Woldstedtius biguttatus (Gravenhorst, 1829)

Morishita, Shunsuke & Watanabe, Kyohei, 2022, Revision of the genus Woldstedtius Carlson, 1979 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Diplazontinae) from Japan, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 69 (1), pp. 45-64 : 45

Woldstedtius biguttatus (Gravenhorst, 1829)

Figs 2A-F , 9F

Bassus biguttatus Gravenhorst, 1829: 332.

Bassus rufipes Gravenhorst, 1829: 337. Name preoccupied.

Bassus confusus Woldstedt, 1874: 63. Synonymized by Morley (1906).

Syrphoctonus flavolineatus : Konishi et al. 2014: 491. Misident (at least in part).

Woldstedtius flavolineatus : Morishita et al. 2021: 53. Misident.

Materials examined.

JAPAN: [Hokkaido] 1 F, Hokkaido, Nemuro, Shibetsu, Rubesu , 25-28 Aug 1971, K. Yamagishi leg. ( MU); 1 F , Hokkaido, Sapporo , 20 May 1967, K. Kusigemati leg. (SEHU). [Honshu] 1 F , Gunma Pref., Katashina Vil., Marunuma, Yuzawa , 2 Jul 2008, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Saitama Pref., Honjo City, Okubo-yama , 1 Apr 2001, N. Shimizu leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Saitama Pref., Satte City, Makinoji , 6 Apr 2009, S. Yoshizawa leg. ( KPMNH); 2 F , Tokyo, Chiyoda, Imperial Palace, Fukiagegyoen 20 May-19 Jun 1996, K. Konishi leg. (MT) ( NSMT); 1 F , Tokyo, Chiyoda, Imperial Palace, Fukiagegyoen , Kajuen , 17-24 Sep 2009 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 F & 1 M, ditto, 14-21 Oct 2009 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 M, ditto, 13-20 Apr 2010 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 F, ditto, 11-18 May 2010 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 M , Tokyo, Chiyoda, Imperial Palace, Fukiagegyoen , Otakinagare , 29 Mar-6 Apr 2009 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 F, ditto, 12-17 May 2011 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 F, ditto, 17-24 May 2011 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 F , Tokyo, Chiyoda, Imperial Palace, Biol. Inst. , nr. Paddy field, 12-17 May 2011 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 F , Tokyo, Chiyoda, Imperial Palace, Dokan-shinmichi , 7-14 Oct 2009 (MT) ( NSMT); 1F & 1 M, ditto, 21-28 Oct 2009 (MT) ( NSMT); 4 F & 1 M, ditto, 28 Oct-4 Nov 2009 (MT) ( NSMT); 2 F & 1 M, ditto, 11-18 Nov 2009 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 M, ditto, 18-24 Nov 2009 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 F & 4 M, ditto, 24 Nov-7 Dec 2009 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 M, ditto, 3-17 Mar 2010 (MT) ( NSMT); 3 M, ditto, 29 Mar-6 Apr 2010 (MT) ( NSMT); 2 F, ditto, 6-13 Apr 2010 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 F, ditto, 27 Apr-4 May 2010 (MT) ( NSMT); 3 F, ditto, 4-11 May 2010 (MT) ( NSMT); 6 F & 2 M, ditto, 25 May-1 Jun 2010 (MT) ( NSMT); 1 M , Tokyo, Chiyoda, Imperial Palace, Dokan-bori , 23 Mar 2010, K. Watanabe leg. (MT) ( NSMT); 2 M , Tokyo, Ome City, Mt. Otsukayama , 1 Jun 2008, M. Irie leg. ( KPMNH); 3 M , Tokyo, Ome City, Mt. Mitakesan , 1 Jun 2008, M. Gunji leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Kanagawa Pref., Fujisawa City , Ishikawa, 11 May 2001, I. Waki leg. ( NSMT); 1 F , Kanagawa Pref., Ebina City, Sagamigawa , 13 Apr 2006, M. Ooishi & R. Watanabe leg. (YPT) ( KPMNH); 1 F , Kanagawa Pref., Chigasaki City, Serizawa , 10 May 2013, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Kanagawa Pref., Atsugi City, Funako , Tokyo University of Agriculture , 6 May-7 Jun 2016, Y. Kato & S. Koizumi leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 M, ditto, 22 Apr-16 May 2016, Y. Kato & S. Koizumi leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 M , Kanagawa Pref., Atsugi City , Tokyo University of Agriculture , 2 Apr 2009, H. Katahira leg. ( KPMNH); 1 M , Kanagawa Pref., Oiso Town, Koma, Komayama , 16 Apr 2016, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 4 M , Kanagawa Pref., Nakai Town, Zoushiki , 16 Apr 2019, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Kanagawa Pref., Kiyokawa Vil. , 4 Oct 2008, Y. Oogane leg. ( KPMNH); 2 F , Kanagawa Pref., Hadano City, Koubouyama , 1 May 2016, K. Watanabe & H. Utsugi leg. ( KPMNH); 2 M, ditto, 18 Apr 2010, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Kanagawa Pref., Hadano City, Chimura, Mt. Zukkoyama , 16 Apr 2017, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 M, ditto, 7 May 2017, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Kanagawa Pref., Tennoujione , 29 Jun 2013, (FIT) ( KPMNH); 3 M , Kanagawa Pref., Kaisei Town, Kanaishima , 22 Mar 2016, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Kanagawa Pref., Odawara City, Kuno , 24 Mar 2014, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 M, ditto, 24 Mar 2014, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Kanagawa Pref., Odawara City, Kamisoga , 29 Apr 2017, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Kanagawa Pref., Yamakita Town, Hinokiboramaru , 6 Aug 2014, T. Taniwaki leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Kanagawa Pref., Yamakita Town, Mt. Oomuroyama-Mt. Kanyuudousan , 15 Jun 2008, H. Kawai leg. ( KPMNH). 