Episcomitra friedbergi ( Cossmann, 1912 )

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard, 2021, The Mitridae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea, Zootaxa 4983 (3), pp. 1-72 : 20-21

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4983.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6A4778D6-195A-4AB1-AA1E-7D8000185B28
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5044076
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A82A87E9-8A05-3859-FF4D-FB59FAADFA79
treatment provided by	Plazi (2021-06-10 00:51:57, last updated 2024-11-24 21:02:59)
scientific name	Episcomitra friedbergi ( Cossmann, 1912 )
status

Treatment

Episcomitra friedbergi ( Cossmann, 1912) View in CoL

Figs 5E View FIGURE 5 1 –E View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 , F 1 –F View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2

? Mitra fusiformis Brocc. View in CoL — Hörnes 1852b: 98, pl. 10, fig. 5 [non Episcomitra fusiformis ( Brocchi, 1814) View in CoL ].

? Mitra fusiformis Brocc. View in CoL — Hörnes 1852b: 98, pl. 10, fig. 6 [non Episcomitra fusiformis ( Brocchi, 1814) View in CoL ].

Mitra fusiformis Brocc. View in CoL — Hoernes & Auinger 1880: 75, pl. 8, fig. 28 [non Episcomitra fusiformis ( Brocchi, 1814) View in CoL ] [non pl. 8, figs, 27, 29 = Episcomitra neubaueri View in CoL nov. sp.].

Mitra ambigua Friedb. View in CoL — Friedberg 1911: 10, text-fig. 2, pl. 1, fig. 6 [nov. nom pro Mitra fusiformis Hörnes 1852b View in CoL , pl. 10, figs 4–7 and Hoernes & Auinger, 1880, pl. 8, figs 27–29] [non Swainson, 1829].

* Mitra friedbergi Cossm. 1912 View in CoL — Cossmann 1912: 214 [nov. nom. pro Mitra ambigua Friedberg, 1911 View in CoL non Swainson, 1829].

Mitra friedbergi Cossm. View in CoL —Friedberg 1928: 577.

Mitra Friedbergi Cossm. View in CoL — Friedberg 1938: 130.

Mitra ambigua Friedberg View in CoL — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954: 48, pl. 6, fig. 17 [non Swainson, 1829].

Mitra ambigua Friedberg View in CoL — Glibert 1960: 39.

Mitraria (Mitraria) friedbergi ( Cossmann, 1912) —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 158, pl. 42, fig. 5.

? Mitra hoernesi Mayer, 1864 View in CoL — Strausz 1966: 363, pl. 41, figs 15–18.

Mitraria (Mitraria) friedbergi ( Cossmann, 1912) — Bałuk 1997: pl. 8, figs 1–2.

Mitraria friedbergi ( Cossmann, 1912) — Harzhauser 2002: 107, pl. 8, fig. 21.

Type material. Lectotype (designated herein): NHMW 20200124 View Materials /0001, SL: 45.5 mm, MD: 15.0 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Hoernes & Auinger (1880, pl. 8, figs 28a–b), figs 5E 1 –E 2.

Additional material. NHMW 1868 View Materials /0001/0398, SL: 40.0 mm , MD: 13.7 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) , figs 5F 1 –F 2; NHMW 1876 View Materials /0011/0009, 9 specimens, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; NHMW 1866 View Materials /0001/1011, 2 specimens, Forchtenau ( Austria) ; NHMW 1865 View Materials /0001/1082, 9 specimens, Grund ( Austria) ;? NHMW 2020 View Materials /0125/0001, SL: 21.5 mm , MD: 7.6 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria) , illustrated in Hörnes 1852b: 98, pl. 10, fig. 5;? NHMW 1846 View Materials /0037/0096, SL: 39.4 mm , MD: 12.1 mm, Mikulov ( Czech Republic) , illustrated in Hörnes (1852b, pl. 10, fig. 5).

Revised description. Shell medium sized, moderately slender fusiform with impressed suture. Protoconch unknown. Teleoconch of nine whorls. Early teleoconch whorls straight sided, conical, periphery at abapical suture. Spiral sculpture of four convex spiral cords on first three teleoconch whorls, rapidly fading out on next whorls. Later spire whorls weakly convex with maximum convexity below mid-whorl. Last whorl weakly convex, with low base and shallow basal concavity. Shell surface smooth except for weakly prosocline growth lines and delicate spiral cords on base and fasciole. Aperture moderately wide, adapically narrowly angulated with indistinct anal canal. Columellar callus narrow, sharply delimited. Columella with four oblique columellar folds, abapically decreasing in strength. Siphonal canal moderately short, wide, straight with incised siphonal notch.

