Calyria minutopercula, SANBORN, 2020

SANBORN, ALLEN F, 2020, Eight new species and three new records of Neotropical cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from Venezuela, Journal of Insect Biodiversity 16 (1), pp. 6-37 : 15-16

Calyria minutopercula sp. nov. ( Fig. 3 )

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Type material: Holotype. “ Rancho Grande / Maracay / Venezuela / May 1972 / C.F.R. ♂ ” male ( UMSP). Paratype. “Rancho Grande / Venezuela / August 1969 / C.F.R.” one male (AFSC) and one female (UMSP); “Rancho Grande / Maracay / Venezuela / May 1972 / C.F.R. ♀” one female (AFSC).

Etymology. The name is a combination of minut – (L. minutus, little, small), and – opercula (L. operculum, cover, lid) in reference to the very small opercula characteristic of this new species.

Remarks. The five hind wing apical cells, the inflated abdomen with dorsal ridge, the shape of the pygofer, particularly the distal shoulder forming an approximate right angle and the elongated, flattened, posteriorly oriented upper pygofer lobes with the distal end curving mediad, crossing the midline and terminating in a sharp point, and the very small opercula quickly distinguish this small species from other Venezuelan cicadas.

Description

Ground color tawny marked with castaneous and piceous. The tawny is probably green in fresh specimens based on the variability in coloration in other described species of the genus.

Head. Head slightly wider than mesonotum, piceous spot on vertex anterolateral to lateral ocelli, piceous surrounding ocelli, lateral ocelli not surrounded with piceous in some paratypes, piceous spot on anteromedial corner of supra-antennal plate, short golden pile on dorsum, longer posterior to eye. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes castaneous, tawny in one paratype. Ventral head tawny, with short silvery pile and long white pile. Postclypeus tawny with castaneous spot on apex, ventral side flattened laterally and centrally with sulcus bordered by a thin carina, dorsal surface tawny with short piceous fasciae on either side of midline. Postclypeus with seven transverse grooves. Anteclypeus tawny with castaneous posterior margin, castaneous expands along posterolateral anteclypeus in some paratypes, covered with long silvery pile. Rostrum tawny with piceous tip, long silvery pile on tip, reaching to hind coxae. Scape and proximal pedicel castaneous, remaining antennal segments piceous.

Thorax. Dorsal thorax tawny. Prothorax with piceous fascia on either side of midline expanding anterolaterally into triangular mark and curving posterolaterally anterior to ambient fissure, piceous mark on anterior disk between paramedian and lateral fissures, piceous mark on anteromedial corner of lateral disk posterolaterally across anterior disk, short golden pile on disk and in fissures, pronotal collar tawny with short golden pile on lateral angle. Mesonotum tawny with castaneous dorsum as wide as submedian sigillae, castaneous fascia extending from middle of lateral sigillae to posterolateral corner of mesonotum, castaneous longitudinal fascia on central cruciform elevation, distal ends of anterior arms of cruciform elevation castaneous, wing groove and posterior margin castaneous. Metanotum tawny with castaneous posterior margin. Golden pile on mesonotum on disk, denser laterally, between anterior arms of cruciform elevation, in wing groove, and on posterior metanotum. Ventral thoracic segments tawny, meron 2 margined with piceous, with short and long silvery pile.

Wings. Fore wings and hind wings hyaline with eight and five apical cells respectively. Venation tawny, becoming castaneous distally, with castaneous mark on arculus expanding onto junction of radius & subcostal vein, proximal and distal posterior anal vein 2 + 3 with piceous posterior margin. Basal cell hyaline. Infuscation on distal end of apical cell 1 extending across distal radius anterior 2 and across ambient vein to wing margin apex. Basal membrane of fore wing gray with darker posterior margin. Venation of hind wing tawny becoming castaneous distally except green radius posterior, median vein and cubitus posterior, and castaneous proximal anal vein 3, anal vein 3 with curved terminus, about half as long as anal vein 2. Anal cell 3 grayish, infuscation in proximal anal cell 2 and distal anal cell 2 at terminus of anal vein 2.

Legs. Legs tawny, coxae and femora striped with castaneous, distal tibiae and distal tarsi castaneous, tarsal claws tawny proximally, castaneous distally. Fore femora with four angled piceous spines, spines become smaller and less erect distally, primary spine straight, secondary, tertiary and apical spines curved. Tibial spurs and tibial combs castaneous. Meracanthus tawny with ochraceous base and piceous tip, piceous variable in holotype and paratypes, pointed, curved mediad, extending about half the length of male sternite I or half the length of female sternite II.

Opercula. Male operculum with short, straight lateral margin to small, rounded, lateral extension, posterior margin straight to curved medial end, angled posteromediad reaching lateral meracanthus, barely reaching to anterior of tympanal cavity, ochraceous covered with silvery pile, with long silvery pile radiating from edge. Female operculum similarly shaped to male, reaching medially to lateral meracanthus, not extending posteriorly to posterior of sternite I.