1 F , Yamanashi Pref., Koshu City, Enzanushioku, Sagashio , 12 Jun 2010, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Yamanashi Pref., Hokuto City, Masutomi, Biwakubo-sawa , 28 Jul 2007, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Yamanashi Pref., Yamanakako Vil., Hirano, Mikuni-toge , 8 Aug 2020, S. Morishita leg. (TMNH); 3 F , Shizuoka Pref., Shizuoka City, Umegashima , 3 Jun 2001, T. Sugiyama leg. (YPT) ( MU); 2 F, ditto, 18 Jun 2001, T. Sugiyama leg. (YPT) ( MU); 2 F, ditto, 18 Jun-2 Jul 2001, T. Sugiyama leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F, ditto, 17 Jul-5 Aug 2001, T. Sugiyama leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F , Aichi Pref., Shitara Town, Tsuguhonsawa , 7 May-26 Jun 2020, S. Morishita leg. (MT) (TMNH); 1 F, ditto, 17 Jun 2019, S. Morishita leg. (TMNH); 1 F, ditto, 5 Jul 2019, S. Morishita leg. (TMNH); 1 F , Aichi Pref., Shinshiro City, Tsukudeiwanami , 17 May 2019, S. Morishita leg. (TMNH); 1 M, ditto, 2 May 2019, S. Morishita leg. (TMNH); 3 F & 4 M , Aichi Pref., Toyohashi City, Hosoya, Kitahosoya , 6 Apr 2019, S. Morishita leg. (TMNH); 1 F , Aichi Pref., Toyohashi City, Unoya, Nabeyamashita , 10 Apr 2019, S. Morishita leg. (TMNH); 1 F & 1 M, ditto, 30 Apr 2019, S. Morishita leg. (TMNH); 2 M , Aichi Pref., Toyohashi City, Oiwa, Taimatsu-toge , 6 Apr 2021, S. Morishita leg. (TMNH); 1 F , Aichi Pref., Toyohashi City, Imure, Takayama , 2 Jun-6 Jun 2019, S. Morishita leg. (MT) (TMNH); 1 F , Aichi Pref., Toyohashi City, Nishiiwata , 12 Jul 2018, S. Morishita leg. (TMNH); 1 M, ditto, 3 May 2019, S. Morishita leg. (TMNH); 3 M , Aichi Pref., Toyokawa City, Mikami-cho , 15 Sep 2019, S. Morishita leg. (TMNH); 1 M , Aichi Pref., Kasugai City, Takagi , 19 May 2017, M. Sugiura leg. ( MU); 2 F , Aichi Pref., Toyota City, Sanage , 30 Apr-6 May 2002, M. Kiyota leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F , Aichi Pref., Asuke Town, Tanoshiri , 15-24 May 2005, Y. Nishimura leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F, ditto, 15-21 Jun 2005, Y. Nishimura leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F, ditto, 15-21 Jun 2005, J. Yamagiwa leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F, ditto, 13-19 Jul 2005, Y. Nishimura leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F , Aichi Pref., Nisshin City, Komenogi , 28 May-3 Jun 2011, H. Seo leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F , Aichi Pref., Nisshin City, Nokata , 28 May-3 Jun 2011, H. Seo leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F , Aichi Pref., Ichinomiya City , 14-20 Oct 2006, C. Ueshima leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 M , Gifu Pref., Kani City, Katabira 3-9 Apr 2004, K. Ito leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 M, ditto, 10-16 Apr 2004, K. Yamagishi leg. (MT) ( MU); 2 F, ditto, 17-23 Apr 2004, K. Ito leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 M, ditto, 1-7 May 2004, K. Ito leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 M, ditto, 15-21 May 2004, K. Ito leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F , Nagano Pref., Kawakami Vil., Azusayama , 14 Jun 2015, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Nagano Pref., Nagawa Town, Daimon , 27 Aug 2011, S. Fujie leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Nagano Pref., Otaki Vil., Mt. Ontakesan, Hakkaisan , 8 Aug 2010, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F, ditto, 25 Jun-15 Jul 2015, S. Shimizu leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 F , Toyama Pref., Mt. Jodosan , 7 Jun 1972, M. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 M , Toyama Pref., Toyama City, Inonedani , 7-14 Jul 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 M, ditto, 8-15 Sep 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 M, ditto, 15-22 Sep 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 M , Toyama Pref., Toyama City, Kamegai , 1-8 Sep 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 M, ditto, 8-15 Sep 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 M , Toyama Pref., Toyama City, Jurodani , 7-14 Jul 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 M , Toyama Pref., Nanto City, Kamimomose , 11-18 Aug 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 M, ditto, 1-8 Sep 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 4 M, ditto, 15-29 Sep 2009, M. Watanabe leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 2 F , Ishikawa Pref., Nomi City, Mitsukuchi , 30 Apr-13 May 2011, R. Ishiguro leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F, ditto, 6-21 Oct 2011, H. Fukutomi leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F , Ishikawa Pref., Hakusan City, Sannomiya , 17-23 May 2009, H. Fukutomi leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F, ditto, 24-30 May 2009, H. Fukutomi leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 F & 1M , Mie Pref., Taiki Town, Takihara , 20-31 May 2019, T. Nishimura leg. (MT) ( MU); 1 M , Kyoto Pref., Yawata City, Yawatahayashinomoto , 15 May 2015, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 2 F , Osaka Pref., Chihayaakasaka Vil., Mt. Kongosan , 7-15 Jul 2012, S. Fujie leg. (MT) ( KPMNH); 1 F , Hyogo Pref., Kobe City, Motoyama Town, Hokura-jinjya , 5 May 2012, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH); 1 F , Tottori Pref., Wakasa Town, Mt. Hyonosen , 17 Jul 2011, K. Watanabe leg. ( KPMNH). [Shikoku] 1 F & 1 M , Tokushima Pref., Zennyuji-toh , 13-22 May 2003, H. Otsuka leg. (MT) ( MU). [Kyushu] 1 F , Kagoshima Pref., Sakurajima , 13 May 1973, K. Kusigemati leg. (SEHU); 1 F , Kagoshima Pref., Terayama , 19 Apr 1973, K. Kusigemati leg. (SEHU); 1 F , Kagoshima Pref., Uearata , 18 Oct 1973, K. Kusigemati leg. (SEHU) . BULGARIA: 1 M, Batak , 20 Jul 1966 ( ZSM) . GERMANY: 1 M, Stolzenau , 8 Aug 1945 ( ZSM) . RUSSIA: 1 F, Altay, Lake Telezkoe, Chulishman , 6 Aug 1989, A. Tereshkin leg. ( ZSM) .