Discussion. When introducing Mitra ambigua as new name, Friedberg (1911: 19) explicitly referred to the specimens illustrated by Hörnes (1852b, pl. 10, figs 4–7) and Hoernes & Auinger (1880 pl. 8, figs 27–29) as Mitra fusiformis Brocchi. Cossmann (1912: 214) pointed out that Mitra ambigua was preoccupied by Swainson (1829) and proposed Mitra friedbergi as replacement name without commenting on type specimens. Thus, the syntype series comprises seven specimens, of which most are problematic. The specimens illustrated as figures 4 and 7 in Hörnes (1852b, pl. 10) are lost and cannot serve as types. The specimen illustrated as figure 5 is a slender shell, differing from Mitra ambigua as described by Friedberg (1911). Although it might be an aberrant specimen or extreme morph of Episcomitra friedbergi , it should not be selected as lectotype. The specimen illustrated as figure 6 in Hörnes (1852b, pl. 10) is a juvenile specimen and is tentatively placed herein in E. friedbergi . The specimens illustrated by Hoernes & Auinger (1880 pl. 8, figs 27, 29) differ from the description of Mitra ambigua in Friedberg (1911) in their conical spire and prominent spiral sculpture, and are described herein as Episcomitra neubaueri nov. sp. Thus, only the specimen illustrated as figure 28 by Hoernes & Auinger (1880 pl. 8) agrees with the description by Friedberg (1911) and is therefore selected as lectotype.

The most striking feature of this species is the relative inflation of the penultimate and last whorls compared to the earlier spire whorls and the relatively low aperture. None of the numerous Italian Neogene species show this combination of features; E. astensis ( Bellardi, 1850) from the Pliocene is probably closest in shape, but the spire growth is more regular and the aperture taller. Episcomitra friedbergi is morphologically close to Episcomitra leopoldiana nov. sp. but lacks the weak shoulder and subcylindrical spire whorls, lacks spiral sculpture on late spire whorls, and has a slightly wider apical angle.

Shell measurements and ratios. SL = 21.5–45.5 mm, MD: 7.6–15.0 mm, AA = 36–38°, SL/MD: 3.1–3.2, AL/AW: 3.8–4.8, AH/S: 2.6–2.9.

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Karpatian (early Miocene): Korneuburg Basin: Kleinebersdorf ( Austria) ( Harzhauser 2002); Badenian (middle Miocene): Korytnica Basin: Korytnica ( Poland) ( Bałuk 1997); Polish ForeCarpathian Basin: Błonie near Tarnów ( Friedberg 1911); Voronyaky Hills: Hołubica (Holubytsia) ( Ukraine) (Friedberg 1911); Ukrainian Fore-Carpathian Basin: Dryszczów (Nadrichne), Tarnopol (Ternopil), Zborów (Zboriv), Żukowce (Zhukivtsi) ( Ukraine) ( Friedberg 1911); Vienna Basin: Steinebrunn, Baden ( Austria); Pannonian Basin: Sámsonháza ( Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954); Făget Basin: Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Hoernes & Auinger 1880); Dacian Basin: Staropatica, Opanec, Târnene ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).

References

Baluk, W. (1997) Middle Miocene (Badenian) gastropods from Korytnica, Poland; Part III. Acta Geologica Polonica, 47, 1 - 75. [https: // geojournals. pgi. gov. pl / agp / article / view / 13688 / 12126]

Bellardi, L. (1850) Monografia delle mitre fossili del Piemonte. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, 2 / 11, 357 - 390. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 32672 # page / 441 / mode / 1 up] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59630

Brocchi, G. (1814) Conchiologia fossile subapennina, con osservazioni geologiche sugli Apennini e sul suolo adiacente. Stamperia Reale, Milano, 2 + 712 pp. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 43873 # page / 9 / mode / 1 up] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11569

Cossmann, M. (1912) Revue critique de paleozoologie. Organe trimestriel. Cossmann, Paris, Seizieme annee, 286 pp. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 105612 # page / 9 / mode / 1 up]

Csepreghy-Meznerics, I. (1954) Helvetische und tortonische Fauna aus dem ostlichen Cserhatgebirge. Annales Instituti Regii Hungarici Geologici, 41, 1 - 185. [http: // olivirv. myspecies. info / sites / olivirv. myspecies. info / files / EPA 03274 _ mafi _ evkonyv _ 1954 _ 04. pdf]