Abdomen. Abdominal tergites ground color anteriorly with coloration expanding in posterior tergites. Tergite 1 with ferruginous lateral mark along timbal cavity, tergite 2 with dark castaneous lateral spot and castaneous midline, tergites 3–7 with castaneous dorsal ridge and castaneous on posterior dorsolateral surfaces, the amount of castaneous increases anteriorly and laterally in posterior tergites so tergites 5–7 mostly castaneous, sternite 8 castaneous anteriorly, ground color posteriorly and laterally. Timbal exposed, white with castaneous ribs, eight long ribs and six intercalary ribs. Male sternite I and II ground color, sternites III–VII ground color anteriorly with ferruginous posterior, sternites with short golden pile and radiating long golden pile, sternite VII with transverse posterior margin, sternite VIII ground color, elongated with V-shaped notch when viewed from the posterior, covered with short golden pile, radiating long golden pile. Epipleurites similarly colored to sternites. Female sternites similarly ground color with ferruginous hind margins to sternites III–VI, sternite II with central ferruginous spot in one paratype. Female sternite VII with deep medial notch, open V-shaped in anterior half of sternite with long parallel sides posteriorly, posterior sternite VII transverse. Female abdominal segment 9 ground color with castaneous dorsal and lateral fasciae, piceous on posterior margin in some paratypes, covered with golden pile, radiating long golden pile from ventral and posteroventral margins. Dorsal beak short, angled dorsally, not as long as castaneous anal styles. Posterior margin of abdominal segment 9 curved.

Genitalia. Male pygofer tawny, posterior and upper pygofer lobes piceous in one paratype, dorsal beak absent, anal styles castaneous with darker margin, piceous margin in paratype. Distal shoulder extending to half length of anal styles, forming an approximate right angle ventroposteriorly connecting to distal pygofer. Pygofer basal lobe thin, about as wide as pygofer margin, adpressed to pygofer, less than one quarter the length of pygofer, angled laterad at base. Upper pygofer lobes elongated, flattened, oriented posteriorly with end curving mediad and terminating in a sharp point crossing midline. Claspers, small, thin, with hooked terminus. Aedeagus tubular, castaneous with ochraceous terminal membrane.

Female gonocoxite IX darkened ground color with piceous medial margin. Gonapophysis IX castaneous, gonapophysis X piceous.Ovipositor sheath extends well beyond dorsal beak. Long golden pile radiating from ovipositor sheath.

Measurements (mm). N = two males or two females, mean (range). Length of body: male 13.53 (13.45–13.60), female 13.95 (13.90–14.00); length of fore wing: male 18.58 (18.10–19.05), female 18.95 (18.85–19.05); width of fore wing: male 7.20 (7.15–7.25), female 6.60 (6.45–6.75); length of head: male 1.95 (1.90–2.00), female 1.75 (1.70– 1.80); width of head including eyes: male 4.00 (4.00–4.00), female 4.10 (4.10–4.10); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 4.50 (4.40–4.60), female 4.35 (4.30–4.40); width of mesonotum: male 3.80 (3.80–3.80), female 3.80 (3.80–3.80).

Diagnosis. Calyria minutopercula sp. nov. can be distinguished quickly from all other species by the shape of the pygofer and the very small opercula. It can be distinguished from C. fenestrata ( Fabricius, 1803) and C. stigma ( Walker, 1850) by the lack of an apical spot on the fore wing of these species along with the ferruginous coloration of C. fenestrata and the piceous markings within the pronotal fissures and mesothoracic piceous markings of C. stigma . The new species can be distinguished from C. cuna ( Walker, 1850) by the piceous spots on the head and parallel longitudinal fascia on either side of the pronotal midline in the new species and from C. mogannoides Jacobi, 1907 by the lateral abdomen tapering straight to the posterior rather than curving and producing a rounded abdomen, and by the lack of piceous spots on the head and parallel longitudinal fascia on either side of the midline.

The remaining species of the genus, Calyria jacobii Bergroth, 1914 and C. telifera ( Walker, 1858a) , are also found in Venezuelan. Calyria telifera can be distinguished from the new species by the lateral abdomen tapering straight to the posterior rather than curving and producing a rounded abdomen, and the lack of piceous markings on the abdomen, the ferruginous fore wing veins, the dorsal postclypeus being as long as it is wide, and the supra-antennal plates do not extend anteriorly beyond the lateral postclypeus. Finally, C. jacobii is the most similar species as it also has small opercula but it can be distinguished by the smaller body size (male body length 10.5 mm), the rostrum reaching only to the middle coxae, and, most importantly, the upper pygofer lobe is broad extending half the length to the distinct dorsal beak (illustrated in Bergroth 1914).

Distribution. The new species is known only from the type locality in the state of Aragua in northern Venezuela.

Figures

Figure 3. Calyria minutopercula sp. nov. A, habitus, holotype male (top) and paratype female (bottom); B, holotype male dorsum; C, holotype male timbal; D, paratype male operculum; E, paratype female operculum; F, paratype male lateral view of genitalia; G, paratype male posterior view of genitalia; H, paratype female lateral view of genitalia; I, paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 3 mm; C–I, 1 mm.