Description.

Female (n = 100). Body length 4.5-7.2 mm, weakly polished, coriaceous and covered with silver setae.

Head 0.5-0.54 × as long as wide. Clypeus 2.0-2.2 × as broad as high, slightly convex basally in lateral view. Face 2.0-2.35 × as broad as high, densely punctate, convex medially in lateral view, separated from clypeus by shallow clypeal sulcus. Inner orbits almost parallel (Fig. 2B ). Length of malar space 1.0-1.1 × as long as basal mandibular width. POL 1.8-2.3 × as long as OD. OOL 1.0-1.3 × as long as OD. POL 1.7-2.1 × as long as OOL. Antenna with 22-25 flagellomeres. FL I 1.25-1.33 × as long as FL II. MP IV 1.25-1.33 × as long as MP V.

Mesosoma. Lateral aspect of pronotum rugulose anteriorly. Mesoscutum finely and sparsely punctate (separated by ca. 1.5-3.0 × their diameter) (Fig. 2C ). Scutellum finely and sparsely punctate (separated by ca. 1.5-2.5 × their diameter) (Fig. 2C ). Anterior and lower parts of mesopleuron coarsely and sparsely punctate. Sternaulus weakly impressed. Propodeum rounded in lateral view, without rugae (Fig. 2D ), without carinae except for anterior part of pleural carina. Fore wing length 3.8-6.5 mm. Nervellus intercepted below middle. Hind femur 4.22-4.5 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view. Hind femur 8.0-8.5 × as long as maximum depth in lateral view. Ratio of length of hind first to fifth tarsomeres 1.0: 0.6: 0.4-0.5: 0.2-0.3: 0.3.