Friedberg, W. (1911, 1928) Mieczaki Miocenskie ziem Polskich. (Mollusca Miocaenica Poloniae). Czesc I. Slimaki i Lodkonogi (Pars I. Gastropoda et Scaphopoda). Muzeum Imienia Dzieduszyckich We Lwowie, 1 & 5, 1 - 112, pls. 1 - 5 (1911) & 441 - 631, pls. 27 - 38 (1928). [reprinted 1951 - 55 with slightly different title and pagination, Wydawnictwa Geologiczne, Warszawa, http: // rcin. org. pl / miiz / dlibra / publication / 4792 / edition / 29890 / content]

Friedberg, W. (1938) Katalog mego zbioru mieczakow miocenskich Polski (Katalog meiner Sammlung der Miozanmollusken Polens). Memoires de l'Academie polonaise des sciences et des lettres, Classe des sciences mathematiques et naturelles. Serie B, Sciences naturelles, 12, 1 - 164.

Glibert, M. (1960) Les Volutacea fossiles du Cenozoique etranger des collections de l'Institut royal des sciences naturelles de Belgique. Memoires de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Serie 2, Fasc. 61, 1 - 109. [https: // core. ac. uk / download / pdf / 35118093. pdf]

Harzhauser, M. (2002) Marine und brachyhaline Gastropoden aus dem Karpatium des Korneuburger Beckens und der Kreuzstettener Bucht (Osterreich, Untermiozan). Beitrage zur Palaontologie, 27, 61 - 159. [https: // www. zobodat. at / pdf / Beitr-Palaeontologie _ 27 _ 0061 - 0159. pdf]

Hoernes, R. & Auinger, M. (1880) Die Gasteropoden der Meeres-Ablagerungen der ersten und zweiten Miocanen Mediterran- Stufe in der Osterreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie. Abhandlungen der k. k Geologischen Reichsanstalt, 12, 53 - 112, pls. 7 - 12. [https: // opac. geologie. ac. at / ais 312 / dokumente / Hoernes % 20 und % 20 Auinger % 20 _ 1879 _ Gasteropoden. pdf] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 151405

Hornes, M. (1852 b) Die fossilen Mollusken des Tertiar-Beckens von Wien. Abhandlungen der K. K. Geologischen Reichsanstalt, 3, pp. 43 - 208, pls. VI - XX (1852). [https: // opac. geologie. ac. at / ais 312 / dokumente / Abh- 3 - GRA-gesamt. pdf]

Kojumdgieva, E. M. & Strachimirov, B. (1960) Les fossiles de Bulgarie. VII. Tortonien. Academie des Sciences de Bulgarie, Sofia, 317 pp.

Mayer, K. (1864) Die Tertiar-Fauna der Azoren und Madeiren. Systematisches Verzeichniss der fossilen Reste von Madeira, Porto Santo und Santa Maria nebst Beschreibung der neuen Arten. published by the author, Zurich, vi + 107 pp. [https: // books. google. at / books? id = wS 4 - AAAAcAAJ & pg = PP 11 & source = kp _ read _ button & redir _ esc = y # v = onepage & q & f = false]

Strausz, L. (1966) Die Miozan-Mediterranen Gastropoden Ungarns. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 693 pp.

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Map of central and south–eastern Europe, representing the area that was partly covered by the Central Paratethys Sea (for detailed maps with the localities mentioned in the text see Kroh (2005) and Nosowska (2020). The white insert corresponds to the area that is restored in the palaeogeographic map below. B. Palaeogeography of the Middle Miocene Paratethys Sea (modified from Harzhauser & Landau 2017) showing the most important sedimentary basins (NAFB: North Alpine Foreland Basin, E–Sopr B: Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin).

FIGURE 2. Measurements for shell morphology and whorl profiles. SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, AA: apical angle, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height. AL: aperture length. AW: aperture width. S: length of siphonal canal.

FIGURE 5. A1–A2. Episcomitra brusinai (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), lectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania), NHMW 1854/0035/0100. B1–B2. Episcomitra cf. brusinai (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), Steinebrunn (Austria), NHNW 2020/0123/0001. C1–C2. Episcomitra missile nov. sp., holotype, Guntersdorf (Austria), NHMW 202/0127/0001. D1–D2. Episcomitra missile nov. sp., paratype, Grund (Austria), NHMW 202/0128/0001. E1–E2. Episcomitra friedbergi (Cossmann, 1912), lectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania), NHMW 20200124/0001. F1–F2. Episcomitra friedbergi (Cossmann, 1912), Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania), NHMW 1868/0001/0398. G1–G2. Episcomitra neubaueri nov. sp., holotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania), NHMW 1854/0035/0084. H1– H2. Episcomitra neubaueri nov. sp., paratype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania), NHMW 1854/0035/0086. I1–I2. Episcomitra neubaueri nov. sp., paratype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania), NHMW 1855/0043/0006.