Theretra nessus nessus (Drury, 1773)

Irungbam, Jatishwor Singh & Fric, Zdeněk Faltýnek, 2021, Checklist of the family Sphingidae Latreille, 1802 (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea) from Shirui Hills, Manipur, India, Records of the Zoological Survey of India 121 (1), pp. 173-194 : 186

28. Theretra nessus nessus (Drury, 1773) - Orange-Sided Hunter Hawkmoth ( Figure 3 : J)

1773. Sphinx nessus Drury, Illust. nat. Hist. exot. Insects, 2: index (91).

Material examined: INDIA, Manipur, Ukhrul District, Shirui Hills, Site 3 (25.1171ºN 94.4456ºE), 2190 m asl ,

13.ix.2019 - 1♂, IJ2498, coll. J.S. Irungbam.

Wingspan: ♂, 107 mm. Forewing length: 49 mm.

Distribution: India: Andaman and Nicobar Islands ( Chandra 1994); Arunachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand ( Sanyal et al., 2018); Assam ( Arandhara et al., 2017); Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Goa, Jammu and Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Nagaland, Uttar Pradesh ( Shubhalaxmi et al., 2011); Jharkhand ( Sambath, 2014, Singh et al., 2017a, 2017b); Kerala ( Sondhi et al., 2018); Karnataka (Melichar et al., 2018); Meghalaya ( Mandal et al., 2000); Himachal Pradesh, Punjab ( Pathania et al., 2014); Rajasthan ( Sharma, 2014); Sikkim ( Dudgeon, 1886, Khan and Raina, 2017); Tamil Nadu ( Iyer and Kitching, 2019); Tripura ( Mandal et al., 2000); West Bengal ( Shah et al., 2018). Elsewhere: Bhutan ( Irungbam and Irungbam, 2019); Nepal ( Kishida, 1998); Myanmar, southern China, South Korea, Japan, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sundaland ( Pittaway and Kitching, 2020); Hong Kong ( Kendrick, 2002); Thailand ( Inoue et al., 1997); Vietnam ( Kitching and Spitzer, 1995); Taiwan (Wu et al., 2020); the Philippines ( Hogenes, 1998).

Larval host-plants: Amaranthus sp. ( Amaranthaceae ), Barringtonia sp. ( Lecythidaceae ), Dioscorea sp. ( Dioscoreaceae ), Amorphophallus sp. ( Araceae ), Impatiens sp. ( Balsaminaceae ), Citrullus sp. ( Cucurbitaceae ), Boerhavia sp. ( Nyctaginaceae ), Knoxia sp. ( Rubiaceae ), Morinda sp. ( Rubiaceae ), Oldenlandia sp. ( Rubiaceae ), Pongamia sp. ( Fabaceae ), Spermacoce sp. ( Rubiaceae ), Glossostigma sp. ( Phrymaceae ) and Camellia sp. ( Theaceae ) ( Pittaway and Kitching, 2020).

Remarks: Shubhalaxmi et al. (2011) have mentioned the presence of the species in Manipur. The present record from Shirui Hills, confirms its presence in Manipur.

Figures

Figure 3. Image of adult Sphingidae: A. Acosmeryx naga naga (Moore, (1858)); B. A. pseudonaga Butler, 1881; C. Deilephila elpenor macromera (Butler, 1875); D. Hippotion celerio (Linnaeus, 1758); E. H. rosetta (Swinhoe, 1892); F. Theretra alecto (Linnaeus, 1758); G. T. clotho clotho (Drury, 1773); H. T. tibetiana Vaglia and Haxaire, 2010; I. T. lucasii (Walker, 1856); J. T. nessus nessus (Drury, 1773); K. T. oldenlandiae oldenlandiae (Fabricius, 1775); L. T. pallicosta (Walker, 1856); M. Cechetra lineosa (Walker, 1856); N. C. minor (Butler, 1875); O. Rhagastis albomarginatus albomarginatus (Rothschild, 1894); P. R. castor aurifera (Butler, 1875); Q. R. confusa Rothschild and Jordan, 1903; R. R. olivacea (Moore, 1857).