Metasoma. T I rectangular in dorsal view (Fig. 9F ), 1.0-1.2 × as long as maximum width, rugulose laterally. Latero-median carina present basal ca. 0.5 of T I. T II 0.66-0.88 × as long as maximum width, striate anteriorly and strigose laterally.

Coloration (Fig. 2A-D ). Body (excluding wings and legs) black. Face sometimes with a small yellow or brown median spot. Palpi, tegula and upper part of mesepisternum yellow. Mandible yellow, except for apex and base. Lateral aspect of pronotum with a yellow spot posteriorly. Subtegular ridge tinged with yellow anteriorly. Scutellum with a yellow spot apically. Wings hyaline. Veins and pterostigma brown to blackish-brown except for yellowish-brown wing base. Legs orange. Apex of fore coxa and apex of hind femur tinged with black. Trochanters and trochantelli yellow. Hind tibia and tarsomeres black. Base of hind tibia tinged with white.

Male (n = 71). Similar to female. Inner orbits weakly divergent downward (Fig. 2F ). Length of malar space 0.83-1.0 × as long as basal mandibular width.

Coloration (Fig. 2E, F ). Body (excluding wings and legs) black. Clypeus, palpi, face, ventral surface of antenna, malar space, propleuron, epicnemium, tegula, subtegular ridge and mesepisternum yellow. Gena tinged with yellow ventrally. Mandible yellow, except for apex. Lateral aspect of pronotum with a yellow spot ventrally and posteriorly. Mesoscutum with yellow shoulder marks. Mesopleuron with a yellow marking ventrally. Scutellum with a yellow spot apically. T III and T IV each with a pair of yellow spots anteriorly (sometimes these spots united into a single spot). Wings hyaline. Veins and pterostigma brown to blackish-brown except for yellowish-brown wing base. Legs yellow. Fore and mid femora, tibiae and tarsi orange. Hind coxa with a blackish-brown stripe dorsally. Hind femur brown to blackish-brown. Base of hind trochantellus tinged with blackish-brown. Hind tibia and tarsomeres black. Base of hind tibia tinged with whitish-yellow.

Distribution.

Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu). Outside Japan, this species is widely distributed in Palearctic region ( Yu et al. 2016).

Bionomics.

Host unknown in Japan. Outside of Japan, the following three hoverfly species have been recorded as hosts: Eupeodes lapponicus (Zetterstedt, 1838); Neocnemodon fulvimanus (Zetterstedt, 1843); Sphaerophoria scripta (Linnaeus, 1758) ( Yu et al. 2016). Anthonomus pomorum (Linnaeus, 1758) and Loxostege sticticalis (Linnaeus, 1761) have also been recorded as hosts ( Yu et al. 2016), but are considered doubtful records. Most adults were collected from various open habitats (e.g., grasslands, meadows and paddy fields).

Remarks.

This is the first record of this species from Japan. This species resembles W. flavolineatus , but can be distinguished from the latter by the following combination of character states: face entirely black or black with a small yellow or brown median spot in females (black with a large yellow median spot in females of W. flavolineatus ); pronotum black with yellow ventral corner in males (black with yellow ventral and hind parts in males of W. flavolineatus ); yellow shoulder marks absent in females (present in females of W. flavolineatus ); mesopleuron with a yellow marking ventrally in males (with a large yellow marking; it is enlarged anteriorly in males of W. flavolineatus ).

Figures

Figure 2. Woldstedtius biguttatus (Gravenhorst, 1829) (A-D. female; E, F. male) - A, E. Habitus; B, F. Head, frontal view; C. Mesonotum, dorsal view; D. Propodeum, dorsal view.

Figure 9. Japanese Woldstedtius A, G. W. f. flavolineatus (Gravenhorst, 1829); B, I. W. kuroashii (Uchida, 1957); C, D, K. W. takagii (Uchida, 1957); E. W. alpicola sp. nov.; F. W. biguttatus (Gravenhorst, 1829); H. W. karafutensis (Uchida, 1957); J. W. punctatus sp. nov. (E, J. holotype; B, I. paratype) - A, B. head, lateral view; C. head, frontal view; D. propodeum, lateral view; E-K. T I, dorsal view.