Argyreia setosa (Roxb.) Sweet, Hort. Brit.

P. R., Lawand & Shimpale, V. B., 2024, Revision of the genus Argyreia (Convolvulaceae) from India, Rheedea 34 (5), pp. 337-396 : 383-385

29. Argyreia setosa (Roxb.) Sweet, Hort. Brit. , ed. 2: 373. 1830. Lettsomia setosa Roxb., Hort.

Bengal. 13. 1814; Fl. Ind. [ed. Carey & Wall.] 2:

80. 1824; C.B. Clarke in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 4:

193. 1883. Argyreia setosa (Roxb.) Choisy, Mém.

Soc. Phys. Genève 6: 425. 1834, nom. superfl.

Lectotype (designated here): INDIA, Native of the northern Circars Wallich Cat. no. #1412.6 ( GDC [ G00134942 digital image!]; Isolecto K-W,

G-DC [G00134979, G00134928, G00134942,

G00134908 digital images!]).

Argyreia setosa (Roxb.) Sweet var. minor (C.B.

Clarke) Staples & Traiperm, 466. 2017. syn. nov. Lettsomia setosa (Roxb.) Sweet var. minor C.B.Clarke in Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 194. 1883. Syntypes :

INDIA, Deccan Peninsula, Wight s.n.; South

Concan, Argyreia n. 21, J. Law s.n. ( K [ K 000830679

digital image!], P [ P 00584831 digital image!]);

Karnataka, Bababoodan Hills, Argyreia n. 21, J. Law

s.n. ( K [ K 000830680 digital image!]). Fig. 11h–k

A perennial semiwoody climbing shrub, all terrestrial plant parts exude milky latex; stem twines around solid support, inflorescence and young stem climbs, older stem semiwoody, 1–2 cm in diam., young stem green, appressed strigose, exudes sticky concentrated milky latex. Leaf lamina widely ovate, 13–18 × 12–14 cm, apex acute, base cordate, sparsely strigose above, densely strigose below, hair density more on veins, secondary veins 10–15 pairs, basal 2–3 oblique, secondary veins raised conspicuously beneath, primary vein has two glands (depressed points) at origin; petiole green, 3–9 cm, shorter than the peduncle appressed strigose, terete to grooved minutely at the point of attachment; Inflorescence axillary cymes, 15–30-flowered; peduncle 9–19 cm, longer than the petiole, appressed strigose. Bracts 2, orbicular or elliptic, one large 0.7–0.8 × 0.7–0.8 cm, other small, strigose outer, glabrous inside, bracts caducous in fruit. Sepals 5, orbicular, sub equal, 1–1.3 × 1–1.2 cm, glabrous inside, densely strigose outer which offer them a golden shining appearance. Corolla campanulate, 4.5–5 cm long with broader throat 1.5–1.7 cm in diam., lobes short, twisted in bud, light pink and tube off white, strigose on midpetaline bands but not from the base, 1/3 corolla is strigose, portion enveloped by calyx is glabrous. Stamens 5, subequal, deflexed to the one side; filaments white 1–1.4 cm, white, dilated at base, glandular at base; anthers 5 mm, light pink in color. Ovary globose, bilocular, single ovule in each locule; stigma biglobose. Berries red, c. 1 cm across; seeds 5–7 mm long, white.

Flowering & Fruiting: Flowering from September to November and fruiting from late November to February.

Habitat: It grows in open dry deciduous forests.

Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Goa, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan), Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan.

Etymology: The specific epithet ‘ setosa’ refers to setose hairy plants.

Specimens examined: INDIA, Andhra Pradesh, Chitoor District, Tirumala , 29.01.1987 , D.

Ranga Charyulu 1142 ( CAL); Visakhapatnam

District, Tulabada, 17.04.1976, G. V. Subba Rao

47377 ( CAL); Abidabad District , On the way to Vasthapur from Rasiputla, 04.02.1987, T .

Ravishankar 85160 ( CALI); Kurnool District,

Gundla Bramheswaram, 30.11.1969, J. L. Ellis

32680 ( MH). Bihar, Darbhanga District, Darbhanga , 19.11.1907, I . H . Burkill 29313 ( CAL).

Goa, South Goa, Balli , near railway track, October 2017 , P. R. Lawand 063 ( NCK). Jharkhand, East Singhbhum District, Dalma WLS, 12.02.2001 ,

P. Chakraborty 28843 ( CAL). Karnataka, Shivamogga District, Jog Falls , 07.05.1956 , G. S.

Puri 10902 ( BSI); Gulbarga District, Antawarum,

Chincholi Forest , 20.10.1976, N. P . Singh 142682 ( BSI); Uttara Kannada, Kalkeri, 15.02.1962, R. S .

