal I(Îi), Ta mesal IiIi, ectal IiIi.

Legs ( Figs 4C , 20A–D , 21A–B , 23A –EI). Fe I-II gently curved, Fe III more markedly curved. Ti III: uniformly thickened. Cx IV: well-developed, expanding laterally and posteriorly to reach the posterior border of scutal area III, armed with a distal prodorsal spiniform apophysis and retroventral FAp. Tr IV: extremely robust, armed with an elongate straight retrolateral spatuliform apophysis bearing inner FAp and retrolateral primary trochanteral cluster formed by four striated setae. Fe IV: cylindrical, heavily incrassate, armed with rows of large, acuminate setiferous tubercles; those of proventral and prolateral rows strongly increase in size distally. Pa IV: uniformly covered with smaller setiferous tubercles. Ti IV: uniformly thickened, armed with rows of setiferous tubercles with apical retroventral much larger than the others forming a spur. Mt IV: proximal third thickened but not fusiform and armed with rows of minute setiferous tubercles. Tarsal counts: 5(3)/6(3)/5/6.

Genitalia ( Figs 25A–G ). Distal part of truncus abruptly bent as a botuliform oblique malleus (so that original dorsal surface is now apical and original apical is now ventral) and an erect large lamina parva (LP). Well-developed hyaline button present at dorsal transition zone between truncus and malleus. Lamina parva prismatic, subrectangular (in ventral view) with rounded corners. Nine pairs of macrosetae (MS) A to E arranged as follows: MS A1 stout, inserted on latero-apical surface of malleus, close to the base of LP. MS A2 stout, inserted directly on lamina parva. MS B1 as strong as A1–A2, located on apical surface of malleus. MS C1–C3 short, striated, inserted close to each other, located on the ventro-latero-distal edge of LP. MS D1 very short, located of the dorsolateral surface of LP, clustered with C1–C3. MS E1–E2 similar in size to MS C, forming a quadrangle on ventro-distal surface of LP, E2 clearly larger than E1. Follis long, laminar, scarcely folded. Stylus smooth and simple, without dorsal accessory plate (DAPG), without head (but with gently tapering apex), bent. Skirt as an arch of circle, deeply serrate.

Figures

FIGURES 4A–C. Spinopilar spp., males, habitus, dorsal. A Spinopilar jocheni from Pedra de Guaratiba (MNRJ 7115). B Spinopilar martialis from Macaé (MNRJ 8852) C Spinopilar magistralis from Búzios (MNRJ 18984). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 20A–F. Spinopilar magistralis spec. nov., ♂ paratypes (MNRJ 19189). A–C Habitus (A dorsal, B including cheli- cerae, lateral, C including Fe IV, antero-lateral), D Right Tr–Fe IV, ventro-lateral, E Detail of ocularium and frontal margin of carapace, dorsal, F Habitus, frontal. Scale bars: 500 μm (A, B, C, F), 200 μm (D), 100 μm (E).

FIGURES 21A–F. Spinopilar magistralis spec. nov., ♂ paratype (MNRJ 19189), Cx–Fe IV and stigmatic area. A Habitus, ventral, B Right Tr IV, ventral, C Ventral complex of interlocking processes, right side, fasciolate hyaline apophyses and sternites in situ, ventral, D Left Tr IV, showing primary trochanteral cluster, ventro-lateral, E Detail of PTC, F Detail of secondary trochanteral cluster of setae. STC—secondary trochanteral cluster of setae. PTC—primary trochanteral cluster. Scale bars: 500 μm (A), 100 μm (B, C, D), 20 μm (F), 10 μm (E).

FIGURES 22A–I. Spinopilar magistralis spec. nov., ♂ paratype (MNRJ 19189), chelicera & pedipalp. A–D Left chelicerae (A frontal, B ecta, C detail of plectra, ecto-frontal, D detail of two individual plectra, ecto-frontal), E Right pedipalp, ectal, F–I Left pedipalp (F mesal, G details of Tr and Fe, meso-frontal, H Fe, detail of pars stridens, mesal, I detail of pars stridens, mesal). Scale bars: 200 μm (E, F),100 μm (A, B, G, H), 50 μm (C), 10 μm (I), 5 μm (D).

FIGURES 23A–E. Spinopilar magistralis spec. nov., ♂ paratype (MNRJ 19189), legs. A Right Tr & Fe IV, ventrolateral. B Left leg IV, mainly retrolateral. C Left Ta IV, retrolateral. D Left leg I, prolateral. E Left Ta I, prolateral. Scale bars: 500 μm (B, D), 200 μm (A, C, E).

FIGURES 24A–F. Spinopilar magistralis spec. nov., ♀ paratype (MNRJ 19189). A–B Habitus (A dorsal, B sinistrolateral). C Left stigmatic area & Cx IV, ventral. D Left leg IV, prolateral. E Left stigmatic area & Cx IV, detail, ventral. F Left Fe IV, detail of tegument with lanceolate seta. Scale bars: 500 μm (A, B, D), 100 μm (C, E), 10 μm (F).

FIGURES 25A–G. Spinopilar magistralis spec. nov., ♂ paratype (MNRJ 19189), distal part of genitalia (A lateral, panoramic, B detail of A, C dorsal, panoramic, D detail of C, E ventral, panoramic, F detail of E, G dorso-apical). DHB—dorsal hyaline button. Scale bars: 50 μm (A, C, E), 20 μm (B, D, F, G).