Raghavan 79430 ( BSI). Madhya Pradsh , Ujjain District, Berchha Forest, 14.02.1987, M. Prasad

39508 ( CAL). Maharashtra, Thane District, ShivanSai, Tungar , 12.11.1961, N. Y. Das 4835

( BLAT); Nashik District, Igatpuri-Kasara Road,

04.09.1955, U. M. Patel 1469 ( BLAT); Pune

District, Purandhar, 03.10.1950, H. Santapau

11414 ( BLAT); Pune District, Sinhagad Fort,

November 1950, 12031 ( BLAT); Thane District ,

Mumbra, 26.08.1954, K. V . Shonorg 4122 ( BLAT);

Pune District , Bawadhan, 29.11.1904, L.D. Garade

s.n. ( BSI); Pune District, Bhimashankar, December

1906, W. A. Talbot 5001 ( BSI); Pune District,

Bhimashankar, 15.05.1907, W. A . Talbot 4978 ( BSI);

Pune District , Khed, 04.12.1961, K. P. Janardhanan

76208 ( BSI); Nashik District, Sakdya-Surgana,

23.10.1983, P . Lakshaminarsimhan 166150 ( BSI);

Pune District, Sinhagad, Atkarwadi, 06.05.1964,

M. Y. Ansari 88095 ( BSI); Pune District, Junnar,

Urtad-Kaldare, 30.10.1964, Hemadri K . 104274

( BSI); Dhule District , Seetakhai Valley, 09.05.1964 ,

S. Rao Rolla 97734 ( BSI); Beed District, Pokhari

Ghat, 20.10.1956, J. A. Vasavada 8565 ( BSI); Pune

District, Near Gunjavane, 10.02.1954, V. D. Vartak

2774 ( AHMA); Pune District, Base of Sinhagad,

12.02.1956, V. D. Vartak 3137 ( AHMA); Pune

District, Harishchandragad, 07.10.2001, Nagarkar

S. B. 18767 ( AHMA); Nashik District, Kasara

Ghat, 22.01.2001, A. S. Upadhye 16 ( AHMA); Pune

District, Ambavade, 04.11.1955, V. D. Vartak 1900

( AHMA); Pune District, Sinhagad, Atkarwadi,

06.11.1956, V. D. Vartak 6959 ( AHMA); Satara

District, Pusegaon, Visapur, Ram Dongar,

October 2017, P. R. Lawand 025 ( NCK); Ratnagiri

District, Rajapur, Devache Gothane, 14.10.2016,

P. R. Lawand 023 ( NCK) . Rajasthan, Chittorgarh District, Baansi , 15.12.1963 , D. M. Varma 1737

( CAL). Tamil Nadu, Nilgiri District, Tippacori , November 1886, J . S . Gamble 18466 ( CAL).

Vernacular names: Dudhavel, Sambar vel (Marathi).

Uses: In some parts of Maharashtra state young leaves are used as vegetable.

Notes: Argyreia setosa shares similarities with Argyreia capitiformis in leaf shape and having subequal stamens deflexed to one side of the corolla. However, A. setosa differs by its strigose hairy plants, loosely arranged flowers, ovate bracts and sepals, and red berries.

Floras of Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra reported the occurrence of Argyreia strigosa (Roth) Roberty , which is the synonym of A. capitiformis ; Santapau and Patel (1958) erred in citing its occurrence in Maharashtra. However, Argyreia setosa occurs in central and peninsular India, which is distinct from Argyreia capitiformis .

Clarke (1883) recognized a variety named var. minor C.B.Clarke under Lettsomia setosa which was transferred to Argyreia by Staples and Traiperm (2017) as Argyreia setosa (Roxb.) Sweet var. minor (C.B. Clarke) Staples & Traiperm. However , after studying the range of variation within A. setosa , it is clear that var. minor falls within the circumscription of the speceis, hence synonymised here. The same has been noted by Santapau and Patel (1958) rather they maintained its varietal status.

Figures

Fig. 11. Argyreia roxburghii (Sweet) Choisy (a-d): a. Flowering twig;b. A flower;c. Corolla front view;d. Sepals.Argyreia sericea Dalzell (e-g): e. Leaf abaxial surface; f. Inflorescence; g. Bracts. Argyreia setosa (Roxb.) Sweet (h-k): h. Inflorescence; i. Corolla top & side view;j. Bracts; k. Infructescence.